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Hasmik Nver Khachatryan* , LA Bichakhchyan, HV Gasparyan and HS Attarya

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2021.04.000178

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The directed modification of biologically active substances is one of the main approaches to molecular design and is an urgent problem in medicinal chemistry. The presence of free amino groups in the chitosan molecule makes it possible to synthesize various classes of chitosans, which exhibit increased activity compared to the original chitosan. The traditional methods for modifying chitosans based on covalent bonding formation with chemical groups, which is usually difficult to perform compared to quaternization. Since both chitosan and pyrazoles exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities, the aim of this work is to synthesize 4-nitro-3(5)- pyrazole carboxylic acids and to study their anti-burn activity based on prepared quaternary ammonium salts......ReadMore

Abdel Haleem M Hussein*, Abu-Bakr AM El-Adasy, Ahmed AM El-Shareef, and Ahmed A Khames

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2021.04.000177

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New series of pyrimidine, pyridine and thiophene derivatives were prepared by reaction of appropriate 3-oxobutanamides with urea, thiourea, active methylene compounds, arylidines, salicyaldehyde, chalcones, benzyl isothiocyanate and aminopyrazoles. Compounds 2a, 3a, 3c and 9 show activity against some bacterial species, whereas, no activity was observed for compounds 3b, 4, 5, 7e, 7f, 10 and 11 against all bacterial species.....ReadMore

Raghavendra Kumar Gunda*, Prasada Rao Manchineni and Rajini Sudireddy

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2021.04.000176

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The main objective of the current work is to study the effect of super disintegrants in combination for the drug release of Tolvaptan. HCl by developing Fast Disintegrating Tablets (FDT). Tolvaptan. HCl, a newer aquaretic sorvaptan. It mainly used for the effective management of Hyponatremia associated with Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti Diuretic Hormone (SIDAH). Mouth dissolving formulations of Tolvaptan. HCl were prepared using different quantities of Kollidon & Primellose employed as Superdisintegrants by Direct Compression technique. Amount of super disintegrants need to get desired drug release was labeled as factors. Disintegration time, wetting time, times taken for dissolution were labeled as responses. Nine trials were formulated as per 32 factorial design and characterized for quality control parameters. Data obtained from.....ReadMore

Snehasis Jana*, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton and Dahryn Trivedi

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2021.03.000175

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Flutamide is used to treat prostate cancer, which acts by blocking the action of exogenous testosterone binding through its androgen receptor. This study was designed and performed to investigate the impact of the Trivedi Effect® -Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the structural properties and the isotopic abundance ratio of flutamide using LC-MS and GC-MS spectroscopy. Flutamide sample was divided into control and treated parts. Only the treated flutamide received the Trivedi Effect® -Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by a famous Biofield Energy Healer, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi. The LC-MS spectra of both the samples at Retention time (Rt ) ~3.4 minutes exhibited the mass of the deprotonated molecular ion peak at m/z 275 [M-H]-. The peak area of the Biofield Energy Treated flutamide was significantly increas.....ReadMore

Sameer Shakur Shaikh*, Abdul Haque Bamer, Prasad Govindrao Jamkhande, Abdul samad and Quadri Mohammad Shoeb4

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2021.03.000174

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More than half of the world’s population relies on traditional medicine and the main role of traditional medicine including the use of plant extract and their active constituents. Among them Adiantum capillus veneris Linn. A small size wooden herb plant of the family Adiantaceae commonly called Parsioshan, Hansraj, Maidenhair fern, and Ghodkhuri. The plant has leaves, stem, and root that have been reported for possessing antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-diabetic, antipyretic, wound healing action and it is contraindicated in pregnancy due to its anti-implantation effect. It is most common in the treatment of hair fall and skin disease. The screening of phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, and reducing sugars. The present revi.....ReadMore

Seungbeom Lee*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2021.03.000172

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Recently, noncanonical roles of Multi-tRNA Synthetase Complex (MSC) proteins including Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase Interacting Multifunctional Proteins (AIMPs) have been revealed and served as a chance to develop novel therapeutics with their unique mechanisms. The disease specific splicing variant of AIMP2 (AIMP2-DX2) has recently been considered a novel promising therapeutic target in several cancers. However, few studies on developing small molecule inhibitors of AIMP2-DX2 have been reported. In this paper, the brief summary for AIMP2-DX2 as a medicinal chemistry target, has been demonstrated......ReadMore

Desoky ASSa*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2020.03.000169

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The present study was carried out in the newly established animal production farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, in order to survey the mite species inhabiting manure and dung hills. The study showed the occurrence of six species of mites (i.e., Macrocheles solimani Hafez, El-Badry & Nasr, 1985; Macrocheles merdarius (Berlese, 1889); Uropodiaspis aegyptiacusAhmed, 1984; Siteroptes manure Soliman & Kandeel, 1986; Histiostoma arcuatus Negm, 2007 and Hormosianoetus mahunkai Eraky & Shoker, 1993. The checklist reported 120 mite species pertaining to 18 families and 53 genera. Interestingly, the largest diversities of mite species were recorded to the Mesostigmata (50 species) and the Acaridida (45 species). Therefore, it is clear that, there are large numbers of mite pests (Acaridida species) inhabiting manure in Egypt.....ReadMore

