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Fozia Anwar*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000187

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Current healthcare outcomes depend on the adoption of valid and latest research evidence and practicing evidence-based medicine (EBM). EBM is the process of adaptation of the finest available scientific research evidence into routine clinical practice. However, literature reports gap between actual and required clinical practice. This gap will not be bridged by just updating physicians about EBM. Therefore, it is required to study the motivational factors in a context to use technology in routine clinical practice as things behave differently under varying constraints. This study aimed to address this gap by investigating motivating factors to promote EBM, focusing mainly on developing country context. Innovation diffusion theory will be used to provide the basic or theoretical support for the research as this theory states that the adopt..... ReadMore

Muhammad Fahad Anwar, Fatima Riaz and Mehran Idris Khan*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000186

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According to common law-the legal dispensation system used in most countries across the world, including Pakistan-two fundamental components are required to prove the commission of a crime: firstly, actus reus and secondly mens rea. In general, the first of these two-the actus reus-is the physical act (or omission) of committing the crime. The second-mens rea-is the necessary intent to prove that the alleged perpetrator wanted to commit the crime. Besides, these demonstrate potential psychological impacts over the societies across the world, which is focused on this study. The study adopts qualitative means to examine the psychological implications of Juvenile delinquency in Pakistan and provide insightful understanding for the readers. Human nature a complex topic since the earlier ages. Factors, conditions, circumstances, helping in th..... ReadMore

Alicia Garcia Falgueras*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000185

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Many changes have occurred in our world in so many little time, as a novel situation that we all have had to cope with such as a sudden and unexpected pandemic. Psychological approaches such as skepticism, uncontrollability, new emotions to new stimuli, irrational thoughts or behaviors are some common consequences of the situation and we will elaborate them briefly in this text. Some basic clinical and medical explanations about the intermediate specie, common symptoms or possible brain affection are described in the text. With the perspective of a healthy future without viruses attacks, based on Scientific knowledge and the experience of producing laboratory experimental results.The global pandemic year 2020 has been a humanitarian challenge that affected everybody and has changed our lives and routines. Because of the sudden appearance,..... ReadMore

Tigran Haas*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000183

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One of the most influential place theories, or conceptual frameworks that deal with the framing, activation and management (as well as understanding) of the public realm, for which the coffee shop, bookstore, taverna, bistro, bakery, pub, etc. became a metonym, was the idea of the “Third Place”: a term that emerged to describe new social environments that were distinct from both home (the first place) and work (the second place) and which revolved around leisure, consumption and the desire for the social with a lesser emphasis on the community Banerjee Tridib [1], Oldenburg Ray [2]. The full vocabulary that thoughtful public realms, intragenerational and inclusive can offer, as prime public places, is a vivid example of Oldenburg’s third place theory (1999) which he centers round a place to which person(s) are drawn into some kind o..... ReadMore

Mohammadreza Shahidipak*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000182

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Islamic civilization formed in context of behavioral changing and explaining human behavior in many medieval teachings led to emergence of behavioral science and psychology. Present study proved scientific approach of Islamic civilization to human behavioral research that it has illustrated concept of science in Islamic civilization. The capital of this change in behavior of nations is emergence of human phenomena called Prophet’s everyday life. Writing daily life has been common issue of world civilizations since ancient times. This religious phenomenon of Prophetic usage effected on attitude, hygiene which explained in various schools of religious psychology and social psychology, including Gestalt school. The writing of life style of Prophet led to establishment science in Islamic civilization entitled Knowledge of everyday life o..... ReadMore

Cecil Allen* and Susan Thomas

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000181

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Learning is a mental feat that one must overcome especially with a subject that is difficult or if one dislikes. Learning a foreign language also presents its obstacles. Declarative memory and spatial recognition are the two types of memory recall within the hippocampus. Memory is a key aspect associated with language. As Instructors the delivery of materials and activities using short term memory stimulation is extremely important. Keywords: Cognition skills; Memory stimulation; It is human nature to have some level of apprehension or nervousness when taking on the journey of learning a new language. After all, learning anything, in itself, can be a challenge for many of us. Certainly, it takes effort and concentration. Learning is often seen as a definite mental feat that one must overcome, especially a subject or a concept that we ma..... ReadMore

Saeed Shoja Shafti*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000180

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During counseling or psychotherapeutic sessions, there are a lot of persons that introduce their partner as their absolute sweetheart and companion, while criticize them, as well, regarding their incompetence with respect to gratification or provision of anticipated sexual or romantic desires. Many of them may describe their partner as asexual, hypoactive or dishonest, while their own displeasure or jealousness may have root in a mismatch between sensual yearnings and spiritual longings. Now a question may arise that whether sex-object is equal to love-object, or they are unalike things with different intentions and tasks. Developmentally, while the sex-object may or may not be at the same time a love-object, the love-object cannot be anything except than an ultimate item derived from sex-drive, though in a more sublimated shape. If we s..... ReadMore

