Poondy Gopalratnam Raman*

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2019.02.000134

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Bromocriptine is used in treatment of diabetes mellitus. It acts by increasing dopaminergic activity in hypothalamus and lowers HbA1c by 0.6 to 0.9%. It is not to be used in type 1 diabetes and DKA...... ReadMore

Bhuyan KC*

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2019.02.000133

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The present study utilized the data collected from 662 children observed from 560 randomly selected families of students of American International University-Bangladesh. Among the investigated children and adolescents 465 were in underweight group. Obesity and severe obesity were observed among 9.1 percent children and adolescents and prevalence of diabetes was observed among 22.8 percent respondents. The percentage of respondents affected by different diseases except diabetes was 13.4. It was evident that level of obesity, prevalence of diabetes and prevalence of other diseases were significantly associated, and level of obesity was associated with different socioeconomic characters of the parents and of the respondents. Parents’ education, age of children, family income and food habit of the ..... ReadMore

KC Bhuyan*

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2019.02.000132

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The social aspects of medical research and research in life science deal with data collected from randomly selected investigating units either by direct interview or by doing some controlled experiments. The objective of investigation is to verify the existence of some pre-assumed hypothesis and belief. Whatever be the objective of the research, the study is done using the collected data, where the data are either categorical or numerical or both. There are many advanced statistical methods [1] to handle the data, especially if the data are numerical. Limited number of methods of analysis is there to handle the categorical data. But proper statistical methods are to be applied to study the unknown the characteristics in the population. O..... ReadMore

Michael E Røder*, Maria Skovlund Herreborg and Jan Erik Henriksen

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2019.02.000131

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In general, patients with diabetes still have an increased mortality risk, increased risk of micro- and macro-vascular complications and a decreased quality of life. Despite better options for treatment and care, to many diabetes patients are still not in optimized treatment control in order to avoid complications. In Denmark there is a long tradition for focused diabetes treatment and care, as well as research and manufacturing insulin and other antihyperglycemic drugs. Five Steno Diabetes Centers, one in each region of Denmark, have emerged as a part of the Danish Health Care System. The overall aim for these centers is to provide optimized treatment and care for all patients with diabetes regardless of age, type of diabetes, co-morbidity and where in the Health Care System the patient is treated..... ReadMore

Khalid S Aljabri, Ibrahim M Alnasser, Samia A Bokhari, Saad Zuair, Waleed O Bawzeer and Mohammad A Melibari

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2019.02.000130

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The widespread use of computed tomography (CT) has resulted in the frequent incidental discovery of asymptomatic adrenal masses. The aim of the present study was to report retrospectively a 4-year CT studies of the frequency of adrenal incidentalomas (AI) in a tightly defined geographical area in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.This retrospective study was approved by our institutional review board, and informed consent was waived. The CT reports of 15,600 abdominal CT examinations from our institution at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia performed from January 2015 to December 2018 were searched for the word “adrenal” in the impression. The search identified 87patients with adrenal lesions which constituted the subject material for the study...... ReadMore

Khalid S Aljabri*, Samia A Bokhari, Muneera A Alshareef, Patan M Khan, Abdulla M Mallosho, Hesham M AbuElsaoud, Mohammad M Jalal, Rania F Safwat, Rehab El Boraie, Nawaf K Aljabri and Bandari K Aljabri

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2019.01.000126

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Background and Objective: The association between diabetes and thyroid dysfunction were studied. To estimate retrospectively the frequency of hypothyroidism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Saudi community-based hospital. Design: We analyzed retrospectively 3760 participants whom are between the age 20 to 98 years. All patients were from the population of the Primary health centre at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. All data were collected on the basis of a review of electronic medical data. Patients with TSH above the normal range of TSH for our laboratory reference (4.2 MIU/L, history of hypothyroidism and taking thyroid replacement therapy were included. Patient who are pregnant were excluded. Results: Out of the initial screening of 6023 subjects, 3760 subjects were included. The..... ReadMore

