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Bahman Zohuri*, Masoud J Moghaddam

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000196

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For Electromagnetic (EM) Weapons approach, this author suggests that one should look at Longitudinal Scalar Wave (LSW) or Pressure Wave as a newly developed weapon in future directed energy warfare and take advantage of such innovative approach. Additionally, besides the only weapon application of this wave, we can have biomedical applications of such pressure wave at a lower frequency. Even the LSW at low frequency can produce cheap energy by taking advantage of Deuterium + Deuterium Fusion interaction, where we can reduce or lower the nuclear potential barrier, consequently, make the fusion of D+D to take place at a lower temperature. Similarly, this wave at certain frequency can be used for under-water communication, where submarine communities or special warfare group of any modern navy can utilize it. With this short review, it can b..... ReadMore

Bahman Zohuri*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000195

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As the technology of exploring space is growing within this existing century, we are seeing more and more entrepreneur with deep financial pocket are trying to go to space with their massive technical efforts behind it. With thrive and innovative approach of Artificial Intelligence, companies are pushing more and more toward autonomous driving vehicle, where type of cars required to have a 100% stereo coverage of earth surface for their driving aspect of autonomy along with uplink and downlink communication in use and for that they either need satellites parked at Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO) or Low Earth Orbit (LEO) without any doubts. Most of these sophisticated satellites are carrying a lot of digital electronic gadgets on board that are they may or may not be susceptible to Space Radiation Environment either natural or man-made forms on..... ReadMore

Irma Rocio Vazquez and Sakineh Chabi*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000194

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Membrane separation technology holds a key role across various research areas and disciplines ranging from water desalination and purification systems to fuel cell technologies. Basically, membrane is a thin material which separates mass by selective transportation of one species of a mixture through it, while retaining other species behind. This ability to regulate permeation, has made membrane technology appealing in different mass separation applications. However, throughout membrane technologies, there are hurdles to overcome to achieve an optimal membrane such as a tradeoff between permeability and selectivity, and a need for more robust materials [1-3]. In this regard, graphene membranes offer tremendous potentials for use in membrane technologies. Graphene membrane is only one or few atoms thick, but it possesses excellent mechanic..... ReadMore

Sai Harsha S*, Chandra Sekhara Rao PV

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000193

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Residual stresses are those stresses that remain in an object (in particular, in a welded component) even in the absence of external loading or thermal gradients. In some cases. residual stresses result in significant plastic deformation, leading to warping and distortion of an object. In others, they affect susceptibility to fracture and fatigue. Welding is considered a highly complex metallurgic process that results in irregular geometries, material inadequacies/flaws and tensile residual stresses. High tensile residual stresses and stress concentrations resulting from the weld process have a significant impact on fatigue life of structures, and thus a topic of great concern product design. This paper investigates the prediction of residual stresses developed in shielded metal arc welding of high thickness DH32 (ASTM A131) steel plates ..... ReadMore

Janis Blahins* and Arnolds Ubelis

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000192

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Currently, besides semiconductor manufacturing, ion implantation is used for many other purposes, e.g., sensor manufacturing, hardening of metal surfaces, friction modification, chemical resistance alteration, painting and many others. Most of turnover in the industry (about 70% is made by research driven MEs), thus the new generation of implanters ought to be user friendly to highly flexible and small-scale production in small size enterprises. The development history of ion sources in detail can be found in [1]. The [2] discusses advantages and weakness between ion sources. Due to extremely low volatility with melting point at 2076°C and boiling point at 3927°C [3] the development of Boron ion source is a technological challenge. Since early 1960’s various boron containing molecules were investigated until boron rifluoride gas (BF3,..... ReadMore

Christos P Beretas*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000191

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The future of the car is in electrification, electrification is still in its infancy, in relation to the experience that exists with internal combustion engines, but also have a major environmental disadvantage as well as for the production of electricity, in various countries carried out with the use of oil with the combustion of lignite, this has as a consequence the burden on the environment. My research proposal is based on the philosophy that with e-mobility begins a new ecological era, on the one hand cannot create ecological cars and on the other hand to burden the environment for the increasing use of energy that will be required when it growsThe use of a servo mechanism, ie a slow tuning tuner, will be able to start a power generating mechanism, ie a generator, this tuner will be in the charging place of the cars, ie the refuelin..... ReadMore

