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Xiangying Guo, Xiangyang Sun, and Dongxing Cao*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000147

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The two-dimensional phononic crystal structures of W-silicone rubber are designed here for the low-frequency vibration absorption by applying both the plane wave expansion method and finite element method. The band structures of phononic crystal are calculated and some special phenomena in the band structures are discussed, such as the Dirac point and the degenerate state near the Dirac point and so on. Moreover, the main deformations of different modes for the structure are given, which indicated that the stress concentration is easy to occur in joint parts of the matrix and scatter. Furthermore, the influence of different parameters on the band gaps of the phononic crystal is discussed by finite element method, including the density ratio and the Young’s modulus ratio. At last, the defect state of two-dimensional phonon..... ReadMore

Ni J, Zhou ZZ, Xu XK, Liu Q*, Shen FR, and He LH

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000146

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Transition metal (TM) Mn2+ activated Ca-α-SiAlON phosphors with compositions of Ca1-xSi9Al3ON15:xMn2+ (x=0.02∼0.16) have been designed and synthesized through a high temperature solid-state reaction. In the polyhedron structure of Ca-α-SiAlON host (P31c), Mn2+ ions can be accommodated in the lattice without destabalizing the crystal structure, which has been revealed by both XRD and neutron powder diffraction (NPD) characterization. The successful doping of TM Mn2+ in host was further confirmed by magnetic susceptibility characterization and the occupation of Mn2+ in lattice was analyzed through Rietveld refinement of crystal structure. The slight left-shift of diffraction peaks in XRD patterns and Gaussian fitting sub-bands of emission spectra all proved that the activators Mn2+ in Ca-α-SiAlON host not only incorporate into the “s..... ReadMore

Paul TE Cusack*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000145

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In this paper, we consider Teflon as exhibiting key parameters of the Ether well discussed in previous papers by the same author. A previous paper considered the Ether as Beryllium Dichloride. No definitive decision has been deduced as to what the Ether is most near in material science parameters. However, it does seem that the Ether models Teflon more nearly..... ReadMore

Yogesh Singla* and Rakesh Joshi

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000144

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The objective of the present investigation was to measure the mechanical properties of dissimilar weld joints of copper to stainless steel 304, fabricated using Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process. As-welded specimens were heat treated to a temperature of 650 °C for 1h, 2h and 3h. Tensile strength and microhardness measurements were made to analyze the effect of post weld heat treatment on the mechanical properties of dissimilar weld joints of copper and stainless steel. Specimens heat treated at 3h showed increase tensile strength and hardness, when compared to the specimen’s heat treated at 1h and 2h...... ReadMore

Paul TE Cusack*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000143

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Here we provide some basic calculations on the ellipsoid universe and the matter that makes it up called Ether. We see that, if we model the Ether as Teflon, a polymer, that certain constants drop out ion the calculations. This paper is to be read with the Astrotheology series by the same author, especially the paper The Ether: The Universal Material...... ReadMore

Kolev G, Denishev K, Aleksandrova M* and Tzaneva B

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000142

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Microsensor design for ammonia (NH3) gas detection was proposed. The sensor is 4 segmented and consists of sensing resistors - interdigitated electrodes and ammonia sensing layer, deposited on thermal oxidized silicon substrate with specific in shape microheater and thermocouple. The zinc oxide (ZnO) layer, grown by RF sputtering method, was used as an ammonia sensing coating. The ammonia sensor, which is of resistive type, changes its resistance, when the sensing film adsorbs or desorbs ammonia gas. The thermal decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) is used to provide constant and stable ratio NH3: CO2 = 2:1, receptivity 66% and 33% [g/mol] in volume. The results obtained from the testing of the ammonia gas are reported for temperature range between 25°C and 50°C. Resulting change in the segments resistance ..... ReadMore

Bouaziz O*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000141

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Thanks to the measurements of the Bauschinger effect and the twin volume fraction, the local stress within twins in Twinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steels has been experimentally determined. It is found that this local stress rapidly increases as a function of plastic strain to levels higher than 2GPa and can be probably higher than 3GPa for strains larger than 0.2. Mechanisms suitable to explain this order of magnitude are briefly discussed...... ReadMore

