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Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi*

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2022.03.000166

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Background: Dietary therapy aiming primarily at reducing the generation and accumulation of urea through protein restriction is the most important non-dialytic therapeutic intervention in the management of chronic renal failure. The use of a urea lowering agent “acacia gum” with protein restriction has been increasingly used as a new form of dietary dialysis which has been increasingly known as intestinal dialysis. Just like in other forms of dialysis, the use of conservative dietary and pharmacological measures is also necessary in intestinal dialysis...... ReadMore

Siniša Franjić*

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2022.03.000165

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Every man has two kidneys. Each kidney has a ureter, which drains urine from a central collection point into the bladder. From the bladder, urine is excreted through the urethra from the body through the penis in men and the vulva in women. The most important role of the kidneys is to filter metabolic waste products and excess salt and water from the body and help remove them from the body. The kidneys also help regulate blood pressure and make red blood cells...... ReadMore

Kajal Patel*, Nitin Patel, Shruti Mehta, Vaidehi Patel and Harsh Sutariya

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2022.03.000164

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Kidney transplant is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney transplant offers better quality of life. It is more cost effective than hemodialysis. Advances in surgical technique, along with improvement in organ preservation and immunosuppression have improved patient outcomes. Post-operative complications, however, can limit this success. Ultrasound and Doppler study is the primary imaging modality for evaluation of renal transplant, providing real –time information about complication in graft. A multimodality approach including CT scan, MRI or conventional angiography may be necessary in cases when sonography and Doppler are inconclusive to diagnose the etiologies of these complications. Radiologists play an integral role within the multidisciplinary team ..... ReadMore

Vijay Krishna Nagalla*

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2022.03.000163

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Introduction: Female urethral stricture is a highly under-reported and underdiagnosed condition encountered by the reconstructive urologist. Urethral dilatation is often performed with urethroplasty offered in select cases. In the present study, we describe our results in a series of women surgically treated for female urethral stricture disease using a suprameatal approach with a buccal mucosal graft dorsal on lay technique...... ReadMore

M N Hashmi*, Khuram Bashir, Tanzeel Abbasi, Rashid Asghar, Shumaila Anwar and Aimon Riaz

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2021.03.000156

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leaping up public health matter. It has an augmented effect on cardiovascular diseases and affects every system in body. In developed countries the extent of prevalence is available due to renal registries. In middle or low socio economic countries the proportion of this evolving health issue is not known. CKD is rising and a major contributor is soaring number of diabetes mellitus worldwide. Other significant addition in this cohort of CKD is by rising numbers of obese and hypertensive patients. In order to curtail this rising health matter immediate and intense measures both at preventive and curative levels are required..... ReadMore

Ali Bourgi*, Sleiman Merhej, Flavio Ordones and Elias Ayoub

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2021.03.000155

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A lymphocele is a common finding after renal transplantation. The majority of patients are asymptomatic. However, once a lymphocele has become symptomatic, this condition has to be treated. Lymphoceles may originate either from the lymphatic system of the recipient or the transplanted kidney. The most sensible measures to prevent their occurrence therefore seems to be to restrict the transplant bed to the smallest permissible level with careful ligature of the lymphatic vessels in the area of the kidney hilum.Therapy of a lymphocele after renal transplantation should commence with minimally invasive measures and continue with invasive procedures only if these are unsuccessful, namely, puncture and drainage then sclerotization, and then laparoscopic or open marsupialization...... ReadMore

Pavel Rasner* and Dmitriy Pushkar

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.03.000154

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Introduction: Amongst all of the medications prescribed to BPH patients undergoing conservative therapy, α1-blockers were used in 80% of cases. The question of optimal treatment length is one that has been constantly asked during the last years. The current study will encompass the data we have collected of a small study group of BPH patients treated with 10 mg of Alfuzosin daily, over a period of more than 7 years.Material and Methods: From 2009 to 2011, 41 patients with mean age 67.7 years began medical therapy taking 10 mg of Alfuzosin per day. The mean treatment length was 7.6 years as of today. 16 patients (39%) with prostates exceeding 60 cm3 were additionally prescribed 5-ARIs. Results: Overall, a positive dynamic was found in 85.4% of patients. Not a single patient chose to discontinue tre..... ReadMore

Corona-Montes Víctor Enrique*, González-Cuenca Eduardo, Fernández-Noyola Gerardo, Rueda-Loaiza Jesús Alejandro, Ramírez-Muciño José Arturo and Vázquez-Lavista Luis Gabriel

