Lupine Publishers Group

Bindiya Vijayan, Ancy Mathew, CK Fareena Taj, Krithikaa Sekar, G Lohith*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000258

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Precision medicine is the targeted therapy with personalized approach to cancer treatment, ultimately results in more precise targeting of tumor cells and spares the normal tissues and with minimal toxicities. The currently practised precision/targeted approaches in head and neck cancer are either based on the patient-specific or tumor-specific characteristics which includes the underlying etiology, tumor microenvironment or the genomics. The concept of precision medicine in oncology is focused on identifying therapies that are based on the genetic characterization of a patient’s tumor, thereby tailoring the cancer treatment to a specific gene mutation in an individual patient’s cancer. Though radiation oncology with the recent advancements with image guidance and functional imaging provides a more individualized treatment, it can be ..... ReadMore

Sphoorthi Basavannaiah*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000257

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Congenital laryngeal web constitutes 5% of all congenital laryngeal anomalies. Most of them are either present at birth or in the first few months of life but very rarely at an older age group. It needs both meticulous evaluation and imperative management to the earliest as its presentation can range anywhere between perpetual dysphonia to permanent dyspnoea leading to devastating morbidity and mortality. Congenital laryngeal webs are rare abnormalities of the larynx that accounts to 5% of congenital laryngeal anomalies. They arise due to failure of recanalization of the primitive larynx which should usually occur between 8 to 10 weeks of embryogenesis. Clinical manifestations vary according to the extent of glottic involvement and obstruction [1-3]. Shorter webs accounts to dysphonia while larger webs needless to say causes airway compro..... ReadMore

Claude Hamonet*, Mickael Delarue, Jeremie H Lefevre, Jacques Rottembourg and Jean David Zeitoun

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000256

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Ehlers-Danlos is a hereditary disease of the whole connective tissue initially described by dermatologists (Tscherchnogobov Moscow 1892, Ehlers, Copenhagen, 1900, Danlos, Paris, 1908). They emphasized the joint hyperlaxity and stretchiness of the skin which has long summed up the clinical expression of this entity. In recent decades, many other manifestations have been described and gradually identified, mainly by rheumatologists (Grahame, London, 1960). Several of them concern the digestive tract, mainly gastric reflux and constipation. They can be the cause of serious accidents: bronchial flooding by gastric reflux or aspiration, intestinal obstruction, hernial constriction, eventration, intestinal rupture, peritonitis of vesicular or appendicular origin, hemorrhages. It is important that gastroenterologists know how to link these manif..... ReadMore

Boysen Morten E*, Brandstorp Boesen J and Bratland Åse

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000255

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Current follow-up protocols of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) rely on detection of recurrence at an asymptomatic stage. The evidence supporting a survival benefit of asymptomatic recurrence detection is relatively weak. These protocols are entirely based on assumptions and tradition, not evidence. There is ample evidence supporting the notion that most recurrences are diagnosed through patient symptoms. The staggering preponderance of symptomatic recurrence suggests that patients lack knowledge concerning symptoms that signify recurrence. Patient education should therefore be regarded a key factor of follow-up. We strongly emphasize the need for an easily accessible and adequate description of red flag symptoms that might signify recurrence. Having proper information, patients are less likely to forget,..... ReadMore

Nguyen Nguyen*, Thanh Thai Le, Duy Huy Nguyen, Thi My Duong and Kyu Sung Kim

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000254

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Esophageal foreign bodies are commonly encountered in otolaryngology clinic. The most common esophageal foreign bodies are fish bones which are encountered in Southeast Asia and in Vietnam. The rare complication due to the ingested foreign body is its migration to the deep neck space and the formation of cervical abscess. This case depicts a patient with a fish bone in the esophagus that migrated extraluminally into the posterior cervical space. Moreover, the difficulties in removing the foreign body as well as the management of esophageal perforation are described in detail. Accidental ingestion of fish bone being lodged in the esophagus is a common emergency in otolaryngology practice in Vietnam. Primarily, this is explained by a consequence of long- lasting eating habits and local cooking. Most foreign bodies (FB) can be discovered by ..... ReadMore

Belaldavar BP, Suhasini Hanumaiah* and Reshma Susan Mathew

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000253

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Oral ranula is a retention cyst which arises from the sublingual salivary gland in the floor of the mouth due to ductal obstruction and fluid retention. Various surgical procedures have been quoted in the literature ranging from simple aspiration to complete or partial excision of the ranula. This paper highlights a case report of a huge impending plunging ranula in the floor of the mouth which has been successfully excised completely. The term ranula was derived from the Latin word Rana tigerina, symbolising its resemblance to a bulging frog’s underbelly.1 It classically presents as a soft submucosal swelling in the floor of the mouth. Ranula have a prevalence of about 0.2 cases/1000 persons and accounts for 6% of total sialo-cysts. Marsupialisation is still one of the attractive surgical modalities practiced avoiding injury to the sur..... ReadMore

