Drug Designing & Intellectual Properties International Journal

Abdul M Gbaj*

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Venom of Cerastes cerastes has been extracted and its toxicity was investigated in the presence of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) fruit peels. The decline in the mean survival time of the male albino swiss mice were used to deduce the venom property in the presence and absence of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) fruit peels. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) fruit Peels significantly decrease the mean survival time compared to the venom alone. From these results it was evident that the toxicity of Cerastes cerastes venomis increased significantly in the presence of Citrus reticulata in a dose dependent manner.....ReadMore

Hira Baig*

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Dengue fever is a mosquito born disease. Biting of female mosquito transfer virus in to host through its tentacles and then it multiply, first when host defense mechanism strong it fights with phages after time they become resistant multiply and cause infection that cause dengue fever. Biology students gave their contribution in evaluation of understanding and their views relate to dengue fever. In Pakistan, upper Punjab suffered catastrophe of dengue fever. It was concluded that most subjects claimed mosquito infection was viral, also people claimed it never treated with surgery. Some people understood it can be treated by specific type of medicine, it also not metabolic disease......ReadMore

Gopal Dixit*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.02.000148

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Ethnomedicine is an area of research that deals with medicines derived from plants, animals and minerals etc. and used in the treatment of different human and veterinary ailments. Ethnomedicines includes indigenous beliefs, concepts, knowledge and practices among the ethnic groups, folk people and rural people for preventing, minimizing or curing various diseases. For this purpose, human groups around the world utilized the biological and cultural resources in their own way to develop resistance to combat different diseases, illness and health hazards arising from different pathogens and agents......ReadMore

Md Nur Kabidul Azam and Md Nasir Ahmed*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.02.000147

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The Authors of this article has been working on ethnopharmacoloy and natural product science for the last one decade. They have been involved with several ethnic and traditional medication system development projects and also achieved recognitions in the medicinal plant sector of Bangladesh. Recently they have raised their interests on Nutrigenomics to introduce the “Personalized Nutrition” aiming to evolve the health maintenance in Bangladesh. The goal of this paper is to discuss opportunities and challenges for the next generation medicine in Bangladesh......ReadMore

Pervin Deveci*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.02.000146

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Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted extensive attention as efficient drug delivery carriers on account of its adjustable pore size, specific surface area, stability, and good biocompatibility. This review summarizes the recent advances on the application of gated MSNs for controlled drug delivery. These advanced technologies demonstrate current challenges and provide a bright future for precision of cancer treatment......ReadMore

Isak R Shaikh* and Alamgir A Shaikh

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000145

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Historical records show that scientific advancements accounted for substantial changes in our life-style and wellbeing. The Industrial Revolution took place in the western countries in the 1700s when people first appreciated the terms ‘science’ and ‘technology’ and valued the applications of ‘technological innovations’ for their commercialization......ReadMore

François-Xavier Lacasse*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000144

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The author of this short communication has been working in and teaching drug development for the last 20 years. He has been involved in more than 100 drug development projects, including drug delivery, medical device, biologics, innovators and generic drugs. He has also been involved in all the steps that are needed to file properly to different governmental agencies investigational new drug applications (IND), clinical trial applications (CTA), abbreviated and new drug applications/submissions (ANDAS; NDA/S), 505b2, 510k and biologics legal applications (BLA)......ReadMore

Amit Gosar, Hussain Sayyed and Tabrez Shaikh*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000143

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The present work is based on a assess analysis of the literature in order to define the genotoxic impurities present in the drug substances and drug products. Starting from the definition of genotoxic impurities, sources of genotoxic impurities, their generation and classification based on their toxicity. The article also explains the various regulatory guidelines to control the genotoxic impurities in drug substances. Isolation, qualification of impurity and its identification along with quantification by the various analytical methods is also described in this review article......ReadMore

Benjamín Ruiz Loyola*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000142

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In all animal species competition between individuals is presented to obtain mainly food and reproduction; When there are not enough satisfiers, there are disputes that usually stop when there is a winner, without individuals dying. The defeated one retires, and the winner is satisfied with the victory and, eventually, with the dominion over the rest of the group, which implies that he will eat and mate before the others. So far, animals do not have too much trouble. But the human is a very special animal, because he has a memory......ReadMore

Amani Mohsen* and Rabih Chahine

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000141

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Once Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is diagnosed, risk profile of the patient will impact its management whether there was a previous thrombotic event or not, association with other autoimmune disorders, presence of other obstetrical complications as well as being currently pregnant. The current recommended regimen for preventing obstetrical complications. The current recommended regimen for preventing obstetrical complications includes low molecular weight Heparin and low dose aspirin. This regimen decreases the risk of miscarriage by only 54%. Here, we will review the studies that evaluated adding Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) to the treatment of APS and how effective it would be......ReadMore

A Krishna Sailaja*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000140

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Splendid achievements have been made in management of disease through invention of drugs over past decade. The present conventional drug delivery systems often have side-effects and complications due to their wide distribution throughout the body fluids. The localization of drug action in injured tissue is a promising way to solve this problem. The objective of drug targeting is to achieve a desired pharmacological response at a selected site without undesirable interaction at other sites. This is especially important in cancer chemotherapy and rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Recently invention of drugs has been generated by various drug delivery systems like microspheres, liposomes, noisomes, nanocapsules and nanoparticles. Among all colloidal drug carriers’ nanoparticles are gaining more popularity b.....ReadMore