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.03.000153

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Objective: To describe step-by-step technique in Robot Assisted Radical Prostatectomy of our transperitoneal posterior-anterior technique for prostatic dissection with preservation of the endopelvic fascia, preservation of the puboprostatic ligaments and dorsal venous complex.Materials and Methods: Description of our surgical technique over 80 patients who underwent RARP and the characteristics group from 2016 to 2019 excluding the rest of cases who went to different surgical approach and technique for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Results: The mean age was 63 years old, 7% of patients were overweight and 7.5% had obesity. The mean pre-operative prostate volume was 42.620 cc, mean prostatic specific antigen (PSA) of 10.414.8 ng/dl. The mean console time was 19847. The s..... ReadMore

AM Ashurmetov*

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.03.000152

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Oxidative stress is one of the most common pathological processes, the essence of which is an imbalance in the state of the pro- and antioxidant systems of the blood, organs and tissues. This indicates the need for its direct pathogenetic correction, which can be carried out by means of specific and non-specific antioxidant therapy...... ReadMore

Simon Robinson*, Ailsa Butler, Mufeed Ali and Hanif Motiwala

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.03.000151

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Objectives: There are well recognised differences in health outcomes generally in society due to a range of socio-economic factors. We have compared survival outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for aggressive bladder cancer in the national health service (NHS) and compared this with those with private health insurance (PHI). Methods: This is retrospective study of 225 NHS and 32 PHI patients operated over 14 years by one surgeon. ASA scores were compared to approximate comorbidity status.Results: There were significantly worse outcomes for all cause and disease specific mortality in the NHS group. There was no difference in ASA scores.Conclusions: NHS patients fare worse than those with PHI. The reasons for this difference remain unclear. PHI patients have a more extensive lymphadenectomy a..... ReadMore

Ruairidh Crawford*, Charlie Khoo, Tina Rashid and William Cook

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000150

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Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant released in response to cell injury of any cause. A rise in CRP in the immediate postoperative period may be misattributed to surgical tissue damage and not to infection, posing a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. We have evaluated its performance as a marker of infective complications following major urological surgery.Materials and Methods: We reviewed all patients undergoing major urological surgery between March-December 2014. Data including operation, route, Charlson index, post-operative infection, and CRP measurements were recorded. We plotted receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate the utility of CRP as a marker of infection and explored procedure specific and patient specific risks for CRP elevati..... ReadMore

De Fabritiis Marco

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000149

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The incidental detection of small renal tumors is increasing. Over 75% of such renal tumors, smaller than 4 cm are malignant. Therefore the use of renal biopsy increased during the last decades. It is well tolerated and has a high diagnostic yield. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration represents a new option for renal tissue sampling, especially in those patients who simultaneously present suspected neoplastic lesions both in the kidney and in other anatomical districts such as lungs. We present two cases with concomitant intrathoracic and left kidney lesion, in which sampling of renal nodule by EUS-FNA changed the therapeutic management...... ReadMore

Nahla A Khairy, Ibrahim A Ali*, Mohammed I Eissa, Shihab Eldin S Dishean and Omer A Musa

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000148

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Background: Proteinuria is very common in Glomerular diseases like membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulonephritis and minimal change disease. Severe proteinuria can cause nephrotic syndrome in which there is worsening swelling of the body. Barley grains were used to treat the proteinuria but not been recommended formally to be used. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of Barley grains powder (Hordeumvulgare L.) among Sudanese patients with Proteinuria admitted at Ibn Sina hospital in Khartoum state. Methods: This is an analytical, cross-sectional hospital based study performed in Ibn Sina hospital in Khartoum state capital of Sudan during 2018-2019 in Sudanese patients above of age range (20 - 80 years old) who have documented renal impairment with significant proteinuria and have no extra renal c..... ReadMore

Ganesh K Bakshi, SK Raghunath, Sudhir Rawal, Ganesh Gopalakrishnan, Sanjai K Addla, Priya J, Suyog C Mehta, Mrinal Borgohain and Rajan Mittal*

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000146

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Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in men. Despite advances in treatment options, about 30-40% of patients develop the advanced disease in due course. Androgen deprivation is the standard first-line systemic therapy for men with advanced prostate cancer. Almost all patients with the metastatic disease go on to develop castration-resistant prostate cancer. The multiple therapeutic alternatives for castration-resistant prostate cancer, including abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, cabazitaxel, immunotherapy with sipuleucel-T, radiopharmaceuticals and bone-targeted therapies (zoledronic acid, denosumab) along with docetaxel have made the decision-making process complex and challenging for clinicians. Even the strong pipeline of systemic therapies with a diverse array of mechanisms of action in ..... ReadMore

