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Review ArticleView abstract
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The objective of this paper was aimed to review on the current dairy production and major constraints and opportunities of cow milk production in Ethiopia. Based on their location milk production systems are assigned as rural, Peri-urban and urban milk productions system in the country. The highest percent of milk in Ethiopia comes from rural milk production which is mostly from indigenous breed dairy cattle and at most it is consumed at home for family since it does not market oriented production system. Peri-urban dairy production systems are mainly located at the edge of the town areas in which most of the dairy cattle producers are working depend on hybrid cows and practiced supplementary concentrate feeding, there by dairy keepers are involved in fluid milk market...... ReadMore -
Short CommunicationView abstract
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Here’s my big brother. Doesn’t he look good? To do as you suggest would be out of the question. Tom put Mary’s suggestion down on his to-do list. What he likes best is being around his friends. Anticipating a cold winter, we bought a bigger stove. Never do that again or I won’t be your friend! What is your favorite toy to play with or what toy do you wish you had? What are you excited about that’s going to happen soon? Thank you for finishing the last slice of pizza!..... ReadMore -
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Tumor-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) can be activated in vivo by vaccination with Dendritic Cells (DCs), which is crucial for tumor control. Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is mainly expressed on the surface of tumor cells and Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs) in various solid malignancies, implying an ideal choice for cancer immunotherapy and vaccine development. We recently reported a novel DC vaccination (PDL1-Vax) to actively induce anti-PD-L1 antibody and T cell responses capable of inhibiting PD-L1+ tumor growth. In this study, we further tested whether vaccinations with DCs, loaded with another PD-L1 immunogen (PDL1-GMCSF), are also able to induce certain anti-PD-L1 immune responses. A synthetic vaccine composing the extracellular domain of PD-L1 linked to a T helper epitope sequence and a human GM-CSF is generated to improv..... ReadMore -
Research ArticleView abstract
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A Texel ram was mated to Suffolk ewes to evaluate how using a terminal sire breed would alter carcass and muscle composition compared to traditional breeds, Suffolk and Southdown. Southdown (SD), Suffolk (SU) or SU x Texel (TX) lambs (n = 21) were weaned and finished on mixed annual pastures to a final live weight of 59 kg. Lambs were slaughtered at a similar body weight and evaluated for differences in performance, carcass composition, fatty acid composition, myostatin, and tenderness. Lamb performance was similar between breeds during post-weaning phase but lower (P < 0.05) for TX than SD or SU during the preweaning phase. Texel- sired lambs had carcasses with a higher (P < 0.05) dressing percentage, hot carcass weight, ribeye area and quality grade. Southdown lambs had carcasses with higher (P < 0.05) yield gr..... ReadMore -
Research ArticleView abstract
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Rapid assessment of carcass composition is an important factor for research programs aimed at altering animal growth and body composition. Two experiments were conducted to validate the use of Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) for prediction of fat content in lamb carcasses or primals. In experiment 1, carcasses (n = 42) from Suffolk whether lambs were scanned hot (at the end of slaughter) or cold (after chilling for 24 h) to determine how carcass temperature influenced DXA fat estimates of carcass lipid percentage or mass. In experiment 2, carcasses (n = 21) from Suffolk, Southdown or Texel sired lambs were DXA scanned as whole carcasses, four primal cuts (shoulder, rack, loin, leg), or individual primal cut to determine which primal cut best predicted fat cont..... ReadMore -
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The current study was conducted at Haramaya University Dairy laboratory with the main objective of investigating how heat treatment affects whey proteins and rennetability property of camel milk for cheese making. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used by evaluating effect temperature (650C/30min,720C/30 sec, 750C/5 min, 850C/5 min and 900C/5 min).Raw milk used for reference. Similar experimental setup was also used for cow milk.. Heat treatment was done in thermostatically controlled water bath. The chemical composition of milk analysed using milkoscan, whey protein denaturation analysis was done using gel electrophoresis. Heat treatment have no significant effect (P>0.05) on gross chemical content of camel and cow milk. In camel milk α-lactalbumin (α-La)showed less denaturation while Camel serum albumin denatured at higher heat t..... ReadMore -
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Common carp is a traditional freshwater fish species and has been culturing in several aquaculture systems in Northern Vietnam. This species was commonly infected with variety of parasites, the low efficacy of common drugs and chemical treatment is one of major barrier for enhance the Common carp production. This study was conducted to examine the safety and treatment efficacy of Dermo-gard, which contained 56.9% of Ethylenediamine Dihydroiodide, on parasites infected common carp, including Metacecaria of Centrocestus formosanus, Myxobolus sp. (internal prasite), Dactylogyrus sp. and Lernaea cyprinacea (external prasites) by immersion and oral methods. The results showed that Dermo-gard at dose of 0.2g /L for 2-4 hours by immersion and at dose of 0.2-0.4 g/kg of feed for 7 days by oral are safe for fry and fingerling common carp. The imme..... ReadMore -
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Colostrum, life’s first food of mammals, is a complex mixture of nutrients secreted by mother’s mammary glands during the first few days of lactation and its impact on the health of the newborn has been known for a long time [1]. Bovine colostrums (BC), the “early” milk produced by cows during the first several days post-parturition, has an immunological and nutrient profile composition significantly different from “mature” milk [2]. In addition to macronutrients found in milk such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, and micronutrients including vitamins and minerals, BC contain growth factors, antimicrobial compounds, oligosaccharides, and immune-regulating constituents. Premature aging, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases are affected by immune system disorders [3]. Consumption of bovine colostrum’s glycoproteins may be a..... ReadMore