Halit Karagoz, Ramazan Cakmakci and Fazilet Parlakova Karagoz*

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.09.000301

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This study was carried out in order to determine the existence, the some morphological parameters and essential oil rate of Origanum acutidens (Hand.-mazz.) Ietswaart (endemically grown in Turkey) populations in Erzincan province (Turkey). For this purpose, field trips were organized to all districts within the borders of Erzincan province between July 15 and August 15 and eleven genotypes having different morphology were determined in four districts with the presence of Origanum acutidens. The measurements were taken included the fresh herba yield, dry herba yield, dry leaf yield, leaf stem ratio, side branch number, canopy diameter, plant height, chlorophyll content and essential oil rates in these genotypes. There were found significant differences (p˂0.01) in all parameters except e..... ReadMore

Anwadike BC

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000293

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There are rapid changes in worldwide species distribution and abundance especially in the tropics and subtropics where they occur in abundance relative to other regions of the world .Countries worldwide including Nigeria show strong inclination towards effective biodiversity monitoring to maintain and sustainably utilize their biological resources Nigeria is blessed with a plethora of biodiversity and biological resources including plants, animals and ecosystems to the extent that some of them are threatened to extinction and degradation resulting from the imbalance between economic development and biodiversity conservation. Some major threats to biodiversity conservation in Nigeria include poverty, economic development, incomplete or non implementation and non ratification by government of international treaties and conventions on ..... ReadMore

AR Yavari*

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000292

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Following expulsion of Adam & Eve (attaining knowledge of good and bad or the cause and effect of reproduction) from the “Garden of Eden” their sons Abel & Cain, were pastoralist and farmer respectively. Abel (pastoralist- nomad as a shepherd) offering to god was accepted but that of cain (grew crops and tilled the land as a farmer) was not. This is despite being a divine knowledge sent from heaven. Products in excess of need are source of income and revenue creating power for subordination and through leisure time to learn and plan is possible for manipulation of future...... ReadMore

Jacques Ganoulis*

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000290

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The UN Rio declaration [1] has initiated in 1992 many international initiatives, research activities, academic programs, and policy frameworks, aiming to define and implement the concept of “sustainable development”. This term was first introduced in the report to the UN, established in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development, chaired by Mrs. Brundland, Norway’s Prime Minister, commonly known as the Brundland Report [2]. Although the term “sustainable development” is until now not completely clear, it was understood as the development that combines socio-economic growth with environmental protection and social equity..... ReadMore

LIU Kaiwen, QI Dongliang and ZHU Jianqiang*

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000289

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Paddy-field-fish-culture was started in southeast Asia more than 6000 years ago Hu et al. [1], and its history may date back to more than one thousand years ago in southern China Lu and Li [2]. An integrated farming (stereoscopic culture) in paddy field, which mainly refers to traditional modes such as rice-fish, rice-crab, rice-crawfish symbiosis, or rice-fish-crab symbiosis and rice-fish-crawfish symbiosis, and some unique modes such as rice-duck, rice-frog, rice-turtle and so on Ahmed et al., [3]. The integrated rice-crawfish farming system, one of new-developed integrated farming in paddy field, is an important farming system and has been well practiced in China. Crawfish (procambarus clarkii) aquaculture can be developed in pond, paddy field and lotus root field, and raising crawfish in paddy field occupied approximately 75.1% of the..... ReadMore

Nazan An*, M Tufan Turp, Murat Türkeş and M Levent Kurnaz

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000288

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According to the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), changing climate is observed to have a negative impact on product yield in many parts of the world [1]. Changes in climate and soil conditions affect agricultural productivity through changes in production quantity and quality. Climate variability is responsible for about a third of the change in global crop yield [2]. Some studies draw attention to the negative impact of temperature increase on crop yield [3-5] and indicate that temperature increase has a more critical effect on agricultural production than the decrease in precipitation [6]. In addition, duration of sunshine, relative humidity and wind speed are also effective variab..... ReadMore

Mohamed El Wathig*, Ali Al Massud, A Rahman and Bernard Faye

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000287

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Trypanosomosis is the most important single cause of economic losses in camels. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of camel trypanosomosis and its vectors in Al-Kharj, Central Province, Saudi Arabia. One hundred and seven serum samples were examined to detect the presence of T. evansi infection by CATT test. Eight Nzi traps for sampling of biting flies were deployed in camel farms, including water station, people residence, cactus farm (Aloe vera), irrigated areas, open Range, cowsheds, sheep pens, and control. Camel trypanosomosis prevalence was 21.5% during the study period. The highest catches of flies were around water station and people residence. The blood biting flies caught were Stomoxys calcitrans and some mosquito’s species. Stomoxys calcitrans may be an important mechanical vector of camel t..... ReadMore

Kaveh Jafarikhorshidi*, Hasan Dallalfarsh Rasouli1, Mehrdad Irani and Hamed Kioumarsi