Geoffrey Chitambala and Kasonde Bowa*

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000145

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Introduction: Erectile Dysfunction is an increasing problem in developing countries. Studies have shown a prevalence of up to 45% among men of 45 years and older [1]. Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is related to the integrity of the arterial endothelium [2]. The Pulse Pressure (PP) is a good measure of the calibre of the arterial blood vessels. It is a sensitive predictor of cardiovascular events in ageing populations. In view of this, the study proposes the use of Pulse Pressure in predicting Erectile Dysfunction in ageing men.Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of Pulse Pressure (PP) in predicting Erectile Dysfunction (ED) using the International Index of Erectile Function Score (IIEF5) in men aged 45 years and older at Ndola Teaching Hospital in Zambia.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study which re..... ReadMore

David Caddick* and Vijay Ramani

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000144

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Research question: Does reducing the time between the Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy (RALP) operation date and the removal of the urinary catheter have any effect on the rate of urine infection, acute urinary retention, haematuria or dysuria.Research problem: This study seeks to compare two groups of RALP patients, one with the urinary catheter in situ for 10 days and one group with the catheter in situ for 7 days. The reduction in the time to remove the catheter may have an impact on the frequency of various catheter associated problems including haematuria, rates of urinary infection, dysuria and acute urinary retention and this study seeks to investigate any differences between these groups...... ReadMore

Sasdelli Mauro

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000143

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183Copyright © All rights are reserved by Sasdelli Mauro. Journal of Urology & Nephrology StudiesShort CommunicationThe “Ponticelli” Therapy in the Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: an Italian inventionSasdelli Mauro*Ex director of the Department of Nephrology, San Donato Hospital, Italy*Corresponding author:Sasdelli Mauro, Ex director of the Department of Nephrology, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, ItalyReceived:January 23, 2020Published:January 27, 2020DOI:10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000143ISSN: 2641-1687Introduction Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (IMN) is one of the most frequent adult glomerulonephritis often associated to the clinical picture of nephrotic syndrome. In the IMN the antigens are probably located at the base of podocytes, and the glomerular lesions occur by the local formation of ..... ReadMore

Dr. Huseyin Kocan

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000142

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Background: The ICD-10 coding system is commonly used in organizations providing health services in many countries. This coding system used for diagnosis of diseases is standardized for national and international diagnoses with the aim of determining incidence rates for diseases and acting as a guide for determination of health policies.Aim: To determine the amount of ICD-10 diagnosis codes used for all patients attending our hospital in a 1-year period, the rates of ICD-10 related to urogenital system diseases and the distribution of urogenital system diseases.Materials and methods: From 15/04/2018 to 15/04/2019, a total of 3,764,124 ICD-10 codes were recorded for diagnosis and treatment in all units of Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital. Of these, 174,448 (5%) were ICD-10 codes for the urogenita..... ReadMore

Kane Yaya*, Bah Aw Mamadou, Lemrabott AT, Faye Maria, Faye Moustapha, Ka El Fary, Niang Abdou, Diouf Boucar, Seck Sidy Mohamed, Diawara Mame Selly and Cisse M Moustapha

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2020.02.000141

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We describe two cases of impaired secondary renal function to a Carapa Procera taking as part of traditional treatment in Ziguinchor, southern Senegal. The certain or suspected toxicity of Carapa Procera is little known in the literature. In the two reported observations, no cause but the traditional treatment was found to explain the clinical picture presented. The development was favourable in all cases after medical treatment and a few hemodialysis sessions. we insist on the difficult context of investigation of these accidents, on the medical ignorance of these practices in sub-Saharan Africa and in Senegal in particular, as well as on the necessary collaboration with local botanists knowledgeable in traditional medicine...... ReadMore

Camila R T Burity*, Fábio T Ferreira, Edson S Bezerra, Dorival M Duarte, Euclides J Nunes and Ricardo D Saade

DOI : 10.32474/JUNS.2019.02.000139

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A sliding hernia occurs when the hernia sac is partially formed by the wall of an abdominal organ, as sigmoid colon, appendix, cecum, and urinary bladder. The presence of bladder is rare, occurring in less than 4% of the cases. This case series shows typical radiology findings in three men with bladder inguinal hernia and how the pre-operative diagnoses can prevent complications...... ReadMore