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Wan Yeon Lee

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2020.01.000126

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Blockchain and smart contract technologies were recently introduced. Due to their short histories, many issues have emerged but are not solved yet. In this article, we summarize the currently concentrated issues under developing with regards to smart contracts: vulnerability and cost optimization. We introduce other issues never considered but essential for successful commercialization of the smart contract technology. Also, we verify that the optimized code of smart contracts can significantly save transactions costs. Finally, we address that the cost-optimized design is affected by the platform type of blockchain systems. So, the vulnerability and cost analysis of smart contracts must consider the blockchain platform to be deployed...... ReadMore

Farhan Alta F

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2020.01.000125

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This research work figures out the permanence of downlink LTE (Long Term Evolution) applying System Level Simulator [1]. The outcomes retrieved are related to the sector throughput and BLER (Block Error Rate), the user throughput and the interrelated CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) while entire simulation process. The main focus is based on the throughput versus the UDO and Rb. The synopsis applied gone into two antenna pattern, two system bandwidths, three packet tabulating plans and various account of users in the cell. To encounter the users speed on the system permanence is additionally estimated. The radio situation and status is sculpted in aforementioned simulator depicting that the outcomes retrieved might be gone into as a first steps in confining an LTE network for markets. The system is modeled according to commercial aspects o..... ReadMore

Behzad Soleimani Neysiani* and Seyed Morteza Babamir

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000123

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Duplicate bug report detection (DBRD) is one of the significant problems of software triage systems, which receive end-user bug reports. DBRD needs automation using artificial intelligence techniques like information retrieval, natural language processing, text and data mining, and machine learning. There are two models of duplicate detection as follows: The first model uses machine learning techniques to learn the features of duplication between pairs of bug reports. The second model called IR-based that use a similarity metric like REP or BM25F to rank top-k bug reports that are similar to a target bug report. The IR-based approach has identical behavior like the k-nearest neighborhood algorithm of machine learning. This study reviews a decade of duplicate detection techniques and their pros and cons. Besides, the metrics of their..... ReadMore

Jims Marchang*, Jing Wang, Abayomi Otebolaku, Timi Enamamu, Daniel Porter and Benjamin Sanders

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000121

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The popularity of data storage in cloud servers is getting more and more favored in recent times. Its ease of storage, availability and synchronization of personalized cloud file storage using client applications made cloud storage more popular than ever. In cloud storage system, using a basic authentication method like username and password are still one of the most popular forms of authentication. However, the security ensure by such traditional authentication method is weak and vulnerable because the username and password can be compromised by intruders or the user account can be left open by forgetting to logoff in public computers, leading to exposure of information to unauthorized users and hackers. In recent years, using a two-factor authentication has become a trend throughout network-base..... ReadMore

Ian Pyle

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000120

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HUW was designed in 1965, to provide interactive facilities for computer users at A.E.R.E. Harwell, England. The paper explains the thinking behind the design decision underlying HUW, with their implications for users and for the performance of the system. It reflects on the consequences of these decisions for users and the establishment. HUW was retired in 1982..... ReadMore

Chi Tran*

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000118

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On the one hand, we recognize the real world using usually intuitive perceptions through physical experiments and intuitive perception processing based on binary philosophy. However, physical quantum phenomenon indicates that each photon transfers in the way not agreement with the soul of binary philosophy. That is to say that we cannot use intuitive perception based on binary philosophy to understand the quantum world of subatomic transmitted with the light speed. On the other hand, the simultaneous appearance of two intuitive perceptions: ‘being’ and ‘non-being’ at the same time in the human brain, according to Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831), created a counterintuitive perception expressed by rather meta language, ‘being-nonbeing’ that goes beyond the boundaries of the description of a common language..... ReadMore

Morteza Kiadi, Qing Tan* and José R Villar

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000116

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Finding the shortest path to reach a destination in an indoor environment is so important that it is deemed as one of the fundamental and classical topics of Reinforcement Learning. Identifying the best path to reach a destination in a maze has been used as a testbed to learn and simulate Reinforcement Learning algorithms. In this paper, we developed a faster pathfinding model by optimization of the Markov decision-making process and tweaking the model’s hyper-parameters. The proposed method allows researchers to use the suggested optimized model in bigger state spaces. The presented results assist the researchers in this field to get a better idea of the Reinforcement Learning tenets and contributes to Reinforcement Learning community by making this topic more accessible. The problem we are going to solve it in the context of finding t..... ReadMore

Chunshien Li*

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000115

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Prediction of time series is one of major research subjects in data science. This paper proposes a novel approach to the problem of multiple-target prediction. The proposed approach is mainly composed of three parts: the complex neuro-fuzzy system (CNFS) built by using complex fuzzy sets, the two-stage feature selection method for multiple targets, and the hybrid machine learning method that uses the multi-swarm continuous ant colony optimization (MCACO) and the recursive least squares estimation (RLSE). The CNFS predictive model is responsible for prediction after training. During the training of the model, the parameters are updated by the MCACO method and the RLSE method where the two methods work cooperatively to become one machine learning procedure. For the predictive model, complex fuzzy sets (CFS..... ReadMore

Kornyushkin A*

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000114

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A large (apparently, infinite!) number of internal symmetries of the lattice ZN is identified. Their presence stems from one interesting observation. It concerns Cellular Automation. If we take a secondorder reversible Automata [1] in its simplest version (the so-called Fredkin’s Simplified Automata whose behaviour depends solely on the shape of a certain neighbourhood in ZN), and run it under two certain conditions (arbitrary and arbitrary -”transliterated”), then they will continue going completely “symmetrical”, all the way, from the Point of Origin to the Point of the Mirror...... ReadMore