Raghavendra Kumar Gunda* and Prasad Rao Manchineni

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2020.03.000166

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The purpose of present investigation to study the effect of various superdisintegrants on the dissolution characteristics of Lamotrigine by formulating oral disintegrating tablets (ODT). Lamotrigine, an antiepileptic agent, belongs to type –II as per Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) exerts Low aqueous solubility and high permeability behavior. ODT formulations of Lamotrigine were prepared using different quantities of Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) & Crospovidone (CP) employed as Superdisintegrants by Direct Compression technique as per 32 Factorial Design. Nine trials were formulated by considering amount of Crospovidone (X1), amount of SSG (X2) as Independent variables. The developed Formulations were evaluated for Pharmaceutical Product Performance. The t10%, t50%, t90%, Wetting time, Disintegration time were taken .....ReadMore

Shah Murad

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2020.03.000165

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High plasma lipids interact with free radicals in human body leading to develop coronary artery disease. We in this study have compared hypolipidemic effects of Fenugreek, Curcuma longa, and Lemon. Study was conducted at Jinnah Hospital Lahore-Pakistan from January 2016 to May 2016. Ninety hyperlipidemic patients of age group 19 to 70 were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were diabetic, alcoholic additives, hypertensive patients and those whose kidney or liver functions were impaired. Consent was taken from all participants. Their base line lipid profile was taken in biochemistry laboratory of the hospital. They were divided in three groups i.e. 30 patients in each group. Group-I was advised to take 500 mg of Curcuma longa (haldi) mixed in fresh milk without cream, thrice daily for two months. Group-II patients w.....ReadMore

Injamamul Haque*,

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2020.03.000164

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The main aim and objective of present research work is to evaluate and compare the standards concerning quality of generic and two branded antihypertensive drug (atenolol). The drugs are evaluated and results showed that branded and generic meet the pharmacopeial specifications. All tablets passed for the test of weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, disintegration, dissolution, as per pharmacopoeia. Hence, we can say that branded and non-branded drugs of antihypertensive are equal. So, health care professionals are suggested to prescribe generic drugs so that everyone can reach the coast of drugs and maintain health......ReadMore

Jagessar*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2020.02.000163

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Mankind first medicines were extracts from plants. However, over the years, mankind has resorted to the use of synthetic medicines. Whilst, synthetic medicines have fulfilled their roles and save millions of people around the globe, there is still a need to promote the use of herbal medicines, considering that synthetic medicines have severe side effects when administered and the cost of synthesising drugs, is an expensive endeavors for developing countries like Guyana. Guyana has an adundant of diverse flora, whose extracts have been shown by us and others to have potent and selective antimicrobial activities and antidiabetic activities. However, there is a need to promote the isolation of antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anti-cancer drugs from plants, an elucidation of their structure and modulation of their medicinal activities. T.....ReadMore

Mirta D’ Ambra*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2020.03.000162

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There are medicines registered as such-and subject to the legislation of pharmaceutical specialties-and products that, without being registered as medicines, are sold and actively promoted, giving them medicinal virtues.Among the medications it is necessary to distinguish those of prescription or prescription sale, of those without prescription or over the counter (over the counter or OTC counter medications in Anglo-Saxon terminology). On these there is the wrong an installed assumption among the general public, which considers “over-the-counter” medicines safe. All medications without exception, used in excessive doses or for too long periods, in situations where they would not be indicated, can cause side effects, collateral, undesirable or adverse effects, generate in.....ReadMore

Jagessar RC*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.03.000161

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Insecticides are a group of compounds with heterogenous toxicity, whose intended purpose is to kills insects. Synthetic insecticides are known for their very harmful environmental and health impacts. This therefore generates a need for a safer solution. Botanicals are a special group of insecticides with a natural origin, obtained primarily from plant parts. There is a continued interest to screen plants for their insecticidal activities in light of the great destruction done to crops that affect the livelihood of the populace worldwide, especially in countries, whose GDP depends primarily on agriculture. Guyana, a country on the mainland of South America is no exception. Agricultural produce is now threaten by emerging new species of insect pests, such as in the rice Insecticides are a group of compounds with heterogenous toxicity, who.....ReadMore