Saeed Shoja Shafti*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000179

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Recent pandemic of coronavirus has exposed that Homo sapiens is still very vulnerable against the microorganisms, which has been ascertained in the past over and over again with respect to different biological or ecological threats. Modern technology and advancements, while very effective and helpful, could only decline the morbidly and mortality due to various communicable or non-communicable causes, not eradicating it. Hence, fighting against existing biotic or natural threats demands an all-inclusive and all-purpose group effort and mutual aid, if it is supposed to be effective. In the present pandemic, compliance of physicians and medical staff regarding recommended protective maneuvers, like making use of mask or gloves, or obeying the recommended interpersonal distance, has the leading role, in this regard. Without such consideratio..... ReadMore

Saeed Shoja Shafti*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000178

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The most consistent finding across all of the studies on the prevalence and incidence of unipolar major depression is that it is approximately twofold more common among women than men. Although, during the last century psychoanalysis and psychodynamic psychology had founded a lot of theories with respect to psychopathology, it should be accentuated that still no hypothetical points have been supported by methodical research. Evolutionary psychology and psychiatry is based on Darwin’s theory regarding evolution and sexual selection is a subtype of natural selection in which individuals compete for mates. While brains result in activities that maximize inclusive fitness, reproductive effort is to get mates, and to take care of offspring. Negative emotions exist only because they have been useful… for human genes, even if not always fo..... ReadMore

Manuela Julietta Amorin* and Desmond Ayim Aboagye

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000177

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Peer pressure is one thing that every individual is vulnerable to and has faced before at some point in their lives. It is becoming a serious health problem, especially for adolescents as well as concerned parents because, though not all peer pressure leads to health-related concerns or is negative, most are that need curbing, or treatment. Thus, NGOs, youth organizations, social welfare as well as parents, are looking for different ways to tackle this health-related issue in society. This research investigated locus of control on vulnerability to peer pressure in the African context. A survey was conducted using 144 adolescents from 2 Senior High Schools in Ghana with ages ranging from 15 to 19 years old. The following data collection instruments were used: Informed consent, Demographic data which used to group the students into categori..... ReadMore

Chi-Cheng Chang* and Meng-Chen Tsai

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.04.000176

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The theoretical framework of knowledge management system (KMS) was used to examine the effect of organizational climate and knowledge transfer on learning transfer, and the moderating effects of organizational climate on the influence of knowledge transfer in learning transfer. The participants were 335 EMBA students. Hierarchical regression was employed for confirming the research model. The results showed that organizational climate and knowledge transfer had a significantly positive effect on learning transfer; organizational climate had a significantly positive effect on knowledge transfer; and organizational climate had a positive moderating effect on the influence of knowledge transfer in learning transfer. This study extended the KMS model to include the moderating effect of organizational climate, which was the main contribution o..... ReadMore

Salem Bouomrani*, and Ines Masmoudi

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000175

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Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is the most frequent connective tissue disease but remains very underdiagnosed. Psychiatric manifestations are classified among the central neurological disorders of pSS, and their prevalence is variously estimated according to the series and the recruitment services: 20-70% of cases. They may be the predominant manifestations of the disease, but pSS remains an underestimated cause of neuropsychiatric disorders. The inaugural psychiatric presentations of this disease are exceptional and represent a real diagnostic challenge for clinicians. We report an original observation of depression as an initial and isolated manifestation revealing neuro-Sjögren ina 60-year-old woman. Only a few similar sporadic cases were previously reported in the world literature. As rare as it is, this clinical presentation o..... ReadMore

Saeed Shoja Shafti*, Alireza Memarie, Masomeh Rezaie and Behjat Rahimi

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000174

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Introduction: Comorbidity between mental disorders and physical illnesses is the rule rather than the exception. Approaches to study the impact of comorbidity become challenging also due to lack of consensus about how to define and measure the concept of comorbidity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical profile of medical comorbidity among a group of local chronic elderly schizophrenic patients to see their prevalence and physiognomies.Methods: while geriatric section of Razi psychiatric hospital had been selected as the field of investigation, all elderly schizophrenic patients, who have been hospitalized there for lifelong, had been selected as accessible sample and surveyed with respect to recorded checkups and comorbid medical diagnoses. Psychiatric diagnosis was in essence based on..... ReadMore