Satheesh KP, Pradeep Raju B and Suresh Kumar N*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000140

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The metals U(VI) and Pd (II) gives yellow coloration with the reagent 4-Hydroxy benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone(4-HBTS) in acidic medium simultaneous determination of both the metal ions U(VI) and Pd (II) can be done by using second order derivative spectrophotometric technique. For the determination of composition of metal complexes Job’s method and mole ratio method were employed...... ReadMore

Jacek Karpiesiuk*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000139

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The Lightweight Floor System with aluminum foil (LFS-L) has high thermal efficiency and meets the conditions of comfortable use. With this in mind, research work in the field of civil engineering began, which resulted in the development of an original lightweight technical solution for the heating floor. The layer connecting floor tiles with aluminum foil, which dissipates heat in LFS-L is polyurethane adhesive. To develop a computational model for a lightweight floor without screeds was appointed the strength indicators of this adhesive, such as Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, which are not available in the literature. They were determined using tensile strength tests of polyurethane adhesive...... ReadMore

Bahman Zohuri* and Masoud Moghaddam

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000138

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With today’s growing interest toward Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its augmentation as part of integrated business from banking to eCommerce, medical applications and others, we are getting more and more dependency on AI in our day to day operations. However, the most sophisticated AI or Super AI (SAI) still needs to rely on its two other integrated sub-sets of components namely, Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL). However, there certain limitation and flaws that exists within DL component of AI or SAI that will cause and error to grow way beyond control and will impact its main master component namely AI and SAI for its final processing of data and information in a trusted way of process of the precise decision making and prediction of event including any forecasting as part of its Use Case (UC) and Service Level Agreement..... ReadMore

Bahman Zohuri* and Masoud Moghaddam

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2020.02.000137

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With today’s growing information and overloading of its volume based on tremendous size of data growing to the level of big data, Business Intelligence (BI) is not enough to handle any day-to-day business operation of any enterprises. It is becoming tremendously difficult to analyze the huge amounts of data that contain the information and makes it very strenuous and inconvenient to introduce an appropriate methodology of decision-making fast enough to the point that it can be, considered as real time, a methodology that we used to call it BI. The demand for real time processing information and related data both structured and unstructured is on the rise and consequently makes it harder and harder to implement correct decision making at enterprise level that was driven by BI, in order to keep the organizat..... ReadMore

Zakarian DA* and Khachatrian AV

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000136

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A phenomenological approach has been developed for the mathematical description of the hardening of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) and a quantitative assessment of their hardness. It is shown that in HEAs with a bcc lattice, the degree of hardening is always greater than in HEAs with a fcc lattice (with the same number of elements in alloys). To calculate the relative hardening of the alloy, the type of crystal lattice and its parameter value are required. The calculation results are consistent with experimental data. Basic parameters of HEAs are calculated from first principles. The proposed method can be considered acceptable for assessing the hardness and degree of hardening of multi-element alloys (HEAS)..... ReadMore

Ali Hilal Alnaqbi* and Sawsan Dagher

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000135

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Smart materials are a group of materials that alter its properties based on changes in their environment, thus making them stimuli-responsive materials. This study provides an overview of the six main categories of the recently used smart materials, namely, piezoelectric materials, photovoltaic materials, shape-memory materials, magneto strictive materials, thermoelectric materials, and chromogenic materials...... ReadMore

Adeosun AS, Abere DV*, Akinwole IE, Ojo SA, Otebe S, Uzuh FD, Abubakar UBS and Goyol CG

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000134

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This study investigated the de-phosphorization, de-sulphurization and de-mineralization of roasted pre-treated Koton-karfe iron ore by atmospheric organic acid leaching with the aim of upgrading the iron ore to concentrate and super-concentrate for use in indirect and direct iron making processes, respectively. The work involved chemical and mineralogical characterization,roasting pre-treatment and particle size analysis of the iron ore as-received, as-roasted and as-leached. The ore as-received and as-roasted at 750˚C was subjected to factorial design based atmospheric organic acid leaching at fine and coarse particle sizes of 75 and 475µm; low and high contact times of 30 and 90 minutes were observed. Operation carried out at concentrations of 0.2 and 1.0 M at temperatures of 30 and 90˚C. The leaching was carried out in single and mu..... ReadMore