Bahman Zohuri*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000190

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An electromagnetic pump is a pump that moves liquid in form of metal in particular, any electrically conductive liquid using electromagnetism phenomena. By law of physics of electromagnetic, a magnetic field can be defined as a set at right angles to the direction the liquid moves in, while a current is passing through it as well. This events, induce an electromagnetic force for the movements of the liquid. Applications of electromagnetic pump is including pumping liquid metal through any cooling system that are installed inside of liquid metal container in particular. Electromagnetic Pumps are passive pump system and have been integrated in use for pumping liquid sodium in auxiliary cooling circuits such as fill and drain from the container of such metallic liquid, and purification circuits of sodium cooled fast breeder nuclear reactors,..... ReadMore

Bahman Zohuri*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000189

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This short communication gives an overall account of small modular reactors and then walks through the nuclear micro reactors as the next generation of small modular reactors, which is the next wave of innovation for these SMRs. These next wave ride on the fact that future nuclear reactors are getting smaller and modular as well transportable. In this paper we are covering a summary and overall aspect of Generation IV (GEN-IV), or they are also known as Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) as well. In the book by Zohuri [1], we also, cover Nuclear Micro Reactor and its need and implementation within Department of Defense (DOD) military organizations. Growth of population globally has direct impact on demand for energy. Almost 18% percent growth in population and their required daily life on energy and electricity demand presents a different dime..... ReadMore

Mohammad Faris*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000188

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India is the agricultural dominated country where 75% if its population depends upon the agriculture for production of wheat, groundnut, mustard, cotton Tea, Coffee, pulses, soya and Jute. According to the central organization of oil trade (COOTI), 89.5 lakh ton mustard seed was produced during 2020-2021.The Mustard Husk residue easily available in the states which are producing Mustard crop. The mustard seed cellulose after extracting the oil used as the cattle feed supplement which increase the milk extent. The Mustard husk use as the industry fuel for heating the water in boilers for power generation. Agricultural wastes like mustard husk, rice husk, Palm husk and fly husk have the excellent raw material for producing the silica (SiO2). Silica is the Major constituent of Mustard husk ash(MHA) by which it is very become economical for p..... ReadMore

George Tannous and Bahman Zohuri*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000187

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This is a patent pending solar energy powered (Thermal and Photo Voltage (PV)) hydroponic system that can be installed anywhere in the world. The system consists of scalable hydroponic technology, solar water purification system that provides clean water for the plants and advanced solar thermal collectors, based on Heat Pipe Technology, used to provide up to 400°F hot water supply. The hot water is used in an innovative air-conditioning system that uses an absorption chiller to replace the compressor in traditional air-conditioning systems and operates on heat source without electricity, except for the pumps that is powered by the photovoltaic panels’ arrays. The solar collectors are also used for water purification or even desalination, if necessary. The Light Emission Diode (LED) lights provides the necessary light for the plants, t..... ReadMore

Gunel T Imanova*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000186

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The physical properties and crystal structure of ZrO2 were determined. The basic properties of nanostructured materials are given. The prospects for the use of nanomaterials in the nuclear-power engineering, associated with the creation of nanostructured materials and coatings for structural elements of nuclear-power engineering plant and future thermal nuclear reactor to increase hardness and strength characteristics, raising corrosion and radiation resistance have been considered. The radiation- heterogeneous processes of water decomposition zirconium dioxide (n-ZrO2 ) nanoparticles have been studied. The kinetics of buildup of molecular hydrogen in the radiolytic processes of water decomposition has been examined. The kinetics of molecular hydrogen accumulation at a gamma radiolysis of water on n-ZrO2 surface is investigated. Influence..... ReadMore

Milad Shabanpour and Alireza Fallahi Arezoodar*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000185

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Electromagnetic sheet forming is a high-velocity process that the strain rate is considerable. The formability of the material increased in the high strain rate process. In this study, an Al/Cu two- layer sheet’s formability at a high strain rate is investigated using electromagnetic forming. The two-layer sheet produced by the explosive method was used to create different geometry and different strain states in the experimental test. The necking strain was extracted by griding the sheet. The coil is designed to create enough pressure to reach the fracture in the sheet. The driver sheet is also used to create more pressure on the workpiece. The displacement of the sheet and the strain distribution were investigated in a different geometry with different widths. The magnetic pressure is 19% higher in the CA lay-p (Cu near the coil and Al..... ReadMore

Chao Guo, Dongyang Niu, Jia Liu, Xiaogang Bao and Guohua Xu*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000184

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Objective: To evaluate the biological activity, safety and effectiveness of poly (lactic acid), poly (glycolic acid) and poly (ethylene glycol) / calcium phosphate cement (PLGA-PEG-PLGA/CPC) in vivo and in vitro. Methods: The PLGA-PEG-PLGA/CPC composite bone cement was used to interact with MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblasts in vitro, and the in vitro compatibility of the bone cement was tested by CCK8 experiment. Alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase activity were used Detect the osteogenic properties of the bone cement. Twenty healthy female New Zealand rabbits were selected for the establishment of ovariectomized osteoporosis model, and imaging and histomorphology were used to evaluate.10 rabbits used 30wt.% PLGA-PEG-PLGA/CPC composite bone cement with good physical and chemical properties and in vitro activity to be implanted into t..... ReadMore