Hossam Mohammed Gomaa* and Ahmed Hatim Hamdy EL-Dosokey

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000139

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Some of iron bismuth borate oxide glasses were prepared to form a series of glass samples contain a constant and a fixed amount of Fe2O3 whereas the B2O3 was replaced by Bi2O3, according to the formula 20 mol % Fe2O3–(15 + x) mol % Bi2O3–(65–x) mol % B2O3, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 20. The X-ray diffraction and FTIR Spectra showed formation of homogenous short-range order structures. The values of the refractive index were estimated using both FTIR date room temperature dialectic measurements are in a good agreement with each other. It is clear that the ε increased with the increasing of Bi2O3 content......ReadMore

Isaac John Umaru*, Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmed, Hauwa A Umaru, Kerenhappuch I Umaru and Benedict Samling

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000138

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A review of Barringtonia asiatica considered to be a mangrove associated species is made to update its Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties which is claimed to be a broad-spectrum medicinal property. Barringtonia asiatica was commonly used in various country of the world for treatment of liver disorder, diarrheal disease, eye disease, as well as antifungal and antibacterial, as well as chest pains and heart troubles. It was also considered a fish killer; this has been identified as a source of Natural products with potentials as an antitumor. The aim of the present review is to provide detailed information regarding geographical distribution, phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of this plant......ReadMore

Robert Skopec*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000137

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State Department evacuates a number of Americans from the U.S. consulate in Guangzhou, China after they experienced unexplained health issues. A group of U.S. diplomats stationed in China have been brought back to the states after being inflicted by a mystery illness that reportedly resembles the brain injuries previously suffered by staff in Cuba. Heather Nauert, a State Department spokeswoman, said in a statement that the individuals from the U.S. office in Guangzhou were returned home for further evaluation. It was unclear if there was any connection to last year’s situation in Cuba where 24 US government employees experienced a range of ailments after hearing an unusual sound......ReadMore

Nahd Mohamed Elmaki, Inass A Al Sadawi, Anton Hermann and Abdul M Gbaj*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000136

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Molecular modeling attempts to study the function, structure and inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme due to the fact that the inhibition of this enzyme is importance to medical conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, myasthenia gravis and Parkinson’s disease, and it is also important in eminent toxicological susceptibility to nerve agents. In this study we present an approach for forecasting the inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors by using docking studies. The docking studies were done on acetylcholinesterase to attain the conformation of the enzyme in water surroundings. The obtained conformation of the enzyme was used for docking with four inhibitors (physostigmine, neostigmine, pyridostigmine and rivastigmine). Docking analysis showed that hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactio.....ReadMore

Kapoor D*, Vyas RB and Dadrwal D

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000135

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Ionic liquids considered to be a reasonably current magical chemical due their unique properties, have a large variety of applications in all areas of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The areas of application consist electrolyte in batteries, lubricants, plasticizers, solvents and catalysis in synthesis, matrices for mass spectroscopy, solvents to manufacture nano-materials, extraction, gas absorption agents, etc. Non-volatility and nonflammability are their widespread characteristics giving them a beneficial edge in a variety of applications. Ionic liquids can be considered as green solvents due to their very low vapor pressure and wide range of applications with unique physical and chemical properties. Ionic liquids use for clean and efficient energy, through the development of a broad swath of energ.....ReadMore

Cauê Benito Scarim and Chung Man Chin*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000134

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Chagas disease is a protozoan infection which was first identified more than one hundred years ago. But even now, drugs to treat the latent and chronic phases of the disease are not available. The success of a drug design is highly dependent on activity and toxicity. In the case of Chagas disease, questions remain as to identifying the best treatment (mainly for the chronic phase), and how new drugs and drug combinations compare to current therapy. The principal priority of this mini-review is to report the enormous difficulty that pharmaceutical chemists encounter in the development of new drugs for neglected tropical infectious diseases, in this case Chagas disease......ReadMore

Kholmuradova Mushtariy*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000133

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Name of drugs are analyzed in the represented article “Kutadgu bilig”. Lexical units of medical concepts are widely investigated by the works of Yusuf Khos Khojib including human body part, health, temper, and eating habits. The importance of medical terms, and medical viewpoints are enlightened of our nowadays medicine......ReadMore

Debarshi Kar Mahapatra*, Mohamad Taleuzzaman, Santosh S Chhajed

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000132

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The irrational use of antimicrobial agents for several decades has led to the drug-resistance among the patient population. Overcoming the present drug-resistance is a major challenge for modern day scientists. In order to counter this problem, several approaches have been utilized, one of which involve drug design and discovery, where new classes or unexplored chemical moieties are explored for a particular activity, either serendipitously or quite rationally. Learning lessons from the previously synthesized four compounds (Part-I of Research), we have now (Part-II of Research) designed two compounds (3 and 5) by incorporating an additional 4-(2-aminoethyl) aniline group in the fabricated isoindoline-1,3-dione scaffold by successive synthetic step utilizing similar protocol and screened them against the abo.....ReadMore

Isaac John Umaru*, Chinedu Imo, Kayode Arowora, Silas Verwiyah Tatah and Hauwa A Umaru

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.02.000131

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Essential oils are liquid mixture of volatile compound obtained from aromatic plants. It was observed that many essential oils have antioxidant properties and can present antimicrobial activities. The Aim of the present study were: a) to determine the cytotoxicity lethality of the leafs and stem-bark of Barringtonia asiatica using brine shrimp (Artimia salina). b) to evaluate the antioxidant potential of composition of the leaf and stem-bark essential oil using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay. The essential oil exhibited a mild toxicity and significant IC50 of 36.55μg/mL and 22.10μg/mL value of antioxidant potential leaf and stem-bark of Barringtonia asiatica respectively......ReadMore