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000285

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The study was performed to assess using burned bone meal as an organic and di-calcium phosphate as an inorganic phosphate source with different amounts of calcium in diet of broiler chicken (Ross-308). The experimental diets involved supplying overall available phosphorus in the form: (1) di-calcium phosphate (14% available phosphorus and 23% calcium), (2) di-calcium phosphate (18% available phosphorus and 23% calcium), (3) burned bone meal (12% available phosphorus and 32% calcium), (4) burned bone meal (14% available phosphorus and 32% calcium), and (5) burned bone meal (16% available phosphorus and 32% calcium). A completely randomized design consisting of five treatments and three replicates was used. The data were statistically analyzed using the Proc GLM model in SAS version 9.1. The results indicate that the source ..... ReadMore

Zakiul Hasan MA A, Mamunur Rashid, Arifuzzaman*, Momotaj Begum and Dilruba Shahrin Kabir

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000284

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A research work was conducted for generating blast resistant fine aromatic rice through crossing technique using landraces viz., BRRI dhan 34 as susceptible, Kataribhog and Radhunipagol as resistant sources during June to December, 2017 at experimental farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The assessing data were based on different disease parameters at different days after transplanting (DAT) and yield. In field study, BRRI dhan 34 exhibited the highest number of spots (68.40), percent leaf blast severity (11.73), number of death leaf (6.33), neck blast (2.20), node blast (6.20), collar blast (4.33), death panicle (2.07) and yield per plant (68.64). The genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (P..... ReadMore

Akinmutimi Al* and Ukonu A

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000283

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An experiment was conducted at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike soil science Laboratory to study the effects of poultry manure and wood ash on soil exchangeable potassium and soil pH. The aim was to compare the effects of poultry manure and wood ash on soil pH and the rate of potassium- release with time, from an acid ultisol in Umudike, Abia State. The organic amendments were poultry manure and wood ash which were applied at the rates of 0, 5 and 10 tons per hectare. The treatments were replicated three times in a completely randomized design (CRD). During the experiment, soil samples were collected from the incubated samples and analyzed for pH and exchangeable potassium at day 1, day 14, day 28 and day 42. The results showed that poultry manure and wood ash had good effects by improving the soil..... ReadMore

Vanessa Beeson, Karen Brasher and Amelia Fox*

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2020.08.000281

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The 2019 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Aerospace Forecast expects the number of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) or drones registered for commercial use and the number of remote pilots certified to fly them to triple in the next five years. At the current rate of growth, the FAA expects the sUAS-certified remote pilots to outnumber pilots of manned aircraft by 2023, if not sooner. Currently, there are more than 428,000 commercial drones registered and over 162,000 remote pilots certified to fly for commercial purposes [1-3]. As both the commercial use of sUAS and the need for remote pilots increase exponentially, Mississippi State University has risen to fill the gap. MSU’s extensive work in remote sensing technologies provides students with opportunities to become leaders in ..... ReadMore

Lal G*, Shiv Lal, Choudhary MK and Chaudhary N

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.08.000279

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India is considered as “Bowl of Spices” from prehistoric period. Coriander is an annual seed spice crop, which belongs to family Apiaceae. It is native of Mediterranean region. The aromatic characters of plants are due to presence of linalool compound in essential oil of seeds. The green leaves of coriander are used in salads and are a good source of vitamin A and vitamin C. Major active constituents of coriander essential oils and fatty oil. The essential oil content of the weight of ripe and a dried fruit of coriander varies between 0.03 and 2.6% and the content of fatty oil varies between 9.9 and 27.7%. Coriander leave showed stronger antioxidant activity than the seeds. It lowered the blood sugar when added to the diet of diabetic patients. The anti-hyperglycemic ..... ReadMore

Mohammad Imad khrieba*

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.08.000277

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Mycorrhizae establish symbiotic relationships with plants and play an essential role in plant growth, disease protection, and overall soil quality. There are two main categories of Mycorrhizae relationships: Endomycorrhizal fungi (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) (AMF) form relationships with over 90% of plants (including turf grasses). Ectomycorrhizae fungi form relationships with only about 2% of plants, but some of them are quite common. In this scientific review, we will only talk about Endomycorrhizal. Mycorrhizae described in current scientific literature, the Endomycorrhizal the most abundant and widespread. The molecular basis of nutrient exchange between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and host plants is presented. The role of AM fungi in disease protection, Root colonisation by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) can improve plant..... ReadMore

Verdecia DM*, Torres E, Sánchez AR, Álvarez-PerdomoGR, Herrera RS, Ramirez JL, Paumier M, Bodas R, Giraldez FJ, Grizelj J and Lopez S

