Trends in Civil Engineering and its Architecture

Peter E Sebaaly*, Elie Y Hajj and Murugaiyah Piratheepan

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2019.03.000158

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This paper presents the results of an extensive research that evaluated the laboratory characteristics of hot and warm mix asphalt mixtures manufactured with 100% virgin materials and with 15 and 35% recycled asphalt pavement. The overall objective of the study was to evaluate the engineering properties and performance characteristics of the mixtures while the specific objective was to assess the ability of the warm mix additives in allowing the use of higher content of recycled asphalt pavement without changing the performance grade of the virgin binder.All mixtures were designed with the Marshall mix design method. The engineering properties consisted of the dynamic modulus master curve while the performance characteristics covered the mixtures resistances to moisture damage, rutting.....

Md. Ashikuzzaman*, Tarif Uddin Ahmed, Zahidul Alam and Md. Altaf Hossain

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.03.000157

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Manufacturing of fly-ash bricks are the very useful alternatives of conventional burnt clay bricks. Manufacturing of clay bricks cause top soil removal, environmental pollution and health problems. To avoid all this environmental threats an attempt is made to manufacture of bricks using fly-ash, gypsum, sand and cement. Mainly fly-ash bricks are made by applying compressive load on the mold. In this research, the effect of brick forming load on the crushing load, water absorption and unit volume weight were studied. For this purpose bricks were prepared for different fly-ash (50% to 65% at 5% increments), gypsum (12% to 3% at 3% decrements), sand (28% to 22% at 2% decrements) and 10% cement. All ingredients were thoroughly mixed and then poured them to a mold of 9.5cmx4.5cm x 2.75cm. Bricks were made by different forming load and mechanic.....

Akhtar Hossain,

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.03.000156

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This study is about the effect of fly ash as filler on bituminous mix design under various condition. The main purposes of this project is to study the possibility of using fly ash as mineral filler in bituminous paving mixes where in general stone dust are used. Fly ash from Barapukuria Coal Power Plant has been used in the present experimental work. Suitable aggregate grading is selected for bituminous mixes. Standard Marshall Mix design procedure is followed in the design by using standard filler stone dust and testing of those mixes to determine the density, stability, flow, voids in mixes and optimum bitumen content. By this optimum bitumen content, mixes are prepared by replacing standard filler stone dust with fly ash at levels 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% by weight of total filler. The mixes are tested to obtain optimum fly .....

Nazmun Nahar Lubna, Muhaiminul Islam*, Tisha Sarkar and Anutosh Das

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.03.000155

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Agricultural is the largest employment sector of Bangladesh and most of the people earn their living from agricultural production. The magnitude of agricultural production varies spatially as agricultural production depends on topography, the fertility of the land, availability of river, availability of marketing place, input and so on. The intent of our study is to regionalize all the 64 districts of Bangladesh based on Boro production, fish production and the number of growth center and to analyze the impact of it on rural development. To do so, the data are collected from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), the composite index method was employed to analyze the data. The data reliability is checked through statistical parameters named level of skewness, kurtosis and standard error of the mean. The.....

Sakshi Gupta*

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.03.000154

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Concrete is the oldest and most important construction material in the world. Testing of the concrete specimen plays and important role to know about the strength, durability and condition of the structure. The work will present a detailed comparison between the destructive tests and non-destructive methods. This work focuses on comparing the destructive and non-destructive testing which can determine the potential durability of the concrete. This work helped us to reach a conclusion where we can further find the best testing method system that shall be applicable for various concrete structures as well as in the concrete industry......

Rachedi Mokhtar*, Kriker Abdelouahed and Mokhtari Abdessamed

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.03.000153

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The aim of this study is the use of local materials (plaster, sand dunes and date palm fiber) for the region of southern Algeria. By expand areas of the use of these materials in the field of construction. Despite the large ament of gypsum, its use is limited to some secondary operations like coatings and decorative elements. The sand dunes and palm fiber, its use in the construction are very limited. In this study, the sand dunes and palm fiber was added to plaster, to find the mortar that has physical and mechanical properties that allow its use in construction. The results obtained showed that the addition of date palm fibers improves the physical properties (density, water absorption, etc.) and mechanical properties (compression strength, flexural strength, etc.)......

