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Hye Won Lee, MD, PhD*

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2022.03.000163

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First, the entire tumor volume is obviously reduced. Extravasated mucin, thickened and hyalinized vasculature was often observed. Compared to chemotherapy, which transforms into significant eosinophilic cytoplasm or bizarre morphology, the morphologic change of the tumor cell due to RT is slight. Because the operation is performed several weeks after RT, the tumor portion is replaced by dense fibrotic tissue and often regenerating surface epithelium rather than young fibroblasts. Because of only a tiny number of scattered tumor nests exist, it is difficult to confirm the remaining tumor tissue after RT for research grossly, even an experienced pathologist. So, it is so challenging to collect fresh tissue from an appropriate site. To proceed with research using the remaining tumor tissue after RT, it is appropriate to use formalin-fixed pa..... ReadMore

Benrekia A, Dellal Y, Chott I and Ghouini A*

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2021.03.000162

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The role of calcium in nutritional balance and its importance in the proper functioning of the body are widely accepted [1]. Calcium is very common in the diet, however it is milk and its derivatives that exhibit optimal bioavailability [2]. The interest of studying the factors influencing this bioavailability is capital for better management of dietary advice to cover calcium needs; calcium absorption depending on the source of calcium and the nature of the diet [3,4]. Our study aims to define the dietary sources of calcium, the factors influencing the absorbability and its bioavailability in order to adapt the diets to calcium needs. Patients and Methods 100 volunteers of both sexes aged between 20 and 60 years, from the regions of central Algeria (Médéa, Chlef and Ain Defla) participated in the cross-sectional study for 3 months in 2..... ReadMore

Koh Yamashita* and Toru Aizawa

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2021.03.000156

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Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is not simply the hepatic manifestation of obesity and diabetes but also linked to hepatocellular carcinoma. Yet, its effective treatment has not been established. In this study, we evaluated the effect of a short-term administration of luseogliflozin to patients with type 2 diabetes having non-alcohol fatty liver disease. Luseogliflozin is a unique sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor which is metabolized in and excreted by the liver in addition to the kidney. Therefore, the drug might possess an additional effect on other agents of the same class which are exclusively metabolized in the kidney.Methods: Using alanine aminotransferase >20 IU/L as a diagnostic basis for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, 19 patients, not taking alcohol, with type 2 diabetes (male/female 15/4, the median age..... ReadMore

Mathurin Pierre Kowo*, Raoul Rigobert Dim Bassi, Jan René Nkeck, Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam, Vicky Jocelyne Ama Moor, Firmin Ankouane Andoulo, Isabelle Dang Babagna Timba and Madeleine Singwé Ngandeu

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2020.03.000155

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Background: Metabolic bone disorders are frequent in patients with cirrhosis. These two conditions are usually misdiagnosed in Sub-Saharan Africa before the onset of complications. A full evaluation of metabolic bone disorders in patients with liver cirrhosis is difficult in our milieu and osteodensitometry is rarely available. In this preliminary study, we sought to determine the necessity of a cost-effective method, the Nordin’s Index, in the evaluation of osteoporosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study from January to May 2017 in Yaoundé. We compared the data of 19 patients (15 men, 4 women) with post viral liver cirrhosis and 17 controls (13 men, 4 women) paired with age, gender and body mass index (BMI). Data collected included vitamin D levels, serum and uri..... ReadMore

Garbuzov RV*, Polyaev Yu A, Donyush EK and Kondrashova ZA

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2020.03.000153

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Introduction: A case presented to the public demonstrates the possibility of treatment with Sirolimus in a patient with progressive multifocal liver Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH) with progressive growth and a tendency to formation of liver function insufficiency after splenorenal shunt for portal hypertension.Material and Methods: Patient E. 08.03.2001 year of birth c Diagnosed with multifocal bilobar nodular liver hyperplasia after splenorenal bypass surgery for portal hypertension, established in 2018/ Sirolimus treatment was prescribed from 06.22.18 to the present.Conclusion: As a result of the treatment with Sirolimus, a normalization of the level of liver enzymes, bilirubin in the blood is noted. According to radiation methods, a reduction in liver size and FNH size is up to 30%...... ReadMore

