Kegan Romelle Jones* and Gary Wayne Garcia

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.03.000152

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This review serves to summarize blood cell and serum biochemical values of the agouti (Dasyprocta spp.). The majority of the researches on the blood and biochemical profiles on the agouti were done in many countries, namely Columbia, Brazil, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago. The literature collected for this review spanned over twenty (20) years from 1997 to 2019. The haematological and biochemical values recorded at various locations were tabulated to give a composite reference range for Dasyprocta spp. The blood cells of the agouti were similar to those found in rodents and human with no differences seen in cell types seen between agoutis of different ages or sexes. The majority of articles showed that there was no difference in blood and biochemical values between ages or sexes. However, there were differences seen in calcium and phosphorus l.....ReadMore

Celal İzci, İlhami Çelik*, Muharrem Erol and Ebru Gökşahin

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.03.000151

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Background: The ruminant claw horn lesions seriously diminish histological structure and functional efficiency of the digital cushion of the dairy cows.Objective: To investigate histological and histochemical properties of the digital cushion in the dairy cow with claw horn lesions, such as white line disease, sole damage and hemorrhage. Results: The results showed that digital cushion loses its normal histological structure in claw horn lesions. Conclusion: Further biochemical, physiological and feeding studies on the experimentally induced claw horn lesions are necessary to understand the nature of the events playing roles involving animal feeding in the development of the lesions, to develop new animal feeding trategies aiming to protect and maintain the normal structure of the digital cushion......ReadMore

Muhammad Sharif *, Hammad Qamar and Ayesha Abdul Wahid

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000150

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This research study was planned to evaluate the influence of various rumen degradable protein levels on growth performance, nutrient intake and digestibility, blood metabolites and nitrogen balance in male Beetal kids. Twenty kids having 5-6 months of age were distributed into four groups. Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated containing 35, 45, 55 and 65% rumen degradable proteins and were represented as 35RDP, 45RDP, 55RDP and 65RDP, respectively. Feed was offered twice a day. The experiment lasted for 90 days during which data about feed intake/ refusal and body weight was recorded. Blood samples (n=3) from each group were collected fortnightly to determine BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and pH. Higher dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber intake and digestibility w.....ReadMore

Vitaly Dobronosov*

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000149

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Research purpose was establishment of distribution’s width of painted lady butterfly across Eurasia because of mass migration of 2019. The publications in media, private messages of detached onlookers and standard techniques of visual observations and photo fixings on routes were used. For assessment of abundance of butterflies, the method of the quantitative account of Lepidoptera for the biogeographical purposes by visual accounting of quantity of the met specimens on a route per unit of time was used. This method, despite many critical remarks for high relativity (inaccuracy), allows gaining an impression about the number of specimens in the particular territory without mass catching and, respectively, extermination of butterflies. The digital camera was used to photo shots. Field observations were made during migration of butterflie.....ReadMore

Moyano*, Marini PR, Fischman ML

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000147

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Agriculture is a feasible option for inhabitants of the Ecuadorian Amazon Region. For it to be efficient, it is essential that input technologies and processes that generate social, environmental and economic-productive benefits are applied without harming the sustainability of the system. The objective of the work was to evaluate the biological efficiency of hair sheep in the Ecuadorian Amazon Region through productive and reproductive indicators. The animals used - Blackbelly hair sheep - belong to the flock at the Centre for Research, Postgraduate Studies and the Conservation of Amazonian Biodiversity (CIPCA). They were reared over four hectares under the same environmental, nutritional and management conditions. The CIPCA is located in the Arosemena Tola canton, Napo province, Ecuador, 44km along the .....ReadMore

Babale DM* and Augustine C

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000146

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The aim of this study was to evaluate growth performance of intact West African Dwarf bucks fed varying levels of local brewers’ dried grain with ber (Ziziphus jujube) leaves basal diet. Twelve (12) West African Dwarf bucks with average age of Twelve (12) months weighing 13 (+_0.7) Kg were used for the experiment. They were subjected to four experimental diets consisting of ber leaves (Ziziphus jujube) as basal diet, supplemented with local brewers’ dried grain at 50g, 100g, 150g and 200g designated as treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. These treatments were replicated three times each. These diets were fed to the animals throughout the experimental period of 63 days. At the end of the experimental period, harness bags were used in collecting faecal droppings to dete.....ReadMore

Ghulam Shabir Barham*, Muhammad Haroon Baloch, Atta Hussain Shah, Gul Bahar Khaskheli, Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado, Mansoor Tariq4 and Asad Ali Khaskheli

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000144

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Current study was designed to assess the quality of milk vended by different intermediaries at the surrounding of Nosharoferoz city during the year 2016-17. A total of 100 milk samples were collected each of twenty (n=20) from dairy farms, milk collectors, milk venders, processors and retailers brought in the Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam for analysis. Among all the detected adulterants in market milk, water was at the top followed by detergent, rice flour, starch, cane sugar, formalin, caustic soda, salt, urea, H2O2, glucose, arrowroot, SMP, vegetable oil and dalda ghee. The extent of extraneous water in milk sold by retailers, milk venders and milk collectors were found significantly (P˂0.05) high com.....ReadMore