Mohamed Ali Gliti*, Houda Boudinar, Sophia Nitassi, Bencheikh Razika, Benbouzid Mohamed Anas, Abdelilah Oujilal and Leila Essakalli Houssyni

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000252

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Tuberculosis is an infectious disease; it has a variable degree of presentation, most often pulmonary while the extrapulmonary location is dominated by lymph node involvement, especially cervical. On the other hand, herpes zoster results from the reactivation of the virus that causes varicella. Here, we report the case of cervicofacial herpes zoster complicating ganglion-pulmonary tuberculosis in a 19-year-old female patient with a history of varicella during childhood, who presents bilateral lymphadenopathy, the diagnosis of pulmonary and lymph node tuberculosis is confirmed by histology, she has treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs and the evolution was marked by the presence of lymphadenopathy and the appearance of cervicofacial herpes zoster. Tuberculosis remains a major infectious scourge, particularly in developing countries. In 25%..... ReadMore

Harshavardhan Annigeri and Borlingegowda Viswanatha*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000251

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Background: Perforation of tympanic membrane decreases surface area and allows the sound waves to pass through middle ear directly. Size of perforation and severity of the hearing loss are related. Aim: The present study was aimed to evaluate association between hearing loss with site and size of tympanic membrane perforation. Methods: All patients between 15-60 years of age with chronic otitis media safe type attending to outpatient clinic of ENT, Bangalore Medical College over the period of one year were included in this hospital-based retrospective study. The patients with unsafe CSOM, mixed hearing loss, and refusal to participate in the study, were excluded. Results: 52% patients aged between 21 and 30 years. Male to female ratio was 1.7:1. 53% patients belonged to average socioeconomic class. The most common symptom on presentation ..... ReadMore

Ljiljana Širić*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000250

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Purpose: Defining the prosodic features of alaryngeal speech and determining their differences depending on the type of alternative speech. Methods: The study included 60 laryngectomized subjects of both sexes with a mean age of 63 years. The subjects were divided into three groups depending on the type of alternative alaryngeal speech. Prosodic features were assessed using a four-component scale for the assessment of prosody of alaryngeal speech by three examiners. Statistical data processing was done using the SPSS statistical package. Results: Significant differences were found between tracheoesophageal, esophageal, and electro laryngeal speech with respect to melody and accent performance, and variable rhythm, while the existing differences in the realization of pauses in speech were not significant. Most tracheoesophageal subjects ha..... ReadMore

Eytan A David*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000249

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Objective: We sought to assess the feasibility of cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) as a diagnostic tool for patients experiencing dizziness after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in tertiary neurotology clinic. We used cVEMP to estimate the prevalence of saccular dysfunction after mTBI.Design: This was a cross-sectional study of patients referred to a tertiary neurotology clinic for dizziness after mTBI. These patients were given a standard neurotology clinical examination and vestibular assessment in addition to a cVEMP test.Results: 20 of 63 (31.7%) patients had an abnormal cVEMP response. 75% of these subjects showed no deficiency by clinical exam or VNG and 50% registered a deficiency by pure tone audiometry (PTA).Conclusions: We found that abnormal cVEMP responses were common in dizzy patients..... ReadMore

Weihua Wang, Yujie Zhang, Jiong Zheng and Zhaoxin Ma*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000248

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Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and efficacy of functional preservation surgery combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumors of maxillary sinus. Materials and Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed 6 cases of malignant tumors of maxillary sinus who had undergone functional preservation resection and were given radical radiotherapy 4 weeks after operation between January 2012 and May 2021. One case underwent radical maxillary sinus surgery, 4 cases lateral rhinotomy, and 1 case partial maxillectomy. Results: The series included 6 male patients between 42 and 84 years old (average 58.7 years). Pathological types include squamous cell carcinomas (n=2; 1 case of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas), adenoid cystic carcinoma (n=2), small round cell malignant tumor with intrastr..... ReadMore

Sphoorthi Basavannaiah*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000247

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Ankyloglossia is a congenital anomaly characterized by unusually short lingual frenulum. It can result in varying degree of decreased tongue mobility leading to feeding and speech difficulty and also debatable social issue due to hampered tongue protrusion [1,2]. The pathogenesis of Ankyloglossia is anonymous and its management has been divisive. Though, relatively common it has a prevalence of 0.1 – 10.7 % as reported in the literature with affection more towards males (3:1) [3,4]. In this case report, a family with isolated Ankyloglossia is mentioned in which 3 individuals over 2 generations have Ankyloglossia, inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. As exact pathogenesis is unknown and also there is limited accessibility to case reports, studies regarding genetic predilection of tongue tie. Here, I present this as an assenting case..... ReadMore