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.08.000276

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The present work was developed with the objective of evaluating the effect of the regrowth age on the chemical composition, digestibility and polyphenol content of the Jatropha curcas in an area of Cauto Valley. Was used piece of ground of Jatropha curcas with two years of establishment. A randomized block design with six replicas was used. The treatments were regrowth ages of 60, 120 and 180 days. At the beginning of each seasonal period a homogeneity cut was made at 1 m above the ground level. From there the sampling was carried out in 10 random plants eliminating the edge effect in an area of 0.5 ha, according to the treatments. The chemical composition of Jatropha curcas the dry matter content, DNF, ADF, ADL, increase with age with its best results at 180 days with 28.82; 51.53; 33.44 and 20.22%; while the CP and cellular content decr..... ReadMore

Bijan Azad

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.07.000272

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Soils are the largest organic carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems, the quantity of this pool is twice the amount of organic carbon in the atmosphere and three times more organic carbon than the biotic world [1]. Soils store an estimated 1500Pg organic carbon in the first meter of soil and 2500Pg of organic carbon to 2m; which is more organic carbon than is contained in the biotic world (500Pg of carbon) and twice as much organic carbon as the atmosphere (750Pg of carbon) [2]. Recently studies reported that any small changes in the soil organic carbon (SOC) will have a major impact on the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere as well as global warming. Therefore, soils have a prominent role in maintaining the balance of the global carbon..... ReadMore

Amarjit K Nath* and Meena Thakur

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.07.000270

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It has been projected as per United Nation that India’s population could surpass that of China’s around 2024, two years later than previously estimated and is projected to touch 1.5 billion in 2030. Because of it, India will have to face two major challenges, provide employment to youth and nutritive food in adequate quantity to people. Beekeeping industry can play an important role in addressing these challenges. Beekeeping is maintenance of honeybee colonies, commonly in manmade Beehives. According to the National Commission on Agriculture, India needs minimum 200 million honeybee colonies just to pollinate and increase productivity of 12 major crops which are self-sterile and need insect pollination. This will provide employment to 215 lakh people and produce 10 million tons..... ReadMore

Naggar Mustapha*, Lahssini Said and Moukrim Said

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.07.000269

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The general principles of forest management have been shown to be of application to forest ecosystems in such areas as the argan forest. Since the early 1990s, the practice of forest management has evolved to be more supportive of the multi-functionality of forest areas and the sustainability of their resources. It is a matter of reframing the interventions in the different management units through the adoption of “restorative” activities that enhance the resilience of these ecosystems. This paper proposes to explore the possibilities of developing a global system of knowledge and understanding of argan ecosystems. Mediterranean Forest Week in Agadir - Morocco (March 2017) for the restoration of forest ecosystems...... ReadMore

Silvina Golik, Adriana M Chamorro, Rodolfo Bezus, Andrea Pellegrini1, Bárbara Novillo and Axel Voisin

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.07.000268

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A trial was carried out with the objective of comparatively evaluating the ecological sustainability of four crop rotations under two managements. The rotations were: a. Oats/Soybeans 2º-Corn-Sunflower-Wheat, b. Barley/Soybeans 2º-Corn-Soybeans-Wheat, c. Oilseed rape/Soybeans 2º-Corn-Sorghum-Wheat and d. Wheat/Soybeans 2º-Corn-Soybeans-Wheat. The analyzed management were two: one is the “average management”, the other is a “management of greater use of inputs”. For the evaluation, five indicators were used: nutrient balance, contribution to soil organic matter, pesticide use impact, energy efficiency and water use efficiency. The rotation 2 was the one of greater sustainability under the two managements. The management of greater application of inputs improved sustainability mainly through better balance of nutrients despite ..... ReadMore

Dheyaa P Yousif *

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.07.000267

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Truffle is the most expensive mushroom in the world (its price is more expensive than ostriches). The truffle of manna and its healing of the eye). Truffles are high in price but poor food and livelihood. It is called turf, camphor, spaghetti, thyme, thunderbolt or thunder plant since this fungus grows after thunderstorms as it needs large quantities of nitrogen to grow and thunder provides rain water in quantities of nitrous acid which turns into nitric acid and thus provides the amount of nitrogen needed for truffle growth. Truffles produce many rainy seasons in lightning and thunder in relatively light soils. Truffle is a parasite that does not contain chlorophyll and does not process photosynthesis, but relies on vital residues in the soil. Truffles grow under the surface of the earth, which does not show any parts of it above the sur..... ReadMore

Gabriel Mikhail M Gonzales* and Bates M Bathan

DOI : 10.32474/CIACR.2019.07.000266

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The study analyzed the market acceptability of Mykovam, a biofertilizer developed by UPLB BIOTECH, among coconut farmers in San Pablo City, Laguna. It determined the coconut farmer’s level of knowledge of organic and chemical fertilizers and the level of acceptability on Mykovam and its attributes. Using multistage sampling, 83 coconut farmers were randomly selected from 15 barangays. Descriptive analysis and Likert scale rating analysis were used in the study. Results showed that more respondents were moderately and extremely knowledgeable on organic fertilizers than of chemical fertilizers. The seven Mykovam attributes, namely price, materials used, smell, packaging, label, ease of application and amount of application and its overall acceptability were found to be acceptable. The study recommended the improve..... ReadMore