Vitaly Dobronosov*

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000143

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Traditionally in Mountain Digoria there were engaged in distant-pasture and pastoral livestock production both in the summer, and in the winter. As a result of our researches from 1994 to 2018 using the standard methods of visual observations, collecting, photo fixing and cameral processing of entomological materials in mountain Digoria were caught and defined 34 species of zoophilous flies. These flies are one of the most widespread temporary parasites of cattle. The researches were conducted at near settlements and wild pastures. Taxonomical structure was created, and the list of the established species was made. Zoophilous flies causes stresses in pets, exhaust a lot of blood, put morbid stings, extend causative agents of infectious and invasive diseases, and are the intermediate owners of helminths, spoil products, forages, increase a.....ReadMore

Mebrate Getabalew, Tewodros Alemneh* and Dawit Akeberegn

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2018.02.000142

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Agriculture accounts for about 47%-56% of the total anthropogenic methane (CH4) emission. It is known that from the agricultural sector, ruminant livestock (dairy, beef, goats, and sheep) substantially contributes to the increase in CH4 production through continuous natural rumen fermentation process. Methane emission is now the second contributor to global warming, which it has 23 times more influence than that of carbon dioxide (CO2). Many factors affect the amount of ruminant CH4 production, including level of feed intake, type and quality of feeds, energy consumption, animal size, growth rate, level of production, and environmental temperature. Methane also produced from manure of animals depending on the physical form of the faeces, the amount of digestible material, the climate, and the time they remained intact. The major part of.....ReadMore

Berwyn Clarke*

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000141

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Most consumers of dairy products accept that pasteurization provides a guarantee that products are safe to eat and drink. However, research [1] using a new highly sensitive technology has revealed that live mycobacteria can exist in retail milk even after pasteurization and explains how this may happen. Live Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) - which causes Johne�s disease in cattle and has been implicated in Crohn�s disease in humans - was found in just over 10% of shop-bought pasteurized milk samples that were tested in the UK. The prevalence of MAP is higher than previous studies have shown due to the high sensitivity of the new phage-based technology that was used to conduct the milk testing. In the study of 386 samples of retail-purchased milk, Actiphage was able to detect live mycobacteria at levels as low as .....ReadMore

José Denis-Robichaud, John Morris Fairbrother, Flavien Ndongo Kassé, and Jocelyn Dubuc*

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000140

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An association between postpartum intrauterine Escherichia coli and subsequent reproductive tract diseases such as purulent vaginal discharge (PVD) and endometritis (ENDO) has been found inconsistently in previous research. This inconsistency may be due to differences in the pathogenicity and presence of certain virulence factors in the various strains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the presence of intrauterine E. coli virulence factor (VF) genes after parturition and subsequent reproductive tract diseases in postpartum dairy cows. Intrauterine swabs were collected from cows 4 (± 3) DIM. The swabs were plated to identify E. coli, Trueperella pyogenes, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and Prevotella melaninogenica. A subgroup of the E. coli samples was submitted for colo.....ReadMore

Tewodros Alemneh*, Mebrate Getabalew and Dawit Akeberegn

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000139

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Fasciolosis is a disease of sheep, cattle, goats and occasionally humans. It is caused by a trematode called Fasciola with the two most common species of Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) and Fasciola gigantica (F. gigantica). The parasites encyst in the bile ducts and liver parenchyma of animals. Fasciolosis is common in marshy water bodies where favorable for its intermediate host. Snails of the genus Lymnae facilitate its survival and ubiquity worldwide. The disease causes serious economic losses annually, either directly or indirectly, by disrupting animal production. Therefore; this introductory review highlights on the occurrence, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of fasciolosis......ReadMore

Leonel Avendano Reyes*

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000137

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Arid and semi-arid regions of the world are characterized by extreme climatic conditions with very low rainfall availability. Livestock production systems located in these zones are threatened by very high ambient temperatures as well as feed scarcity, especially during summer months [1,2]. This scenario is predicted to be worsened because of Global Warming, which involves a projection of an annual increased in global surface temperature of about 3.7 to 4.8�C by the year 2100 [3]. Holstein cows in hot environments can be at risk of heat stress, which affect their productivity and well-being. Feed intake is negatively affected by heat stress, leading to a reduction in milk production and quality, as well as depressed reproductive efficiency of Holstein cows and heifers. A common management practice is to apply artificial cooling to cows .....ReadMore

