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Taqdees Malik* and Urooj Fatima

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2021.03.000151

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Milk is a proper and complete healthy diet for all individuals. Milk contains all the basic nutrients such as carbon, calcium, and rich water content which facilities bacterial contamination if hygienic conditions are not properly maintained. Different types of bacteria such as gram-positive and gram-negative can contaminate milk in many ways such as use of unclean utensils, storage tanks, and other factors which includes diseased animals, or/and animals suffering from mastitis. Most commonly isolated organisms from raw milk samples are E. coli, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, and spores forming Bacillus species which can cause serious enteric illness if contaminated consumed. Pasteurization process extensively reduces the risk of contamination and makes the milk safer for drinking. In this study, we have collected 24 s..... ReadMore

Pengxiang Yan MD, Weiliang Zhao MD, Sen Xie MD, Yanhui Sun MD and Penglian Wang MD, PhD*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000150

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We sought to demonstrate a giant hemangiopericytoma within the olfactory groove resected by a minimally invasive supraorbital keyhole approach through superciliary arch, which is commonly used to remove relatively small meningioma, pituitary adenoma and craniopharyngioma. A 50-year-old female presented with a 1-year history of progressive headaches, anosmia, hyposmia, and visual deterioration. Anosmia and visual impairment were found by physical examination. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan demonstrated a large irregularly shaped intra-dural mass at bottom of right frontal lobe. A minimally invasive supraorbital keyhole approach through superciliary arch is performed for resecting this giant tumor. Surgical complications and degree of resection were recorded to evaluate the efficacy of this surgical method. Histological exa..... ReadMore

Akhtar Bibi*, Muhammad Adnan Khalid, Amber Mehmood and Nadia Shafique

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000149

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Existent literature has evident that dysfunctional attitudes and automatic thoughts are associated with mental health difficulties. The present study attempts to investigate the relationship between dysfunctional attitudes and automatic thoughts and examining gender differences across both variables. A sample of 27 male and 53 females were collected from different universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. Dysfunctional attitudes of students were measured by the short form of Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS) while automatic thoughts were measured by Automatic thoughts Questionnaire-negative (ATQ). Results indicate that dysfunctional attitudes are not associated with automatic thoughts (p > 0.001), except confusion escape (r = .348, p < 0.001). We found that male university students experience more dysfunctiona..... ReadMore

Hossein Pakdaman, Ali Amini Harandi*, Akram Esfandani, Atefeh Yousefi, Marziyeh Khazai Pol, Behnam Mansouri, Ali Sobhanian and Sina Asadi

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000148

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Background: Despite recent developments in intensive care for patients with Traumatic brain injury (TBI), the long-term neurological disabilities still exist. MLC901 is Traditional Chinese Medicine and has shown some neuroprotective and neuro regenerative benefits after brain injury in previous animal and human studies and may provide a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of TBI. Accordingly, we conducted this pilot, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study to investigate the efficacy of MLC901 in patients with moderate to severe TBI. Materials and Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of moderate to severe TBI were enrolled. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either MLC901 or placebo capsules three times per day over 6 months. Evaluation of patients was carried out at baseline, 3rd month and 6th month follow-..... ReadMore

Chhabra S*, Varma Shivkumar P and Bathla M

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000147

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Background: Complementary itoms (CI), Traditional therapies (TTs), and Alternative therapies (ATs) use is common. ATs and TTs are used singly or with modern medicare for prevention, treatment as complementary therapy (CT), even during pregnancy globally. Their use seems to have increased, even in developed countries, with little recorded evidence of reasons for use, efficacy, and side effects. Objectives: To know types of complementaries or CT used by pregnant women and reasons for use. Material Methods: Present study was carried out. by interviews of 1200 women with predesigned tool in postnatal wards a day after delivery. More rural women delivered, but were equalized, 600 rural, 600 urban. Results: Use of CI/CT was reported by 11.4% rural,11.2% urban women. Most frequently used item was Kesar (3%) during pregnancy, Coram seeds ..... ReadMore

Xibin Liang*, Jingjun Wang and Keshav Narain*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000146

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Allopathic or western medical approaches to ocular conditions such as cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and wet age-related macular degeneration have been largely successful, resulting in the decline of severe visual loss worldwide for patients with these conditions. Despite these successes, a variety of other ocular conditions continue to pose substantial ongoing threats to vision. Dry macular degeneration, optic nerve disease, and myopic degeneration not only lack effective treatments, but are increasing sharply. As the limits of western approaches become apparent, there is rising interest in alternatives. Traditional Chinese acupuncture has existed for thousands of years. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) now has a division dedicated to the investigation of alternative and complementary therapies. (https://www.nccih.nih.gov/). Clin..... ReadMore

Yusra Safdar and Taqdees Malik*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000144