Vladimir L Martynov*

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2020.03.000152

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The goal is to assess the impact of biogenetic on the condition of patients with psoriasisMaterials and Methods: The study group included 415 patients aged 19 to 65 years (34% of men and 66% of women), in whom irrigoscopy revealed the injection of contrast into the ileum, i.e., the insolvency of the baugine flap (NBZ) was diagnosed, 74 of them suffered from psoriasis. For the detection of chronic intoxication were evaluated the data of clinical manifestations, indican urine, level of middle molecules, blood serum, lipid metabolism, microbial resistance, the hydrogen breath test. Results: NBZ is a chronic endointoxication, which regresses in collaboration with the clinical manifestations of psoriasis after biogenetic. Conclusion: Hypothesized that NBZ is one of the causes of psoriasis, and biogenetica – link in etiopath..... ReadMore

Ishimwe Steven Papy, Xiang-Rong Cheng*, Guo-Wei Le and Md. Serajul Islam

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2020.03.000151

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is described as exposition of multiplex liver metabolic disturbance interconnected with obesity. NAFLD is depicted by steatosis, excessive accumulation of fats in liver, due to triglycerides export and oxidation of fatty acid from plasma and de novo synthesis. Hepatic steatosis can therefore be explained as biochemical outcome of inconsistency between interfused mechanisms of lipid biotransformation. This condition is allied to a range of various modifications in lipoproteins, fatty acids, and glucose metabolisms in organism. So, above metabolic disfunctions are suspected to be the origin of possibility for adverse cardiometabolic risk agents related to NAFLD, like dyslipidemia, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and insulin resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation participates as known i..... ReadMore

Lairani F, Ait Errami A* and Krati KH

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2020.02.000150

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Introduction: Gastrointestinal bleeding is a life-threatening condition, with mortality depending on the cause and severity. The objective of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and evolutive aspects of a series of patients diagnosed with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Arrazi hospital in Marrakech, Morroco. Material and methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out, of patients diagnosed with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Arrazi hospital in Marrakech, Morroco, between January 1st, 2018 – December 30th, 2018. Results: We observed that the three most frequent causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in our series were peptic ulcer disease, variceal hemorrhage and gastric cancer. The glob..... ReadMore

Ashamalla Michael

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2020.02.000149

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Our greater understanding of the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) genome has led to the development of multiple direct- acting antivirals (DAAs) which are targeted medications at specific steps of the HCV life cycle. Antiviral therapy has become the cornerstone of treatment of chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) infection. With current antiviral therapies, CHC is easily treated and can be eliminated in almost all patients. The main targets of the DAAs are the HCV-encoded proteins that are vital to the replication of the virus. DAA therapies are efficacious up to 95%, tolerable, and safe with a mild side effect profile for the treatment of CHC. The clinical trials for HCV regimens did not include patients 80 years and older. Although widely used, there is limited data on their efficacy, tolerability, and sa..... ReadMore

Auzelivia Pastora Rego Medeiros Falcão, Carlos Henrique de Almeida Cipriano, Guilherme Castro de Queiroz, Nikolas do Vale Pedreira, Amália Cinhtia Meneses Rêgo, Irami Araújo-Filho*

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2020.02.000148

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Introduction: Technological advances in imaging studies have led to an increase in early diagnosis of benign and focal liver tumors such as simple cyst, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia (UFH), adenoma. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of benign liver lesions in the largest reference center for hepatology in the Rio Grande do Norte - University Hospital Onofre Lopes / Northeast Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The prevalence of focal benign hepatic lesions in patients from a referral center for hepatology in the Brazilian Northeast was evaluated. The sample was chosen by convenience, based on the analysis of patient records. Results: A total of 12,333 medical records were analyzed, and 640 selected with the initial ..... ReadMore

Dauphin Dighitoghi Moro* and Moses Oluwole David

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2019.02.000147

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Gastroenteritis is an infectious disease of high morbidity and mortality thus of serious public health significance. The burden of this infection is quite critical in the developing countries due to lack of potable water, malnutrition and poor sanitation. Etiology of infectious gastroenteritis consists bacteria which include Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Shigella species, Aeromonas species, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter species and Yersinia enterocolitica while the viral etiologies include Rotavirus, Norovirus, Adenovirus, Coronavirus, Calicivirus, Astrovirus and Enteroviruses. The clinical symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal pain indigestion, cramps, indigestion, belching and gagging. Laboratory diagnosis of bacteria involved in gastroenteritis involves routine stool cultu..... ReadMore