Salimova Iroda Yunusovna*

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000136

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In recent years, chemical preparations are widely used to protect plants and animals from various pests and diseases (pesticides) from a group of synthetic pyrethroids. Among modern insecticides permitted for use in agriculture and veterinary medicine, synthetic pyrethroids account for 75-80% [1]. Pesticides in this group have a high selective effect on pests, a relatively low risk to warm-blooded animals, the rapid biodegradation of many of the objects in the external environment. Currently in crop production and veterinary practice of Uzbekistan the most widely used synthetic pyrethroids such as sipernet, suminat, esfenvalerate, killer, deltaur-1, etc......ReadMore

Srinath Kamineni MD*, Alan Ruggles and Hamza Ashfaq

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000135

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Ultrasonic debridement as a treatment for tendinopathy and desmitis is a relatively new approach in orthopedic surgery. Previously only used in limited cases, this procedure shows promise for treating ligament-bone and tendon-bone interface injuries. We present a case study of a 2-year-old thoroughbred male horse, unable to train due to recalcitrant symptoms after extensive conservative management of suspensory branch desmitis (SBD). He was then treated with ultrasonic debridement and concurrent manubrial stem cell autograft injection, to treat the ultrasound visualized lesion. Post-surgically the patient recovered quickly, began training within 6 weeks and went onto win several races. Repeat ultrasound imaging reveals a complete restoration of the internal fiber architecture of the lig.....ReadMore

Salimov Y* and Nurullaev AA

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000134

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In acutely facing the problem of remote consequences of influence on an organism of chemical substances, impact on reproductive function is important. In recent years, in farms and private farms specializing in the cultivation of cattle and small cattle, as well as rabbits, there are violations of reproductive function, manifested in infertility and spontaneous abortions, pre - and post-implantation developmental delay, physiological and behavioral changes in the offspring, malformations and transplacental effects, and often their etiology remains unclear. Our long-term production and experimental studies allow us to conclude that one of the leading factors in the development of these violations is the unfavorable environmental situation in many regions of Uzbekistan as a result of various anthropogenic influences, including: the signific.....ReadMore

Salimov Yu* and Toshmuratov EA

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2019.02.000133

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In recent years, in farm and private livestock farms in Uzbekistan there has been a decrease in the resistance of animals and, especially, young animals to various bacterial and viral infections. Often there is a decrease and a complete lack of protective action of known vaccines and serums, which causes serious economic damage to livestock. One of the leading factors of this pathology is the unfavorable ecological situation which has developed in many regions of the Republic owing to various anthropogenic influences, including: application of pesticides and other toxic xenobiotics and also emissions of industrial productions. The use of synthetic pyrethroids and organophosphorus compounds in crop production and veterinary medicine helps to preserve crop yields, reduce production costs and reliably protects farm animals from various infec.....ReadMore

F Rosa*

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2018.02.000132

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The popularity of the circular economy is due to the increasing amount of waste-produced in the agro-food processing industry; new solution of waste recycling with biotech innovation are available. In the EU 3.5 ton per capita of waste are annually produced, including more than 400kg per person per year of domestic waste. The projections suggest that this increase at worldwide level, will continue at least until 2030 and there is no real evidence of decoupling between waste and economic growth despite progresses in waste recycling. While all sectors are potentially eligible for funding under the Eco-innovation initiative, certain activities have been singled out as priority areas because of their considerable impact on the env.....ReadMore

Tamer Tashla, Radivoj Prodanović, Jelana Boković, Milena Zuza, Dragan Solesa, Dragana Ljubojević and Nikola Puvača*

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2018.02.000131

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Nowadays water pollution is the burning issue all over the world. Aquatic ecosystems are frequently contaminated with different toxicants through anthropogenic activities, and some of them such as metals may be naturally present and essential in low concentration but toxic and harmful in higher concentrations. Having in mind that not all chemical forms of pollutants are equally bioavailable, and some pollutants can be accumulated in living organisms to a greater extent than others, there is a need to study the levels of pollutants in the organisms to be able to predict the environmental risk. Thus, chemical analyses of the tissues of aquatic organisms are used as a routine approach in studies of aquatic pollution, providing a temporal integration of the levels of pollutants with biological relevance at higher concentrations than those pre.....ReadMore

Nikola Puvača*, Dragana Ljubojević, Milica Živkov Baloš,Olivera Đuragić, Vojislava Bursić, Gorica Vuković, Radivoj Prodanović and Jelana Bošković

DOI : 10.32474/CDVS.2018.02.000130

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Mycotoxins are biologically active, toxic metabolites produced by toxigenic fungi mainly belonging to Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium species, which invade crops in the field and may grow on feedstuffs during storage under favourable conditions of temperature and humidity [1]. FAO estimated that about 25% of food and feedstuffs are contaminated with mycotoxins and strong efforts have been made to decontaminate them by the use of physical and chemical adsorbents but the success made so far is limited [2]. Like other environmental pollutants, mycotoxins also adversely affect the health and productivity in animals and esecially in poultry [3,4]. The economy of poultry industry is heavily affected due to wide mycotoxin exposure or contamination of various agricultural commodities. The economic losses are primarily due to the decreased g.....ReadMore