Akman O*

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000113

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Let Y (∈Ω) = p�. It was Tate who first asked whether associative functors can be extended. We show that N is homeomorphic to ν. In [1-3], the main result was the computation of completely composite elements. In [4], the authors extended Euclidean, n-Riemannian planes...... ReadMore

AS Molyakov*

DOI : 10.32474/CTCSA.2019.01.000112

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The author describes a new multi-tier supercomputer architecture based on non-classical operating principles and implements the MTDF architecture with support for 8 processor control modes for optimizing productivity, security and power consumption...... ReadMore

Xinzhou Wei* and Astrid Frank

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As a very import part of the Internet of Things (IoT), smart buildings usually consist of wireless sensor network (WSN) and many radio-frequency identification devices for data collection instantly. This paper presents a real time data collection and visualization scheme for smart buildings. We propose a framework that uses both open source hardware and software to collect the event driven data from a WSN and subsequently convert them to the query-based data which is needed by cloud server. Experiment results demonstrated that the proposed framework is feasible for efficiently visualizing data locally and preparing query-based data for cloud storage server...... ReadMore

Fasidi FO and Adebayo OT*

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Since the number of damage cases resulting from distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks has recently been increasing, the need for agile detection and appropriate response mechanisms against DDoS attacks has also been increasing. The latest DDoS attack has the property of swift propagation speed and various attack patterns. There is therefore a need to create a lighter mechanism to detect and respond to such new and transformed types of attacks with greater speed. In a wireless network system, the security is a main concern for a user...... ReadMore

Alamgir Naushad*

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Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a well known and prominent Internet Protocol (IP) for network routing. By deploying a link state routing (LSR) algorithm OSPF comes under the category of interior gateway routing protocols. In today’s wireless ad hoc Internet, the current routing domain needs to maintain a peak level of service accessibility and availability, thus OSPF must be extended to the wireless ad hoc network for maximizing routing performance in the network by taking into account key routing issues, i.e., optimal Hello Interval, efficient flooding schemes, optimizing the traffic engineering related issues, optimum adjacency creations, connectivity factors, reducing control overhead, and QoS and security challenges. In addition, OSPF is very effective in its adoption of handling the n..... ReadMore

Faisal Salah*

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The aim of this work is to obtain the numerical solutions for the boundary layer flow of heat transfer of incompressible viscous fluid. The governing partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equation by using a similarity transformation. The nonlinear equation governing the flow problem is modeled and then solved numerically by means of a successive linearization method (SLM). The numerical results are derived in tables for comparisons. The important result of this comparison is to show the high precision of the SLM in solving system of nonlinear differential equations. Graphical outcomes of various parameters such as Prandtl number (Pr) and Eckert number (Ec) on the flow, field are discussed and analyzed. Besides this the present results have been tested and compared with the available published results in ..... ReadMore

Selda Calkavur

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This paper presents an image secret sharing method based on Shamir secret sharing method. We use the matrix projection to construct secret sharing scheme. A secret image to be divided as n image shares such that: i) Any k image shares (k ≤n) can be used to reconstruct the secret image in lossless manner and ii) Any (k-1) or fewer image shares cannot get sufficient information too reveal the secret image. It is an effective, reliable and secure method to prevent the secret image from being lost, stolen and corrupted. In comparison with other image secret sharing method this approach’s advantages are its strong protection of the secret image and its ability for real time processing..... ReadMore

Kexiang Xu ay

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For a graph G, the second Zagreb eccentricity index E2(G) and eccentric connectivity index ()cG∈ are two eccentricity-based invariants of graph G. In this paper we prove some results on the comparison between 2()EGm and ()cGnξ of connected graphs G of order n and with m edges..... ReadMore

Ajay Rana

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Computer science has contributed a lot for making the life of human being smooth. The recent developments in the field of computer science are proven to be more smarter and more applicable structures result from marrying the learning capability of the applications with the transparency and accuracy. Foundations of computer science applications highlights the advantages of integration making it a valuable resource for the students and researchers in engineering, computer science and applied mathematics. The authors’ tried to lime light various applications that are an asset to industrial practitioners, corporates, academicians and professionals for control systems, data analysis and optimization tasks. With the continuous improvisation in the computer science applications the need of the young generation is fulfilled, a..... ReadMore

Gunnar Wolf *

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Privacy in the age of pervasive computing and networking is a very hard topic to fully grasp. Any serious attempt at discussing it must take many different angles into account. User interactions grow richer month after month, and due to Big Data techniques, more information about each individual is known to third parties than to the person in question themselves; this is illustrated in the concept of inverse privacy [4]. What is a user to do to keep at least a basic expectation of privacy? Due to the pervasive analysis, a user can only expect their actions to remain private by becoming anonymous-By incorporating into their everyday activities Privacy Enhancement Technologies (PETs) that avoid each of their actions to be linked into a wide-encompassing profile. ..... ReadMore

Mohammad Hossein Barkhordari

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Over the past decade the amount of transactions and reported frauds on Automated Teller Machines (ATM) has significantly increased. Various types of frauds have been reported around misusing ATM cards and many methods have been deployed to detect and prevent them. In some countries, banks sell ATMs to investors under predefined circumstances and pay them in commission in order to increase the availability of the service but some ATM owners have been found to create fake transactions to obtain extra commissions. This paper attempts to detect such frauds using a two-stage method. In the first stage fraudulent customers are detected by certain rules and in the second stage their accomplices are identified using transaction loop and cycle detection algorithm. Transactions of an Iranian bank have been used to evaluate the proposed method and ..... ReadMore