Siti Nabilah Amir* and Nur Zulaikha Yusof

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.03.000152

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This paper outlines the utilization of municipal plastic waste (MPW) in construction industries. Both the MPW and the construction industries are increasing rapidly and world’s recycling rate of either Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) or MPW specifically is still low. Production of bricks is non-eco-friendly and a waste generating process because of the greenhouse gases released. Utilizing MPW as construction materials especially in production of bricks is one of a promising step towards a sustainable resources and waste management. Plastic waste can substitute either partially or completely one or more of the materials in brick production. Further research based on recent research and a better understanding in utilization of plastic waste in brick is needed to produce a high durability and quality of bricks as well as to achieve the optimum.....

Panjehpour

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.03.000151

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This article aims to review and illuminate the latest research conducted on structural insulated panels (SIP) together with the latest information of the current experiment carried out by the authors. The authors attempt to weight up both sides of argument regarding the design methods of SIP: affordability and applicability in construction industry, by taking up-to-date concrete technology and manufacture into consideration. The article primarily shines a light on the new material used for SIP’s skin and core. The fiber-carbon-reinforced polymer plate, glass-fibre reinforced magnesia cement boards, E-glass/polypropylene and glass- fibre-reinforced polymer grid have recently been proposed for SIP components material. Besides, the performance of SIPs against wind load is investigated. Far lit.....

Souvik Das*

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000150

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TMT bars means Thermo Mechanically Treated Bars made from medium carbon steel (Carbon 0.25 Max Wt. %) and are used in construction industry. Because of its corrosion and rust resistance features it is widely used in construction of buildings in humid areas as well as long lasting, high strength, quality construction. Quality aspects of these rebar’s are of significance as any inherent abnormality in the material could lead to unwanted productivity losses or quality claims. In this present study, rebar samples failed during bending operation were collected from construction end for understanding their quality aspect and potential causes of failure while bending. Visual observations of rebar sample (U-bend) longitudinal surface defects were observed in both the tension and compression zone. On appearance, metal folded over the.....

Souvik Das* , Sandip Thalukdar , Goutam Mukhopadhyay and Sandip Bhattacharya

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000149

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TMT bars means Thermo Mechanically Treated Bars made from medium carbon steel (Carbon 0.25 Max Wt. %) and are used in construction industry. Because of its corrosion and rust resistance features it is widely used in construction of buildings in humid areas as well as long lasting, high strength, quality construction. Quality aspects of these rebar’s are of significance as any inherent abnormality in the material could lead to unwanted productivity losses or quality claims. In this present study, rebar samples failed during bending operation were collected from construction end for understanding their quality aspect and potential causes of failure while bending. Visual observations of rebar sample (U-bend) longitudinal surface defects were observed in both the tension and compression zone. On appearance, metal folded over the rebar surfa.....

Ezeilo FE and Agunwamba JC *

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000148

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This paper reports on a study carried out to optimize the locations of multiple discharge points in a receiving stream, Amadi creek, so as to minimize the impact of oxygen demanding resources (BOD) on water quality. The study evaluated the water quality changes as a result of the increasing human and industrial activities around the creek. Water quality standards require the maintenance of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 5mg/l or more at any time in streams. However practical analysis of the water samples from Amadi creek reveal a DO level as low as 2.3mg/l. The DO deficit was computed from data generated by sampling DO concentrations along the creek from various points of waste discharge downstream while the BOD of the stream was determined by monitoring BOD of samples obtained along the creek. The study also identified and quanti.....

Saha Dauji*

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000147

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Individual bungalows have given way to housing society in urban localities, where the floor area ratio is very high, most of the exposed areas are covered as pavements or parking spaces, and the population density is also very high. The pressures of modern life keep people from making intelligent and thoughtful decisions and thereby they fall prey to unsustainable social and environmental practices at their homes......

İrem Şanal*

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000146

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The use of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) has received a tremendous impulse in the last years in an attempt to push forward the boundaries of high-end structural applications. Generally, concrete is characterized by brittle failure, which limits the application and can be overcome by the inclusion of a small amount of short randomly distributed fibers (steel, glass, synthetic and natural) and can be practiced among others that remedy weaknesses of concrete, such as low ductility, high shrinkage cracking, low durability, etc. SFRC has the ability of excellent tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, fatigue resistance, ductility and crack bridging. Therefore, it has been applied abroad in various professional fields of construction. Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is a heterogeneous structural material compr.....

