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Etim EA, Adjekuko OC, Ahmadu BU,Nweke JN

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.04.000179

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Background/Objective: Hemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in our red blood cells, hemoglobin is made up of globin chains which are encoded by their respective genes located on chromosome 11 and16 with several alleles. Many of these alleles suffer point mutations in the DNA sequence that lead to single amino acid substitutions in the globin moiety, resulting in the production of abnormal hemoglobin polymorphism and which are associated with a wide range of moderate to severe hemolytic anemia in pregnant women. Therefore, this study aims to examine hemoglobin genotype polymorphism among gravidas women in Yola. Materials/Methods: 904 pregnant (i.e. gravida) women with age range of 18 to 41years in the antenatal ward of the hospital participated in this study and 2mls of venous blood were aseptically colle..... ReadMore

Claudia Lobelli Chandler, Manoelito Ferreira Silva Junior*, Maria da Conceição Pereira Pinto Solano and Isabelita Duarte Azevedo

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.04.000178

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Neonatal teeth are abnormalities in the chronology of eruption in which one or more teeth, which erupt during the first 30 days following birth and cause problems such as trauma-induced ulcers of the tongue, damage to the mother’s breasts, a reduction in the quality of breastfeeding, weight loss and even aspiration of the neonatal tooth. The removal or not of these teeth should be assessed on a case-by-case basis. The aim this article was to report the clinical management of two cases of neonatal teeth. The two female babies were attended in a pediatric dental clinic. The first patient was a 2-month-old baby that had difficulty during breastfeeding due to the mobility of one of the neonatal teeth. The clinical and radiographic exam showed that the three teeth were part of the normal dentition. The two mandibular te..... ReadMore

Abdullah Ali H Alzahrani*

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.04.000177

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Background: Dental anxiety (DA) has shown to be a complex concept associated with multiple factors including parents and children previous episodes of DA, poor oral health, avoidance of appointments, and unstable overall health. Thus, exploring this issue among Saudi children is highly important.Aim: This scoping study aims to review the nature of research conducted on dental anxiety among Saudi children and adolescents. Methods: Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology was used. Relevant cross-sectional studies, case reports, cohort studies, randomized and non-randomized control trials, systematic and scoping reviews published between 1900 and the end of January 2020 were extracted from MEDLINE via PubMed, MEDLINE via Voids, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus, and were assessed for their eligibility. Resul..... ReadMore

Dalila S Marques, Stella MF Lima* and Tatiana DPL Azevedo

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.04.000176

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Dental caries is a dynamic multifactorial disease, determined by sugar consumption and mediated by biofilm formation and activity that results in an imbalance between the processes of demineralization and remineralization of enamel. Untreated dental caries is the most prevalent oral diseases in the world and its treatment is one of the most expensive treatment. For these reasons, caries prevention must be mainly related to the control of sugar intake. Since 2002, some publications of WHO recommend the consumption of free sugars should be below 10% of the daily energy consumption. In 2015, they published a new guide for adults and children, with a strong recommendation that the consumption of these sugars should be reduced in all life cycles. In 2019, WHO published the “WHO Implementation Manual: Ending childhood dental caries”, part o..... ReadMore

Rasher Dan*, Thomas Thug and Peter Throb

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.03.000175

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“The way to reason with a predator is to make it aware that it can live in a cage, or it can die, but it can no longer prey upon us”. Litterae scientific has, over the last decade in particular, been the subject of escalating insult from a number of rogue elements; none more insidious than Periodicum pradatorius [1]...... ReadMore

Joycelyn O Eigbobo* and Sylvia S Etim

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.03.000174

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Aim: To assess the knowledge of school children on the first aid administered after traumatic tooth avulsion. Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from children of six primary and six secondary schools in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Information elicited included respondents’ socio-demographics, exposure to dental trauma and knowledge on emergency care for tooth avulsion. Data collected was analysed using SPSS Version 22 and level of significance was set at p <0.05.Results: There were 411pupils; 194 males and 217 females with a mean age of 12.5 (+2.6) years. One hundred and eighty-three (44.5%) had previous dental injuries. Three hundred and twenty-three (78.6%) would seek treatment in dental clinic after tooth avulsion. Only 16 (3.9%) would replace the tooth in its socket, 160 (38.9%) would take it to the denta..... ReadMore