Yan Zhang*, Yan Kun Chen, Hao Yuan Zeng, Da Qian Sun and Hong Mei Li

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000183

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The manufacture of lightweight vehicle bodies is an effective way to conserve energy and reduce harmful gas emissions. It is a very popular area of research with the growing problems of energy and environment [1,2]. Al/steel hybrid structures are instrumental in the construction of components with lightweight designs that reduce energy consumption [3]. Low carbon steel DC 04 is the preferred material for great elongation, and 6016 aluminum alloy is known for its high fatigue limit [4]. Therefore, they are primarily used in the automotive industry...... ReadMore

Bahman Zohuri*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000182

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With recent attention to high power energy and its interaction with materials of different type, both in industry and military application, this paper covers a short review into subject of materials response in respect to such high-power energy lasers. In this paper, we are covering laser interaction with matter and different stages that matter goes through, sheet of metal that has transition from solid to melt and vapor and finally plasma stage driven by longer time interaction of such high-power laser with target of interest. We have also covered other industrial application of these type of laser in the field of medical as well as cosmetology and briefly have touched their military applications...... ReadMore

Hideo Nakajima*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.04.000181

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Recent development of fabrication methods of porous metals with open channels are introduced. Open-channel aluminum was fabricated by extracting template wires coated with lubricant out of solidified aluminum. The lubricant serves as a diffusion barrier between template wire and its surrounding aluminum. The penetration ratio of the through-holes is 100%. The hole size, hole length and porosity are uniquely controlled by thickness, length, and the number of template metallic wires, respectively. The methodology for producing the open-channel metals is expected opportunities for application technologies such as functional materials like heat sinks, heat exchangers, shock absorbing materials and light-weight structural materials...... ReadMore

Hasan S AlMatrouk, Fahad Al-Ajmi, Do Ngoc Son, Viorel Chihaia* and Valentin Alexiev

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.03.000180

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In this work, we investigate the formation/decomposition boundaries in the P–T phase diagram of the magnesium hydrides. The formation/decomposition boundaries are obtained based on the Gibbs free energy determined by DFT and CALPHAD calculations for the most stable polymorphs of magnesium hydride (α-MgH2, γ-MgH2, and ε-MgH2), of the hcp polymorph of the crystalline magnesium, and of the hydrogen gas (in the real gas model) in the pressure and temperature ranges 0-10 GPa and 0-1200 K, respectively..... ReadMore

Pondi P, Achebo J and Ozigagun A*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.03.000179

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One of the limitations associated with response surface methodology (RSM) is that an understanding of the trend and pattern of the input variable is required for every model. It means therefore that the performance of RSM is dependent on the beauty of experimental design. Therefore, to predict the response variables beyond the scope of experimentation, predictive model such as artificial neural network (ANN) is required. The focus of the study is to apply artificial neural network for the prediction of tig process parameter such as Brinell hardness number (BHN), heat input (HI) and cooling rate (CR) which is required for eliminating post weld crack formation, and stabilizing heat input in mild steel weldment. The key input parameters considered in this work are welding current, welding voltage and welding speed while the response or measu..... ReadMore

Alexis Tigreros and Jaime Portilla*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.03.000178

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Organic fluorescent compounds are playing and will play an important role in scientific research in the next decades owing to their potential technological applications in the fields of chemo sensors, biological imaging, and optical evices [1]. With hundreds of metal-free dyes published every year an immediate question arises: is there any room for new organic fluorophores? To find an appropriate answer, we should analyze the present and past of organic fluorophores. On one hand, conventional organic fluorophores like pyrene, anthracene, or perylene are essentially non-fluorescent in the solid-state, which limits their usage in practical applications..... ReadMore

Bahman Zohuri*

DOI : 10.32474/MAMS.2021.03.000177

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With recent renewal interest in survivability, radiation hardening against cold or hot x-ray as well as high power laser energy among defense companies and military communities, radiation shielding of military equipment becomes an imperative task and requirement. Materials used in radiation shielding is one way to go to protect any vulnerable digital circuits in form of an integrated circuit, and consequently selecting of such ICs for a radiation environment also becomes a necessity as part of survivability requirements. Thermomechanical properties of materials as part of shielding are also going to play a huge role as part of protection of these ICs as well. With most countries getting involved with their nuclear arsenal development, protection of our assets in space or on ground such as electric circuits and grids is another issue that ..... ReadMore