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Antimicrobial agents are defined as those substances which possess inhibitory effects against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, preventing their growth. Antibacterial agents are classified based on the type of action, source of antibacterial agent, and range of the spectrum. Rose belongs to the family Rosaceae. Hundred (n=100) species of roses are locally available. Roses are native primarily to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. There is a wide variety of colors available in roses which enhances the beauty of the rose. Most roses are locally available in Asia, North America and few are available in Europe. Many parts of rose have been used to check the antibacterial and antifungal property and they are highly active to remove toxins from the body and shown positive results to inhibit the growth of bacteria. D..... ReadMore

Claudia Voyles*, Kenneth Carter and Laura Cooley

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000143

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NADA arose from a community response to inequities. NADA calls on the acupuncture community to support such communitybased responses now. In the early 1970s, young activists in New York City agitated for change. Collectives comprised of many civicminded activist organizations led by the Puerto Rican Young Lords Party called out systematic racism and oppression including the effects of social injustice upon the health of the people of color in the South Bronx. The actions of the Young Lords Party, the Black Panther Party, White Lightning, and others addressed many healthrelated concerns: trash collection, lead and tuberculosis screening, food insecurity, incarceration conditions and addiction. The movement was political and focused on social justice...... ReadMore

Ayan Chatterjee, Sandipan Chatterjee, Neepa Banerjee and Shankarashis Mukherjee*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000142

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Occupation is an important determinant of health in general and its overall positive or negative effect on well-being results from the interaction between individual characteristics and work-related features, the latter comprising biomechanical, psychosocial, and sociological axes. In India, about three fourth of the population are dependent on different type of crop cultivation; of which paddy cultivation is an important one. Paddy cultivation involves in various processes, some of the postures, which were taken by crop cultivators, were very harmful. Some of the works are dominated by static muscular contraction and some other works are involved with repeated dynamic activity. In this backdrop, the present study has been undertaken to assess the relationship between works related musculoskeletal discomforts score and obesity indic..... ReadMore

Taqdees Malik*, Nazish Mumtaz Ali and Aziz Fatima

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000141

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Foodborne diseases are considered to be the wide-spread health problem in most parts of the world especially in developing countries. The aim of the study evaluates the frequency of microbial contamination of raw meat that is often contaminated with foodborne pathogens. The perishable nature of nutritious meat is one of the potential sources of pathogens as well as an excellent vehicle for transmitting foodborne disease in human beings. In this study, Six (n=6) samples of meat such as beef, mutton, lamb, chicken, fish, camel meat were collected from common retail shop of Karachi and analyzed for the prevalence of pathogenic microorganism by using standard plate methods to purify it on specific agar and to perform biochemical testing for identification and isolation of bacterial species. In our study, it was found that 33% isolates o..... ReadMore

Md Abdul Kaium Siddiki and Md Shahidul Islam*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000140

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Alstonia scholaris Linn is popularly known as the “Chatim” or the Devil tree, which are used as a well-known remedy for the treatment of various types of disorders in the Ayurvedic, Homoeopathic and Folklore system of medicine in Bangladesh, India and many others countries. Alstonia scholaris is mainly used for the treatment of diarrhoea and malaria as a tonic, febrifuge, emmenagogue, anticholeric and vulnerary. Considering the medical importance and source of origin, the plant Alstonia scholaris has been subjected for fractionation with different solvents. The different fractions of ethanolic extract of Alstonia scholaris were evaluated for antioxidant activity as well as biological activity. Phytochemical properties of leaves of Alstonia scholaris were also investigated. The different solvent fractions showed the presence of t..... ReadMore

Samia Elzwi* and Amina Elzwi

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000139

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Ginger is a perennial plant that grows in India, China, Mexico and several other countries. The rhizome is used as both spice and in herbal medicine. Many studies have been done on pharmacological effect of ginger extract and our paper has been focused on cytoprotective effect of ginger on ethanol induced gastric injury in mice. Many drugs have been used in the treatment of peptic ulcer but each of them associated with different side effect so trends today toward use of herbal medicine which was associated with adverse effect. Ginger hydroalcoholic extract contain different consistent with anti-ulcer properties like 6-Gingersulfonic acid and three monoacyldigalactosyl glycerol including ginger glycolipid A. B. C .The mechanism of ginger extract may be due to counteracting the active oxidant radicals, decreasing mucosal cell shedding..... ReadMore

Xuefeng Li*, Junnan Zhao, Jiaying Zhang, Yanbing Shi, Yinghuan Dou, Jing Zhou, Yang Luo, Yan Zhu, Yang Yuan, Ying Wang, Mengru Zhou and Miao Li

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000138

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Background: We found that Tongluo Decoction has had good protection for myocardial cells injury of CME rats. But it is not clear whether Tongluo Decoction has inhibitory effect on myocardial apoptosis. So we want to study the effect and mechanism of Tongluo decoction to cardiomyocyte apoptosis following coronary microembolization in rats. Methods: 46 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group (n=6), model group (n=10), Tongluo Decoction low dose group (n=10), Tongluo Decoction high dose group (n=10) and Tongxinluo group (n=10). In addition to the blank group, the rats of other groups were established the model of autologous thromboembolism microembolism by interventional method. The low dose group of Tongluo Decoction was given 7.8g/kg for gavaging, the high dose group of Tongluo Decoction was given 23.4g/kg, Tongxinluo..... ReadMore

