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Zuraida Zainun*, Muhammad Munzir Zuber Ahmadi and Nur Syakirah Bt Che Mat Amin

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000264

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Clinicians are no strangers to patients with migraine symptoms and frequent dizziness. As a common neurological disorder, migraine affects about 15% of the general population. Dizziness is also a common symptom, accounting for up to 15% of visits in frontline healthcare settings. Considering the prevalence of both conditions, an overlap in the clinical presentations of vestibular symptoms and migraine may not seem surprising at first. Several studies, however, have found a close association between dizziness and migraine beyond coincidence. Dizziness is more common in migraineurs compared with those suffering from other headache subtypes such as tension-type headache, suggesting a pathological link between migraine and dizziness . In some migraine patients, dizziness or vertigo is even more prominent and debilitating than the headache. Th..... ReadMore

Mohammad Taghi Sheykhi*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000263

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Sociologically speaking, environment, especially the built environment has highly affected the human health in particular in urban areas where population is more concentrated, merged with industries and the pollution diluted. The current urban life is exposed to many disorders and health issues. Under such circumstances, the developed countries have access to better means of treatment especially otolaryngological facilities, whereas the developing countries are generally in short of the necessary medical means. What the developing countries need to do is to invest more on their educational atmosphere, wide-spreading education in all corners of their countries regardless of race, gender, creed and color. That would be a good column for the next healthy generations. Environmental health includes neighborhood spaces, schools, and the places ..... ReadMore

Ohad Cohen*, Chanan Shaul, Victoria Doviner, Yoav Sherman and Jean-Yves Sichel

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000262

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Salivary gland neoplasms constitute 3-4% of all head and neck tumors. The benign or malignant nature of the tumor may influence the patient consultation and decision-making process. It could also determine the extent of surgical resection and the ability to preserve the facial nerve. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is often used for preoperative cytological diagnosis. However, Although FNAB is highly specific for malignancy (93%-100%), its sensitivity is not as good (83%-92%) [1-3]. While reviewing our database on patients following salivary gland resection, we noticed a small subgroup (2.5%) who were operated for diagnosed or suspected primary salivary gland tumor, but in whom no tumor was found on surgical pathology (negative pathology). The goals of this study are to review cases of negative surgical pathology in patients who unde..... ReadMore

Sanchita Singh, Sumit Sharma* and Suvarna Sharma

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000261

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In accordance to the above statement, both- the basic problem and the solution to this problem have been mentioned & that is- ‘stay home, stay safe and follow the Covid protocols’. In the last 2 years, the world has witnessed this century’s one of the most dreadful and contagious viral infection- Covid 19...... ReadMore

Avinash Arjun Rao Kesari ,Shivakumar Swamy Shivalingappa , Nadezhda Niyarah Alemao*, Lohith G , Indiresh Desai and Veena Ramaswamy

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000260

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Ameloblastic carcinoma has been described as an ameloblastoma in which there is histological evidence of carcinoma in a primary or recurrent ameloblastoma. The frequency of the lesion is estimated to be less than 1% of all ameloblastomas occurring in the mandible and maxilla.1 We present a case of a 30-year-old woman who presented with painless swelling of left upper face and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. She was evaluated with CECT, MRI and PET-CT which showed 3.6 x 3.5 x 3.3 cm mass arising from the inferomedial wall of left orbit with sunburst periosteal reaction and cloudy osteoid matrix which was thought to be an osteosarcoma. She underwent a transorbital and trans nasal endoscopic wide local excision of the lesion which was then diagnosed as ameloblastic carcinoma on histopathology. Imaging features and pathological ..... ReadMore