Abdul Kader Mohiuddin* and Nasirullah M

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2019.02.000146

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or irritable bowel disease (IBD), is also known as spastic colitis, mucus colitis, and nervous colon. It is a chronic, or long-term, condition, but symptoms tend to change over the years. It’s not uncommon for people with IBS to have episodes of both constipation and diarrhea. Symptoms such as bloating, and gas typically go away after a bowel movement. There is no cure for IBS. Treatment is aimed at symptom relief. Certain foods as well as stress and anxiety can be triggers for IBS symptoms for many people. Medications are available to ease the symptoms of IBS, but some patients feel better trying natural remedies instead of (or in addition to) conventional drugs...... ReadMore

George Khoudari

DOI : 0.32474/CTGH.2019.02.000145

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We report a patient with history of Crohn’s disease presenting with recurrent SBO; this is a common scenario for Crohn’s patients, as the disease process causes scarring and narrowing of the bowel, which can result in obstruction. Our patient had multiple emergency visits, courses of steroids, and was under consideration for biologic treatment aimed at apparent recurrent Crohn’s exacerbations while the true problem was a quarter causing symptomatic partial obstruction. Differential diagnosis of foreign body should be considered in cases of SBO, first or recurrent, where the cause is unclear. Extracting the quarter by ileoscopy resulted in an excellent patient outcome...... ReadMore

Bruce Dixon*, Evan Davidson and Stephen Pyles

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2019.02.000144

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We report a case of using a spinal cord stimulator for the treatment of severe chronic intractable abdominal pain associated with chronic pancreatitis and placement of intraabdominal stents. This patient also had concurrent severe chronic intractable cervicalgia with upper extremity radiculopathy secondary to failed back syndrome. The patient attempted and failed medical and interventional therapy for the treatment of her pains. Percutaneous 8 contact leads were placed midline at the level of C3-C6 and T5-T6 with excellent results. This case demonstrates that chronic pancreatitis can be successfully treated with spinal cord stimulation...... ReadMore

Vladimir Leonidovich Martynov* and Natalia Vladimirovna Kazarina

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2019.02.000142

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Objective: to determine the syndrome of excessive bacterial growth in the small intestine (SIBO) in patients with insufficiency of the bauhinia valve (NBZ) and after its surgical correction.Methods of Examination: patients of the studied groups were examined using direct and indirect methods of diagnosis of SIBO. Bacteriological examination of ileal aspirate and other surgical material was performed. All patients underwent a hydrogen respiratory test with a load of lactulose and performed a qualitative reaction of urine to indican..... ReadMore

Ahed J Alkhatib*

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2019.02.000141

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent disease worldwide without curative and successful treatment. Its etiology is not fully understood. The main objective of the present study was to report the experience of treating patients with IBS using the aqueous extract of carob...... ReadMore

Alexandra Sack, Jayme Sack and Hari Tunuguntla*

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2019.02.000140

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Gastrointestinal disorders currently plague millions of Americans and place an immense physical, emotional, and financial burden on society. The conventional medicine paradigm produces modest effects but are often accompanied with adverse side effects as well as increased healthcare utilization. Thus, the demand for alternative therapies is increasing. In the event that conventional medicine offers no satisfactory solution, research provides consistent and compelling evidence for the efficacy of acupuncture as a safe and cost-effective alternative approach to alleviating symptoms associated with digestive dysfunction. This review discusses the pathophysiology of common gastrointestinal disorders and the mechanisms underpinning the regulatory effect of acupuncture...... ReadMore

VL Martynov*, VA Kurilov and NV Kazarina

DOI : 10.32474/CTGH.2019.02.000139

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Ascorbic acid is an indispensable participant in most metabolic processes [1]. It is passively absorbed in the intestine (diffusion, osmosis) along with water and chlorides, but active transport of vitamin is possible, similar to glucose transport [2]. With the insolvency of the bauhinia valve (NBZ) and the development of the syndrome of excessive microbial colonization of the small intestine, the absorption function of the latter suffers avitaminosis “C” develops. One of the objective and accessible screening methods for the determination of vitamin C deficiency was the formulation of a canned sample for capillary resistance [3]. The occurrence of petechial rash after this test allowed to judge the presence and degree of hypovitaminosis. The appearance of petechiae, their size and shape are determined by the degree of “..... ReadMore