Júlio César André*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000173

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In the context of contemporary health sciences education, one expects that the practicing conduct of health professionals presents positive attitudes towards the patient. However, what can be observed is a growing decline in humanistic values on the part of future health professionals, associated with an increased loss of idealism and empathy, increased skepticism, loss of feelings of accomplishment and satisfaction with the professional choice. One expects the future professional to follow socially accepted patterns guided by ethics, and favorable to the development of the professional-patient relationship, thus contributing to a good interposition in the health-disease process [1]. The technical domain is crucial to save lives but insufficient to maintain quality of life and avoid illness. The challenge, therefore, lies in an adequate..... ReadMore

Kirichenko Alexander V*, Reznichenko Alexander V and Ranepa Zhuk Igor A

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000172

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An approach to the creation of information technology model of education at the University with the use of artificial intelligence elements is considered.One of the main arguments in favor of the priority role of education in the coming XXI century is the development of scientific and technological progress and global technologization of the advanced countries of the world community. The ongoing global process of formation of a new highly automated information environment of society creates unprecedented opportunities for human development, more effective solutions to its many professional, economic, social and everyday problems. However, only those members of society who possess the necessary knowledge and skills to navigate the new information space will be able to use these opportunities. All this is closely related to the level of d..... ReadMore

Mohammad Talebpoor, Ghasem dastgerdi*, Reza Bidaki and Mahmood Vakili

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000171

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Introduction: Varenicline is an effective drug approved for smoking cessation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Varenicline on depression in smokers treated with methadone. Methods: The present study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that was performed on 60 smokers aged 18-60 years old who were referred to addiction treatment clinics who had a primary diagnosis of major depression based on the DSM-5 criteria. Both groups were treated with Citalopram tablets 20 mg daily for the treatment of depression. For the group of varenicline for 6 weeks, the first three days 0.5mg, followed by 1mg daily and the control group was given the same placebo. Both groups were evaluated using BDI-II by a psychiatrist before the intervention, 3 and 6 weeks after treatment. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the depressi..... ReadMore

Minya Li*

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000169

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The study aims to examine the actual chronic disease treatment effect and drug treatment behaviour options in China through an empirical analysis of associated theories. Using the data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2013) collated by Peking University’s National Institute of Development, the actual chronic disease treatment effects with drug treatment behaviour options were tested. An analysis was conducted on 13 common chronic diseases. To test the hypothesis, Chinese residents’ health condition distribution for both ‘chronic disease’ and ‘all observations’ groups were developed and descriptively analysed. It was found that chronic diseases can have an apparent impact on one’s perception of physical health. Moreover, by segmenting the different drug therapy behaviours for 13 common types of chro..... ReadMore

Honglei Yin*, Qianqian Xin, Xiang Xue and Enze Li

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000168

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Cognitive distortion has been proposed as one of the endophenotypes of suicidal behavior, and a therapeutic target in the suicidal patient approach. This article provides a systematic review of the existing literature testing relations between cognitive distortion and suicidality, across various diagnostic and demographic populations, using different kinds of neurocognitive tasks, together with imaging or electrophysiological test to measure the alteration of brain regions during the neurocognitive tasks. Cognitive distortion is an important factor in the generation process of suicidal behavior and should be a promising target in the prevention and treatment of suicidal behavior. Future study needs to pay attention to the consistency of samples including psychiatric diagnosis, time period between the last suicide attempt (SA) and investig..... ReadMore

Tigran H*, Littke, H and Elahe K

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000167

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In what ways are cities things that happen to us, and in what ways are cities things we do together, with more or less art and purpose? How do we understand both the geometries of cities and the ways that form might be connected-or not-to their social organization and politics? These are some of the reasons and potential lacunas in research which need for a cross-disciplinary approach related to urban form and social behavior and a revamped effort at uniting the disciplines of the built environment and behavioral sciences. The remarkable link between intrinsic human qualities such as behavior, conduct, and demeanor, and the external environment has been recognized for years. However, this link has not been given much consideration in the design of our built environment. This needs to change as architecture, urban planning & design are ..... ReadMore

John Gountas* and Marcela Moraes

DOI : 10.32474/SJPBS.2020.03.000166

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Numerical and mathematical processing skills has a long history from the ancient classical Greeks Plato, Aristotle Frank, Mendel [1] to the birth of modern psychology, with John Dewey [2], Conant [3], O’Shea [4], suggesting that children learn numerical concepts by reinforcement, not in an abstract way, by identifying similarities, differences of empirical individual units, forming general concepts. This essay follows through the recent evolution of neuroimaging studies debate, sets the theoretical context of three dominant theories that influenced the context of research tools/methods; and how neuroscientific research has contributed uniquely to the understanding of numerosity. The essay concludes with a cogent argument that alternative research tools are necessary, complimentary, and multidisciplinary research generates different ty..... ReadMore