Karina Rapsa*, Ingus Vilks and Jegors Safronovs

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000246

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Introduction: Osteoma is the most common benign paranasal sinus tumour. In majority of cases, it is asymptomatic and is diagnosed by chance. We report on a case of giant frontoethmoidal osteoma with intraorbital and intracranial spread. Combined surgical approach was chosen for management of this case. Immediate reconstruction of medial orbital wall and anterior skull base was performed.Case Description: 25 years old man presented to otorhinolaryngology department due to incidental computed tomography finding. Giant osteoma of the right frontoetmoidal region spreading into an orbit and anterior cranial fossa was identified on computed tomography. The patient was absolute candidate for surgical treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to view possible involvement of adjacent intraorbital and int..... ReadMore

Supriya Gopal*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000245

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Music induced hearing loss is caused by listening to loud music on Personal Music Players (PMP) or attending discotheques regularly over a period of time. Exposure to loud music causes physiological changes and damage in the Basilar Membrane especially to the Outer Hair Cells, Inner Hair Cells, and the Auditory Nerve. Damage includes loss of sensitivity to soft sounds, presence of recruitment, tinnitus, reduced frequency selectivity and reduced flow of synapses and information to the auditory cortex. This leads to poor auditory discrimination and reduced temporal fine structure of sounds and poor pitch perception. Hearing loss acquired due to exposure to intense loud music, is typically greatest over the frequency range 3–6 kHz, hence the high frequency hearing loss. Numerou..... ReadMore

Tachibana Tomoko*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000244

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Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a multifactorial disease that develops with many causes such as aging, obesity, genetic factors, and mechanical load. The main symptoms of OA are the initial degeneration and destruction of knee articular cartilage, and the mechanical load and accumulation of abnormal bone turnover (bone resorption and formation) that occurs in the subchondral bone. Until now, physiotherapy approaches for knee OA have been focused on as the main pathological conditions of articular cartilage destruction and bone changes around the joints. However, in recent years, it has been perceived as a regression change in all joint components, including the meniscus, joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles. The purpose of this review is to explain current physiotherapy methods a..... ReadMore

Ahmet Doblan*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000243

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Introduction: Although there are numerous studies on the etiology and treatment of tinnitus, most have not provided a definitive conclusion. Vascular and hematological abnormalities play an important role in the etiology of tinnitus. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the usability of the platelet mass index as a new inflammatory marker in patients with tinnitus.Material and Method: The detailed medical records (examination notes, drug use, radiological evaluations, audiological evaluations, and previous vascular-cardiac-autological surgical procedures) of 1,079 tinnitus patients presenting to our clinic between January 2019 and May 2020 were examined, and a retrospective hemogram evaluation was performed in 176 patients meeting the inclusion criteria in tinnitus group. As the control group, ..... ReadMore

Sumit Sharma* and Suvarna Sharma

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000242

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Lymphangioma is a benign hamartomatous hyperplasia of lymphatic vessels, with three-fourths of all cases occurring in the head and neck region [1-4]...... ReadMore

Anand R*, Shyam Kalyan N, Jaisy J Vikkath and Aruchamy M

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000241

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The management of cochlear implant exposure can be very challenging especially in the pediatric population where reconstructive options are limited. Various techniques comprising conservative and surgical methods have been used to prevent explanation with variable success rates. We describe the use of the temporoparietal fascial flap (TPFF) for this purpose due to its wide coverage and tension-free closure. We present the case of a child who had implant exposure 3 months after the surgery. He was managed conservatively initially. When this failed restoring of the wound was done. However, this also was not successful. Then we tried coverage with TPFF and split-thickness skin grafting of the TPFF donor site which succeeded. Our experience provides evidence that TPFF can be used for the coverage of post aural wound in cases o..... ReadMore

Paul T E Cusack*

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000240

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In this paper, we consider the injuries incurred from autofellatio that cause digestive problems. The esophagus is put on a mathematical basis and the force necessary to allow for the bolus to enter the stomach...... ReadMore

Osuji AE* and Nwogbo A

DOI : 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000239

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Introduction: Hyperacusis is the sensitivity or intolerance to some everyday sound in such a way that it causes significant distress to the person, and impairs their social, recreational, occupational and day to day life. Most patients have a normal or near-normal pure tone hearing threshold, with a decreased loudness discomfort level. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been reported to be effective in relieving the distress caused by hyperacusis in patients. There is a rarity of data on hyperacusis in Nigeria, probably being submerged in the general perception as incidents of delusive tendency. This scoping review aimed to examine the range and nature of available research on hyperacusis in Nigeria and to identify the research gap in the literature to aid conception of future hyperacusis research in Nigeria.Method: ..... ReadMore