Paul T E Cusack*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000259

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There is a disease identified in the 19th Century that causes hearing loss beginning at age 30 -60. Not only is it associated with sensorineural hearing loss, but also dizziness and ringing in the ears. I propose that the cause of Meniere’s Disease is the result of a misalignment of the head relative to the spine. This can be caused by osteoporosis or autofellatio. The disease is rare affecting less than 20 per 10,000 people. A tell-tale sign is the hunch back in both men and women (Figure 1). Since the head and spine are out of alignment, the fluids (perilymph and endolymph) in the inner ear affect both hearing (cochlea) and balance (semicircular canal). Refer to Figure 2. The hearing that is lost is termed sensorineural hearing loss. Soft sounds may be hard to hear. Even louder sounds may be unclear or may sound muffled [1]. This is t..... ReadMore

Bindiya Vijayan, Ancy Mathew, CK Fareena Taj, Krithikaa Sekar, G Lohith*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000258

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Precision medicine is the targeted therapy with personalized approach to cancer treatment, ultimately results in more precise targeting of tumor cells and spares the normal tissues and with minimal toxicities. The currently practised precision/targeted approaches in head and neck cancer are either based on the patient-specific or tumor-specific characteristics which includes the underlying etiology, tumor microenvironment or the genomics. The concept of precision medicine in oncology is focused on identifying therapies that are based on the genetic characterization of a patient’s tumor, thereby tailoring the cancer treatment to a specific gene mutation in an individual patient’s cancer. Though radiation oncology with the recent advancements with image guidance and functional imaging provides a more individualized treatment, it can be ..... ReadMore

Sphoorthi Basavannaiah*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000257

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Congenital laryngeal web constitutes 5% of all congenital laryngeal anomalies. Most of them are either present at birth or in the first few months of life but very rarely at an older age group. It needs both meticulous evaluation and imperative management to the earliest as its presentation can range anywhere between perpetual dysphonia to permanent dyspnoea leading to devastating morbidity and mortality. Congenital laryngeal webs are rare abnormalities of the larynx that accounts to 5% of congenital laryngeal anomalies. They arise due to failure of recanalization of the primitive larynx which should usually occur between 8 to 10 weeks of embryogenesis. Clinical manifestations vary according to the extent of glottic involvement and obstruction [1-3]. Shorter webs accounts to dysphonia while larger webs needless to say causes airway compro..... ReadMore

Claude Hamonet*, Mickael Delarue, Jeremie H Lefevre, Jacques Rottembourg and Jean David Zeitoun

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000256

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Ehlers-Danlos is a hereditary disease of the whole connective tissue initially described by dermatologists (Tscherchnogobov Moscow 1892, Ehlers, Copenhagen, 1900, Danlos, Paris, 1908). They emphasized the joint hyperlaxity and stretchiness of the skin which has long summed up the clinical expression of this entity. In recent decades, many other manifestations have been described and gradually identified, mainly by rheumatologists (Grahame, London, 1960). Several of them concern the digestive tract, mainly gastric reflux and constipation. They can be the cause of serious accidents: bronchial flooding by gastric reflux or aspiration, intestinal obstruction, hernial constriction, eventration, intestinal rupture, peritonitis of vesicular or appendicular origin, hemorrhages. It is important that gastroenterologists know how to link these manif..... ReadMore

Boysen Morten E*, Brandstorp Boesen J and Bratland Åse

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000255

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Current follow-up protocols of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) rely on detection of recurrence at an asymptomatic stage. The evidence supporting a survival benefit of asymptomatic recurrence detection is relatively weak. These protocols are entirely based on assumptions and tradition, not evidence. There is ample evidence supporting the notion that most recurrences are diagnosed through patient symptoms. The staggering preponderance of symptomatic recurrence suggests that patients lack knowledge concerning symptoms that signify recurrence. Patient education should therefore be regarded a key factor of follow-up. We strongly emphasize the need for an easily accessible and adequate description of red flag symptoms that might signify recurrence. Having proper information, patients are less likely to forget,..... ReadMore