Priyanka Arghode*, Prashant Babaji and Shashibhushan KK

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.03.000172

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The most common traumatic injury encountered in a pediatric dental set up is avulsion. Loss of permanent anterior teeth at a young age can have an impact on the psychological development of the child. Reimplantation if not possible, the anterior tooth can be restored with either removable or fixed prosthesis depending on the completion of the growth. To overcome the limitations of removable prosthesis temporary fixed prosthesis can be an option in restoring the esthetics and functions when growth is not completed. Maryland bridge is an ideal option as a fixed temporary prosthesis in such patients...... ReadMore

Satarupa Ghosal and Sayan Bhattacharyya

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.03.000170

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Early dental caries is a common devastating disease of early childhood but can be prevented easily by simple methods. It is more common in developing countries and poor socioeconomic status but can be found in all settings. Different bacteria interacting with host salivary molecules, play a role in the development and aggravation of these lesions. Newer techniques for diagnosis, bacterial isolation, as well as treatment are coming up. Clinicians and researchers should be abreast with new developments to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment of these cases...... ReadMore

Ozge Gogce, Secil Caliskan*, Nuray Tuloglu and Sule Bayrak

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.03.000169

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Oral and dental health is of vital importance in children with cardiovascular system disease. Congenital and acquired heart diseases make oral treatment complicate in children and increase the risk of infective endocarditis [1]. The dentists main aim in children with heart disease should be to prevent infective endocarditis, to maintain periodontal health and to ensure a well oral hygiene. In these children, medical history should be taken in detail before dental treatment. Consult with the pediatrician and inform about the condition of the disease and the drugs used recently. Consideration should be given, and antibiotic prophylaxis should be evaluated consultation to in the treatment planning of children with heart disease. In these children, dental treatments should be performed quickly and effectively, and family awareness should be g..... ReadMore

Nilotpol Kashyap*, Siraj DAA Khan, SJ Das, Brij Kumar, Manjula Das and Ashwini Dayma

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.03.000168

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Introduction- Dental caries is a multifactorial disease and is one of the most prevalent infectious disease that affects mankind. Young children present a unique risk for dental caries as their host-defense systems and bacterial flora are in the process of being developed and also because the newly erupted tooth surfaces are more susceptible to dental caries. Mothers are the persons who generally influence their children via their own food preferences. Hence the mother’s taste perception plays an important role in the development of dental caries in their children. The need of this study is to examine the association of mother’s taste perception to 6-n-propylthiouracil with caries prevalence in their young children as well as with other caries risk determinants such as mothers and their children’s oral hygiene practices. Material an..... ReadMore

Lawrence Kotlow DDS*

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000167

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The concept of thinking outside the box is no longer valid, we now need to create a new box. The volumes of research showing the merging of medicine and dentistry is growing rapidly and those who fail to grasp its importance will be left behind. Our primary goal in caring for newborn infants and babies should be to allow them to grow and develop to their maximum potential...... ReadMore

Valquíria Fortunato Ribeiro, Critina Lúcia Feijó Ortolani, Taís Pereira Leal, Hatsuo Kubo and Carolina Bruder*

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000166

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The anterior open bite is characterized by the negative vertical overhang occurring in the anterior region. It consists of a discrepancy in the vertical direction and is one of the malocclusions with greater aesthetic-functional impairment, besides dental and skeletal alterations. It has a high prevalence in the deciduous and mixed dentition and its etiology is multifactorial, highlighting the deleterious oral habits as the most prevalent. The objective of this study was to present the clinical case of a growing female patient presenting an anterior open bite associated with thumb sucking, by means of treatment with the functional orthopedic device Simões Network (SN3). During the first 12 months follow-up, we observed facial and intraoral oral changes and forward, the improvement of functional and c..... ReadMore

Mohammed Karimi*

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000165

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From the nutritional point of view, it has been proven that breast milk has many benefits for the baby, and it is advisable for all mothers to give their baby milk, and if possible do not replace that with the bottle. In other words, we can say that the sucking mechanism used during bottle-feeding is markedly different from that used during breast-feeding. The Federation of Orthodontists of France announced in a report that breastfeeding not only prevents allergies and gastrointestinal infections and overweight, it also promotes the regular growth of the baby’s face. Some of the researches prove this hypothesis...... ReadMore