Pramod Stephen*

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2019.01.000125

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From the beginning time people go for bowel outside in the fields and when he was doing bowel that time how much time he spends that place he must live in the environments of the bowel odor. And till now after many improvements of toilets we must live in odor of poop in our toilets. we use perfume detergent cake and any kind of chemicals to remove odor, but odor mixed with perfume or chemical and disturb our nose to brain and our mood become distress. and when our brain gets disturb then our metabolic process is also disturbing. Poop odor spread soon after and its cover near about 5 to 8 feet diameters within 30 second and by smell flies and other insects attack the night soil. because it is good food for them. By the odor of bowel, we can get air borne diseases and other ..... ReadMore

Poondy Gopalratnam Raman*

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000124

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Patients with type-2 diabetes have more than half the day in the post meal state. Elevation in post meal plasma glucose is due to loss of first phase insulin secretion, decreased insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues and consequent decreased suppression of hepatic glucose output after meals due to insulin deficiency. Elevated or exaggerated post meal response is directly responsible for endothelial dysfunction and pro-atherogenic states. Post-meal hyperglycemia is a prominent early defect in type-2 diabetes patients...... ReadMore

Poondy Gopalratnam Raman

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000123

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Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. There is no permanent cure for Diabetes. Only way is to replace insulin producing beta-cells. Whole pancreatic transplantation and purified pancreatic islets transplantation are the answer to cure for diabetes. But scarcity of suitable donor and morbidity, high cost involved are limiting factors for pancreatic transplantation. Islet cell transplantation is less invasive procedure and safer than total pancreatic transplantation established in year 2000. Isolated islets carry less antigenic property..... ReadMore

Shamim Shaikh Mohiuddin* and Poornima Manjrekar

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000121

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Low grade inflammatory condition which is predominately cytokine-mediated is observed to be closely involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes as well as role this inflammatory condition cannot be ruled out in involvement in pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Since maximum world populations are at high risk of developing diabetes, we tested this hypothesis by estimating circulating acute phase proteins in freshly diagnosed type 2 (T-2) as well as type1(T-1) diabetic patients...... ReadMore

Gundu H R Rao

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000120

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Just the other day, I wrote an Editorial for another journal on World Diabetes Day. Before that, it was the World Thrombosis Day. Think of just metabolic diseases, you have, - World Hypertension Day (May 17), World Obesity Day (Oct 11), World Heart Day (Sept 29), World Thrombosis Day (Oct 13), World Diabetes Day (Nov 14). The list keeps growing every year. Whenever I am asked to participate, in these World Observation Days or asked to write about these important annual days, I ask myself, what have we done to arrest, reduce or prevent these chronic metabolic diseases? What can be done about the raising epidemics of chronic diseases? These are hard questions to ask? Much harder, to answer. All that we can do is, just like we do for New Year’s Day, take a pledge to do something that will make a difference. Metabolic diseases, such as h..... ReadMore

Gundu H R Rao*

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Abstract Just the other day, I wrote an Editorial for another journal on World Diabetes Day. Before that, it was the World Thrombosis Day. Think of just metabolic diseases, you have, - World Hypertension Day (May 17), World Obesity Day (Oct 11), World Heart Day (Sept 29), World Thrombosis Day (Oct 13), World Diabetes Day (Nov 14). The list keeps growing every year. Whenever I am asked to participate, in these World Observation Days or asked to write about these important annual days, I ask myself, what have we done to arrest, reduce or prevent these chronic metabolic diseases? What can be done about the raising epidemics of chronic diseases? These are hard questions to ask? Much harder, to answer. All that we can do is, just like we do for New Year’s Day, take a pledge to do something that will make a difference. Metabolic diseases, su..... ReadMore

Pramod Stephen

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000119

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You are here to discuss to solve the problems of genetics related diseases by cellular and molecular medicines. As you know that study of genetics is very long process and day by day the problem of genetics deformity is increasing...... ReadMore

Rahul Hajare*

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000118

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Obesity is a major risk factor for non communicable diseases. Obesity, diabetes and hypertension are so tightly linked. This study aims to determine the frequency of type 2 diabetes and hypertension among obese Saudi population...... ReadMore