Nguyen Nguyen*, Thanh Thai Le, Duy Huy Nguyen, Thi My Duong and Kyu Sung Kim

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000254

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Esophageal foreign bodies are commonly encountered in otolaryngology clinic. The most common esophageal foreign bodies are fish bones which are encountered in Southeast Asia and in Vietnam. The rare complication due to the ingested foreign body is its migration to the deep neck space and the formation of cervical abscess. This case depicts a patient with a fish bone in the esophagus that migrated extraluminally into the posterior cervical space. Moreover, the difficulties in removing the foreign body as well as the management of esophageal perforation are described in detail. Accidental ingestion of fish bone being lodged in the esophagus is a common emergency in otolaryngology practice in Vietnam. Primarily, this is explained by a consequence of long- lasting eating habits and local cooking. Most foreign bodies (FB) can be discovered by ..... ReadMore

Belaldavar BP, Suhasini Hanumaiah* and Reshma Susan Mathew

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000253

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Oral ranula is a retention cyst which arises from the sublingual salivary gland in the floor of the mouth due to ductal obstruction and fluid retention. Various surgical procedures have been quoted in the literature ranging from simple aspiration to complete or partial excision of the ranula. This paper highlights a case report of a huge impending plunging ranula in the floor of the mouth which has been successfully excised completely. The term ranula was derived from the Latin word Rana tigerina, symbolising its resemblance to a bulging frog’s underbelly.1 It classically presents as a soft submucosal swelling in the floor of the mouth. Ranula have a prevalence of about 0.2 cases/1000 persons and accounts for 6% of total sialo-cysts. Marsupialisation is still one of the attractive surgical modalities practiced avoiding injury to the sur..... ReadMore

Mohamed Ali Gliti*, Houda Boudinar, Sophia Nitassi, Bencheikh Razika, Benbouzid Mohamed Anas, Abdelilah Oujilal and Leila Essakalli Houssyni

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000252

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Tuberculosis is an infectious disease; it has a variable degree of presentation, most often pulmonary while the extrapulmonary location is dominated by lymph node involvement, especially cervical. On the other hand, herpes zoster results from the reactivation of the virus that causes varicella. Here, we report the case of cervicofacial herpes zoster complicating ganglion-pulmonary tuberculosis in a 19-year-old female patient with a history of varicella during childhood, who presents bilateral lymphadenopathy, the diagnosis of pulmonary and lymph node tuberculosis is confirmed by histology, she has treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs and the evolution was marked by the presence of lymphadenopathy and the appearance of cervicofacial herpes zoster. Tuberculosis remains a major infectious scourge, particularly in developing countries. In 25%..... ReadMore

Harshavardhan Annigeri and Borlingegowda Viswanatha*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000251

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Background: Perforation of tympanic membrane decreases surface area and allows the sound waves to pass through middle ear directly. Size of perforation and severity of the hearing loss are related. Aim: The present study was aimed to evaluate association between hearing loss with site and size of tympanic membrane perforation. Methods: All patients between 15-60 years of age with chronic otitis media safe type attending to outpatient clinic of ENT, Bangalore Medical College over the period of one year were included in this hospital-based retrospective study. The patients with unsafe CSOM, mixed hearing loss, and refusal to participate in the study, were excluded. Results: 52% patients aged between 21 and 30 years. Male to female ratio was 1.7:1. 53% patients belonged to average socioeconomic class. The most common symptom on presentation ..... ReadMore

Ljiljana Širić*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000250

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Purpose: Defining the prosodic features of alaryngeal speech and determining their differences depending on the type of alternative speech. Methods: The study included 60 laryngectomized subjects of both sexes with a mean age of 63 years. The subjects were divided into three groups depending on the type of alternative alaryngeal speech. Prosodic features were assessed using a four-component scale for the assessment of prosody of alaryngeal speech by three examiners. Statistical data processing was done using the SPSS statistical package. Results: Significant differences were found between tracheoesophageal, esophageal, and electro laryngeal speech with respect to melody and accent performance, and variable rhythm, while the existing differences in the realization of pauses in speech were not significant. Most tracheoesophageal subjects ha..... ReadMore