Sherin Aly Hussein* and Arwa Namnakani

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000163

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Objectives: Treatment of pulpectomized primary molars with chronic infection using a mixture of three antibiotics: Metronidazole, Ciprofloxacin, and Doxycycline mixed with Macrogol or Propylene Glycol (modified 3MIX-MP) as an intracanal medicament before the complete cleaning and shaping and obturation.Study design: A 7 years old child with infected primary molar came to our clinic for treatment. A detailed medical history and drug allergy were taken. Ciprofloxacin (500mg), Metronidazole (500mg) and Doxycycline (100mg) tablets divided in the proportion of 1:3:3 (one part of Ciprofloxacin, three parts of Metronidazole, and three parts of Doxycycline) and mixed with propylene glycol to form an ointment. Biomechanical preparation was done. The modified 3MIX-MP paste placed in the pulp chamber then temporary filling. The patient..... ReadMore

Abeer Alghofaili, Rouba Mohammed Alhajris and Bina Kashyap*

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000162

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Beckwith – Wiedemann syndrome is congenital, genetic and epigenetic pathologies with low prevalence and diverse clinical presentations. It is characterized by triad of omphalocele, macroglossia and gigantism. This syndrome has been widely studied with a current emphasis on improvement of prenatal diagnostic techniques and a multidisciplinary approach towards treatment. We report a case of BWS from Saudi Arabia, with unique presentations and misleading history which delayed diagnosis, due to cultural and religion constraints...... ReadMore

Ana Ofelia Ivars

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000161

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Medical specialties have paid little attention to the teenage stage, including Dentistry. If to this we add the teen pregnancy trends due to economic, social or cultural circumstances, the results are young women with a high prevalence of caries, periodontal disease and early tooth loss. Objective: To detect teenagers at risk through different educational institutions such as churches, health centers, sports clubs, etc. Situation Analysis: The field study revealed a worrying number of adolescents who drop out of school or job due to pregnancy at a young age. Intervention Strategies: Three different levels of prevention were stablished a) Primary prevention: measures intended to prevent teenage pregnancy. b) Secondary prevention: measures adopted when there was evidence of an ongoing pregnancy. c) Tertiary prevention: mea..... ReadMore

Saleha Shah*

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000160

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This article provides an overall review of the indications and safety of paediatric dental procedures performed under general anaesthesia. This pharmacological management of children with anxiety, systemic health considerations and special needs in a controlled hospital setting facilitates the provision of safe and effective treatment with successful outcomes...... ReadMore

Rameshwari Raol*, Parth Joshi, Yasheshvini Raol and Monika Khoja

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000159

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Subluxation, also called central dislocation, is often the result of an axial impact in the apical direction, moving the tooth within the alveolar bone. This is perhaps one of the most traumatic injuries, since the displacement of a tooth within its socket implies extensive and acute involvement of the periodontal ligament, bone damage and rupture of the neurovascular bundle. The close relationship between the apexes of the primary teeth and the developing permanent successor in turn can lead to multiple complications, which are greater when the permanent tooth is affected in the early stages of development...... ReadMore

Mark Cannon* and John Peldyak

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000158

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The oral systemic health link has now become well recognized and numerous publications have discussed the importance of the oral microbiome in the overall health of any individual. This is likely even more important in children and this influences their future health as they mature. What is particularly interesting is that the microbiome of a child is developed prior to birth and is related to the maternal oral microbiome. Early intervention to the mother prior to the child’s birth, with proper sleep, exercise and dietary adjustments such as the limitation of added sugars and use of coconut oil, for example, will influence the developing child’s microbiome. Direct influence with the polyols xylitol and erythritol to reduce pathogens, and probiotics to boost levels of commensals would also be required. Due to the extent of oral disease..... ReadMore

Zahra Mohammadi, Zahra Mirzakhani, Shahrzad Zhaeentan*, Mohammad Farzin, Leila Zirak and Gholamreza Rastegar Nasab

DOI : 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2019.03.000157

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Tooth decay is the most common chronic childhood disease and the World Health Organization has identified it as a worldwide problem with 60-90% prevalence among school-age children. Dental caries is a topical contagious infectious disease that affects people of all ages and in any area of the world. Oral hygiene is a part of public health and oral and dental diseases affect different aspects of quality of life. DMFT is one of the indicators that the World Health Organization has introduced to determine the severity and prevalence of caries. One of the goals of the World Health Organization is to keep the DMFT index of students at less than 2. Different factors are effective in occurrence of dental and interdental caries that we discuss about them in this mini review...... ReadMore