Oludare Temitope Osuntokun, Thonda Oluwakemi Abike and Adeleye Bukola Mary

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.03.000159

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Water quality and treatment is becoming of great concern, especially in developing country like Nigeria where water quality is poor and not properly treated. It is in this light that this research was carried out to confirm the effectiveness of powdered extracted from matured dried Moringaoleifera seed which is commonly available in most rural communities in Nigeria and Tamarindus indica seed which is mostly available in the Northern part of Nigeria. The aim of this study is to determine the physiochemical properties, microbial load, and effectiveness of the natural coagulant (Moringaoleifera and Tamarindus indica seed extracts) on the collected water samples. Seed extracts were prepared and pour plate techniques was carried out to determine the microbial load before and after introduction of the seed extracts, colonial and biochemical ch.....ReadMore

Oludare Temitope Osuntokun, Thonda Oluwakemi Abike and Adeleye Bukola Mary

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.03.000159

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Abstract: Water quality and treatment is becoming of great concern, especially in developing country like Nigeria where water quality is poor and not properly treated. It is in this light that this research was carried out to confirm the effectiveness of powdered extracted from matured dried Moringa oleifera seed which is commonly available in most rural communities in Nigeria and Tamarindus indica seed which is mostly available in the Northern part of Nigeria. The aim of this study is to determine the physiochemical properties, microbial load, and effectiveness of the natural coagulant (Moringa oleifera and Tamarindus indica seed extracts) on the collected water samples. Seed extracts were prepared and pour plate techniques was carried out to determine the microbial load before and after introduction of the seed extracts, colonial and bi.....ReadMore

Ívina Paula de Souza*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.03.000157

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The accidental discovery of cisplatin, cis-diaminodichloroplatinum (II), by Rosenberg and Van Camp in 1969, as a chemotherapeutic agent opened a new perspective by including metal complexes as possible antitumor agents [1,2]. Cisplatin was approved in the medical clinic, by Food and Drug Administration of the United States in 1978, and its importance in the treatment of various types of cancer, such as testicular, ovarian and pulmonary carcinoma is unequivocal [3,4]. However, the use of cisplatin has shown some limitations, such as the appearance of side effects, low solubility in water, and, especially, the development of cellular resistance [5,6]. The limitations in the treatment of neoplasic diseases with cisplatin have encouraged diverse research groups in the pursuit of other metal complexes, which should be more active and less toxi.....ReadMore

Abdul Kader Mohiuddin*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.03.000156

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According to World Bank publication Disease Control Priorities: Improving Health and Reducing Poverty (3rd edition, 2017), nearly 20% total health expenditure globally came from out-of-pocket payments in 2014. The same was nearly 40% total health expenditure for low-income countries, 56% for lower-middle-income countries, and 30% for upper-middle-income countries (WHO, 2016). One third of the world’s population lacks timely access to quality-assured medicines while estimates indicate that at least 10% of medicine in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are substandard or falsified, costing approximately US$ 31 billion annually (Global Health, 2018). Surprisingly, 80% of global cardiovascular deaths occur in LMICs which is (partly) due to the lack of access to healthcare including skilled human resources, equipped facilities and medi.....ReadMore

Yuri S Pestovsky* and Agustino Martínez-Antonio

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.03.000155

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Alginate is a natural polysaccharide that is widely used as a component of pharmaceuticals and in food industry. Alginate particles can be used for encapsulation of substances with the necessity of prolonged release. They can also provide appropriate microenvironment for cells. Here the methods of the synthesis of alginate beads, micro- and nanoparticles are reviewed with special attention to the calcium alginate ones. The results from publications that did not deal with alginate particles but, to our opinion, could be applied in this field are also included in order to give an outline for possible future research. The suggested applications of the particles are mentioned as well. The two main methods for the synthesis of calcium alginate particles are internal and external gelation, but the external gelation techniques.....ReadMore

Teodora E Harsa*, Alexandra M Harsa and Mircea V Diudea

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.03.000154

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Serotonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine, represents a class of monoamine neurontransmitters, all of which having a chemical template comprised of a basic amino group separated from an aromatic nucleus by a two-carbon aliphatic chain. In this paper we present a docking study on serotonin targeting the proteins 3ADX and 2YX8, respectively, performed by AutoDock Vina. A set of thirty-five serotonins, downloaded from PubChem, was modeled, within the hypermolecule strategy; the predicted activity was LD50 and prediction was done on similarity clusters with the leaders chosen as the best docked ligands on the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. It was concluded that LD50 of the studied serotonins is not directly influenced by their binding energies to the target proteins......ReadMore

Mohamed A Gbaj, Inass A Sadawe, Nisreen H Meiqal, Salah M Bensaber, Massaud Salem Maamar, Anton Hermann and Abdul M Gbaj*

DOI : 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2019.03.000153

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Venom of Cerastes cerastes has been extracted and its toxicity was investigated in the presence of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) fruit peels. The decline in the mean survival time of the male albino swiss mice were used to deduce the venom property in the presence and absence of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) fruit peels. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) fruit Peels significantly decrease the mean survival time compared to the venom alone. From these results it was evident that the toxicity of Cerastes cerastes venomis increased significantly in the presence of Citrus reticulata in a dose dependent manner.....ReadMore