Rahul Hajare

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000117

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Cancer abuse has on the increase all over the world. The poor and the rich are also involved in this dangerous epidemic that has impact not only on reproductive health but also has an impact on family, society, increase in health care expense and increased depression activity. Health care providers have more concerned with treating the victims and less concerned on its prevention...... ReadMore

Jeff Unger

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000116

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The rate limiting step of intensive diabetes management for patients with diabetes is treatment induced hypoglycemia. Thus, hypoglycemia remains a significant barrier in optimizing glycemic control and reducing long-term diabetes related complications including cardiovascular death, stroke, and all cause-mortality [1]. Cardiovascular (CV) events are the leading cause of death among patients with diabetes. The risk of CV death is twice that of patients without diabetes [2]. Severe hypoglycemia (resulting in cognitive impairment) can occur across a broad spectrum of A1C levels. Patients achieving near-normal glycemia (<6%) and those who were poorly controlled (≥9%) appeared to be at the highest risk for severe hypoglycemia [3]. HbA1c and risk of severe hypoglycemia in ..... ReadMore

Khalid S Aljabri*, Samia A Bokhari , Muneera A Alshareef , Patan M Khan and Bandari K Aljabri MS

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000115

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Background: Worldwide epidemic exists with respect to diabetes mellitus, primarily because of increased rates of obesity. The trend of increasing obesity prevalence has increased at a faster rate in patients with T1DM compared to the general population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Primary Health Care Clinics and the diabetes centre at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital. A total of 237 Saudi with T1DM and 238 non diabtic patients (control) were randomly selected. Result: A total of 475 patients attending the Primary Health Care Clinics and the diabetes centre were included in this study;193 (40.6%) were male, 282 (59.4%) were female with mean age 27.6±2.9 years. T1DM group comprised of 237 (49.9%) patients and non-diabetic (control) group comprised of 238 (50.1% ) of the sample. T1DM patients were not significant..... ReadMore

Khalid S Aljabri*, Samia A Bokhari , Muneera A Alshareef , Patan M Khan and Bandari K Aljabri MS

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000114

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Background and Objective: The incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing. Osteoporosis has become an alarming health problem throughout the entire world. The aim of this study were to estimate the epidemiology of osteoporosisamong Saudi patients with T1DM, living in the western province, attending the diabetes centre at King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, KSA. Methods: Eligible patients were older than 12 years old, had T1DM . All patients were recruited from the population of the Diabetic Centre at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital. Eligible patients met with investigators for a complete history and physical examination, to have baseline laboratory assessments including glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). HbA1c was expressed as percentage and measured using the high-performance liquid chromatography. BMD in the current study was mea..... ReadMore

Giuseppe Annunziata*, Maria Maistoa, Connie Schisano, Luigi Barreab, Roberto Ciampagliaa, Viviana Narcisoa, Gian Carlo Tenorea, Ettore Novellinoa

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000113

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Among the cardiometabolic diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most diffused worldwide. Pharmacological treatments commonly used present several side effects, and this is driving people to search natural approaches. Olea europaea is currently investigated for its anti-diabetic potential. In particular, oleuropein (OLE), its main bioactive compound, have been demonstrated to exert interesting activities in management of T2DM, including hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the available scientific evidence evaluating the role of OLE in managing T2DM..... ReadMore

Khalid S Aljabri*, Samia A Bokhari, Muneera A Alshareef and Patan M Khan

DOI : 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000112

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Background and Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic factors. The prevalence of MetS are increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence as well as the individual components of MetS in Saudi population. Methods: We analyzed 2810 participants who are equal to or older than 18 years old. All cases were from the population of the primary health at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital. All data were collected by personal interview and based on a review of electronic medical records. Physician and nurse interviewers measured and recorded weight (kg) and height (cm). Metabolic risk factors were defined using the 2006 International Diabetes Federation criteria that define elevated triglyceride (TG) as ≥150 mg/dL (≥1.7 mmol/L) and reduced HDL as <40 mg/d..... ReadMore