Pouneh Zolfaghari, Maryam Farjamfar, Elahe Ebrahimpour, Elahe Yahyaei and Mohammad Bagher Sohrabi*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000137

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Introduction: Pain is a destructive one and remains in the mind of the child suffering from it Pain management in newborns through pharmaceutical and complementary medicine, including Quran recitation is done. Hence the aim of this study was to effect of Quran vocalizations on pain relief in neonates during treatment procedures in Imam Hossain hospital of Shahroud in 2014. Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional study that compared with study of Quran audio impact in reducing neonatal pain during medical procedures performed. Sample size was estimated to be about 120, and this number of the subjects was selected in six months period. The data were recorded in check list prepared according to also, theory of development and Lawrence s NeonateInfant pain scale [NIPS]. Results: In the intervention group, 28 patients (46.7%) were fe..... ReadMore

Emerson Barbosa da Silva*, Patrick Gabriel dos Santos Pessini, Camila dos Santos Chagas, Daniel Santos Neves, Rodrigo Pereira Barbosa and Giuliana Petri

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000135

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BALB/c mice are often used in laboratory researches and its methodology needs to be standardized. A number of mice previously inoculated with Ehrlich’s tumor were used under appropriate conditions to collect blood samples and analyze hematological parameters in automated and semi-automated equipment and allow this methodology to be made. The study successfully defined and established the methodology needed to obtain reference values for hematological parameters and to assist researchers develop their own methodology about animal handling and group management in experiments...... ReadMore

Cruz García Lirios*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000134

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The relationships between personal and group variables are specified with respect to water availability and supply management. The work contributes to the discussion around the administration of water resources and services based on social variables such as resilience, solidarity and cooperation. In this sense, the parameters that allow management based on local consumption needs are exposed. Within the framework of Human Development, the weighting of needs and water availability is fundamental for the establishment of an agenda in the area of water supply management...... ReadMore

Robert Skopec*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000133

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An important role in the processes of adaptation and masking in humans is playing also the immune system. The innate immune system functions as an interpreter of tissue damage and provides a first line of defense, also translates the information to other repair and defense systems in the body by stimulating angiogenesis, wound repair, and activating adaptive immunity. It is appropriate to consider autophagy a means for programmed cell survival balancing and counter-regulating apoptosis. Autophagy seems to have a dichotomous role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression...... ReadMore

Vaidya Rohit Mehta*, Bhavya S and Monika Guatam

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000132

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Dengue fever is communicable disease caused by dengue virus called Aaegepti spread by mosquito, so there is no vaccine and it is particularly difficult to create vaccine because it is caused by different virus and no animal models available for testing. It is also called as ‘breakdown fever’ and ‘dandy fever’ [1-2]. Approximately 390 million people worldwide infected each year and the disease kills over 5000 Indians every year and is a seasonal threat particularly during monsoon. Symptoms will manifest in 3 phases febrile phase-high fever(104.F), muscle and joint pains, headache, measles like rashes, nausea, vomiting, bleeding from mucous membrane of mouth and nose, decreased platelets within 2-7 days, critical phase – blood in vomitus, dark colored stools, severe abdominal pain, restlessness which leads to serious complications..... ReadMore

Mohammad Kamil* and El TM Abdalla

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2020.02.000131

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Ethnopharmacological Relevance: A number of papers and reviews have been written on ethno pharmacological potential of Aloe vera L. [1,2] and Uses described in pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine: Aloe Vera Gel is widely used for the external treatment of minor wounds and inflammatory skin disorders [3-7]. Aloe latex is known for its laxative properties [8]. The gel is used in the treatment of minor skin irritations, including burns, bruises, and abrasions [3,9,10]. The gel is further used in the cosmetics industry as a hydrating ingredient in liquids, creams, sun lotions, shaving creams, lip balms, healing ointments, and face packs (3). As early as B.C. 400, the aloe vera plant and processed aloe products were being traded throughout Asia. By 700-800 AD, the Chinese “Materia Medicas” noted its medical benefits, refe..... ReadMore

Jim Welles*

DOI : 10.32474/OAJCAM.2019.02.000130

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If we have so consistently failed in our efforts to establish a world of peace and plenty for all, it may be because we are not trying to do that. Most people and corporations are basically out for themselves and not much interested in improving the system. Although they may be un- consciously involved in cooperative, synergistic movements to construct more complex societies, this is, at best, half of the story. For ages, people have flattered themselves with the pleasing notion that we are intelligent, God’s favorites, free, etc. Recently, analysts have carried on this tradition by emphasizing the anabolic aspects of civilization, and it is true, we can and do cooperate, and the whole can be greater than the sum of the sacrificing parts [1]..... ReadMore