Abdulla-Al Kafy*, Lamia Ferdous and Saleha Akhter Poly

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000145

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The increment of vehicles due to the proportional increment of populations and a rapid development of modern society is a major concern in Metropolitan cities in developing countries like Bangladesh. So, it is imperative to monitor traffic volume as well as the quality of transport supply termed as the Level of Service (LOS). The present study is an investigation of the behavior of mixed traffic flow in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh. Field Traffic volume survey was carried out to determine the level of service at 3 major Unsignalized intersections in Rajshahi city corporation (RCC). Level of service (LOS) was determined by volume capacity ratio and peak hour factor (PHF) method. Nature of traffic flow in Rajshahi city is heterogeneous. So, this heterogeneous or mixed traffic are simplified by Passenger car unit (PCU). T.....

Lamia Ferdous*, Sabrina Sharmin, Md Nahidul Islam and Nazia Hossain

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000144

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The safe drinking water crisis is recognized as one of the major problems and the significant barrier to improve health and wellbeing in Rajshahi city. Basically, RWASA (Rajshahi Water Supply and Sewerage Authority) supplies water at Debishingpara in Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC). Safe drinking water crisis is becoming intensified day by day in Rajshahi City. The objective of the study is to identify local problem regarding safe drinking water scarcity in the community and to propose a community- based Strategies for reducing safe drinking water crisis. Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach was applied to identify the problems and suggest the community- based solution by involving community people. The study has been conducted by collecting data from a focus group which consists of 8.....

Isaac Garcia C and Zhanfang Wu

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000143

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Nondestructive testing (NDT) and signal processing were used to detect, locate and define surface and internal defects in unidirectionally solidified laboratory ingots. These defects included cracks, voids, coarse non-metallic inclusions and heavy chemical and microstructural segregation. Many NDT techniques have been developed and used to assess the presence of these defects. The factors responsible for these defects are often related to mechanical, thermal, or transformation stresses during the solidification process of continuously cast steels. The high thermal stresses result from the difference expansion or contraction behavior caused by the frequency of the temperature fluctuation during solidification. In order to study the effect of these temperature fluctuations to the defects, a specially designed copper chill mold that simulate.....

Hiba Alhawasli* and Khosroo Daneshjoo

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000142

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The concept of modern methods of construction seems to provide faster and more efficient construction increasingly in the construction industry. These modern methods provide features and solutions to the problems of cost, durability and speed but the choice of the most suitable system for building follows a number of requirements and conditions determined by the nature of the same construction and its specifications. This article analyzes two concrete building systems: concrete flat-slabs construction and tunnel form construction (TCF), but with a comparison methodology between both types of systems in the following aspects: method of construction, components contacts and particles of implementation, through an overview of both systems and their parts and the implementation mechanism of the construction to ul.....

Abdulla Al Kafy*, Nahidul Islam, Sabrina Sharmin, Farhana Mahzabin, Mahmud Arafat, Sumita Roy and Lamia Ferdous

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000141

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Town centre is the social hub of the town in which the central services of the highest order are found. For being one of the fast growing cities in Bangladesh, Rajshahi needs sustainable town centre with the integration of administrative, commercial, recreational, residential and industrial activities which will ensure smart and sustainable urban growth of the city. In this context, Baze Shilinda at Paba Upazila in Rajshahi district has been selected for the development of town centre. The study aims to develop a sustainable Town Centre by ensuring better urban design and integration of multiple functions. The proposed Town Centre has also been designed as a flexible multiple use district of vertical mixed-use buildings that brings retail, office, civic, recreational, and residential uses together and developed social connectivity through.....

Qasim M Shakir*

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000140

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A theoretical analysis is presented for estimating the in-space large displacement elastic stability behavior of structures subjected to either proportional or non-proportional dynamic loads. The analysis adopts the beam-column approach, which models the structure’s members as beam-column elements. The formulation of the beam-column element is based on the Eulerian approach allowing for the influence of the axial force on the bending and the torsion stiffness. Also, change in member chord length due to the axial deformation and flexural bowing are taken into account. Newmark- β method is used as a time integration technique to plot the time-deformation curves. Damping effect is expressed using Raleigh damping matrix. Several examples have been solved to insure the accuracy of the present analysis......

Ihimekpen NI, Ilaboya IR* and Awah LO

DOI : 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000139

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Trend in rainfall data have a great impact on the hydrological cycle and thus involve both the character and quantity of water resources. Analysis of trend in rainfall data also aids to see the result of rainfall variability on the occurrence of drought and flood. The aim of this research is to detect and estimate the magnitude of trend associated with rainfall data from Akure and Calabar which are located within the coastal region of Nigeria using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test statistics. Monthly data for thirty six (36) years spanning from 1980 to 2016 was used as input parameters for the analysis. Infilling of the missing records was done with the aid of expectation maximization algorithm which is unarguably one of the best missing value analysis techniques. Prep.....