Eytan A David*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000249

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Objective: We sought to assess the feasibility of cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) as a diagnostic tool for patients experiencing dizziness after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in tertiary neurotology clinic. We used cVEMP to estimate the prevalence of saccular dysfunction after mTBI.Design: This was a cross-sectional study of patients referred to a tertiary neurotology clinic for dizziness after mTBI. These patients were given a standard neurotology clinical examination and vestibular assessment in addition to a cVEMP test.Results: 20 of 63 (31.7%) patients had an abnormal cVEMP response. 75% of these subjects showed no deficiency by clinical exam or VNG and 50% registered a deficiency by pure tone audiometry (PTA).Conclusions: We found that abnormal cVEMP responses were common in dizzy patients..... ReadMore

Weihua Wang, Yujie Zhang, Jiong Zheng and Zhaoxin Ma*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000248

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Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and efficacy of functional preservation surgery combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumors of maxillary sinus. Materials and Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed 6 cases of malignant tumors of maxillary sinus who had undergone functional preservation resection and were given radical radiotherapy 4 weeks after operation between January 2012 and May 2021. One case underwent radical maxillary sinus surgery, 4 cases lateral rhinotomy, and 1 case partial maxillectomy. Results: The series included 6 male patients between 42 and 84 years old (average 58.7 years). Pathological types include squamous cell carcinomas (n=2; 1 case of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas), adenoid cystic carcinoma (n=2), small round cell malignant tumor with intrastr..... ReadMore

Sphoorthi Basavannaiah*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000247

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Ankyloglossia is a congenital anomaly characterized by unusually short lingual frenulum. It can result in varying degree of decreased tongue mobility leading to feeding and speech difficulty and also debatable social issue due to hampered tongue protrusion [1,2]. The pathogenesis of Ankyloglossia is anonymous and its management has been divisive. Though, relatively common it has a prevalence of 0.1 – 10.7 % as reported in the literature with affection more towards males (3:1) [3,4]. In this case report, a family with isolated Ankyloglossia is mentioned in which 3 individuals over 2 generations have Ankyloglossia, inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. As exact pathogenesis is unknown and also there is limited accessibility to case reports, studies regarding genetic predilection of tongue tie. Here, I present this as an assenting case..... ReadMore

Karina Rapsa*, Ingus Vilks and Jegors Safronovs

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000246

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Introduction: Osteoma is the most common benign paranasal sinus tumour. In majority of cases, it is asymptomatic and is diagnosed by chance. We report on a case of giant frontoethmoidal osteoma with intraorbital and intracranial spread. Combined surgical approach was chosen for management of this case. Immediate reconstruction of medial orbital wall and anterior skull base was performed.Case Description: 25 years old man presented to otorhinolaryngology department due to incidental computed tomography finding. Giant osteoma of the right frontoetmoidal region spreading into an orbit and anterior cranial fossa was identified on computed tomography. The patient was absolute candidate for surgical treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to view possible involvement of adjacent intraorbital and int..... ReadMore

Supriya Gopal*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000245

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Music induced hearing loss is caused by listening to loud music on Personal Music Players (PMP) or attending discotheques regularly over a period of time. Exposure to loud music causes physiological changes and damage in the Basilar Membrane especially to the Outer Hair Cells, Inner Hair Cells, and the Auditory Nerve. Damage includes loss of sensitivity to soft sounds, presence of recruitment, tinnitus, reduced frequency selectivity and reduced flow of synapses and information to the auditory cortex. This leads to poor auditory discrimination and reduced temporal fine structure of sounds and poor pitch perception. Hearing loss acquired due to exposure to intense loud music, is typically greatest over the frequency range 3–6 kHz, hence the high frequency hearing loss. Numerou..... ReadMore