Cássio Barbosa*, Sheyla Santana de Carvalho, Ibrahim de Cerqueira Abud, Lisiane Gonçalves de Lima and Denise Souza de Freitas

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000133

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In the last years the development of the mechanical and metallurgical industry has led to the search for materials with even better mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, with the purpose of withstanding severe conditions of use and thus assessing better performance for equipments and structures that use components fabricated with such materials, thereby requiring the characterization of the microstructure of these materials that influence considerably their properties. With this purpose, techniques such as optical microscopy, microhardness tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), comprising EDS (X ray energy dispersion spectroscopy), WDS (X ray wavelength dispersion spectroscopy) and EBSD (electron back scattering diffraction) analysis proce..... ReadMore

Yiwang Bao*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000132

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After the wide application of pre-stressing in the fields of concrete and glass, a pre-stressing design is interested in ceramics. A simple and economical technique via pre-stressing now solves a worldwide challenge — simultaneously improving the strength and damage tolerance of brittle ceramics...... ReadMore

Eid EA*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000131

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The present research has been reinforced the aluminum bronze matrix composites (ABMCs) of weight concentration (Cu89-Al11) by individual and/or hybrid additions of Al2O3 and CNTs. ABMCs were fabricated via powder metallurgy technique. The physical properties such as density, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, hardness, and wear rate of the ABMCs alloys have been investigated. Microstructure features were discovered by utilizing SEM and EDX examination. The addition of 2 wt. % of CNTs was caused more refined grains and increased their uniform distribution otherwise adding of 2 wt. % Al2O3 agglomerates throughout the active grain boundaries. The hybrid addition of 1.0 wt. % of Al2O3 and 1.0Wt % CNTs improved the both hardness and wear resistance due to the physical synergistic reinforcement of them. Moreover, their good distribu..... ReadMore

Bandara TMWJ*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000130

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The stability in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) can be improved by replacing their liquid electrolytes by gel polymer electrolytes. Gel polymer electrolytes, containing binary iodides having small and large cations improve, efficiency in DSCs without degrading the mechanical properties of the electrolyte. A new gel polymer electrolyte, suitable for DSCs, is prepared with PEO and binary salts LiI and tetrapropylammonium iodide. The conductivity in the electrolyte is 3.48mS cm-1 at 25 °C and it increases gradually with increasing temperature. The temperature dependence of conductivity of this PEO based gel electrolyte follows the VTF equation. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor values of the electrolyte are 0.024eV and 53.4SKcm-1 respectively. Solar cell assembled with this new gel polymer electrolyte exhibits very good sh..... ReadMore

Kopei BV*, Man’ko TA and Romenska OP

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000129

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The question of the possibility of using carbon fiber pipes based on carbon fiber UKN / 5000 (traditional and modified by atmospheric plasma treatment in an acrylic acid environment) as a material of pipelines for the oil industry is considered. The use of carbon fiber pipelines will significantly reduce the weight of the product and increase its reliability during operation. Experimental studies of the strength of carbon fiber pipelines with an internal working pressure of up to 7.5 MPa at a load of 10,000 cycles were carried out. The object of study is the pipeline elements in the form of a pipe with metal bushings at the ends. With the help of metal bushings, samples of the carbon fiber pipeline elements were installed in a laboratory stand to simulate the effect of internal working pressure on the deformation features of the specimen..... ReadMore

Wing Lam Tsang High*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2019.02.000128

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Due to the presence of interfacial failure in tapered double cantilever beam (TDCB) tests, single-edge notch three-point bending (SENB) tests were performed for further investigations of high rate effect on the fracture properties of particles toughened epoxies. These testing conditions including quasi-static test rate and relatively high rate (0.1 and 1 m/s). Testing formulations including silica, CSR, silica/CSR hybrids (with equal weight % of silica and CSR particles), ceramic microsphere, Polyethersulfone (PES) and their hybrid toughened epoxies. There were many combinations of wt% of particles included for further understanding of materials behaviour. Tensile testing results were presented first, as it is required for calculating fracture energy using linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) method. The fracture experimental results..... ReadMore