Hemoglobin Genotype Polymorphism in Gravidas Women Attending Federal Medical Center Yola, Nigeria

Volume 4 - Issue 1

Etim EA¹*, Adjekuko OC², Ahmadu BU³ and Nweke JN⁴

Received: March 18, 2020;   Published: April 08, 2020

DOI: 10.32474/IPDOAJ.2020.04.000179

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Abstract

Background/Objective: Hemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in our red blood cells, hemoglobin is made up of globin chains which are encoded by their respective genes located on chromosome 11 and16 with several alleles. Many of these alleles suffer point mutations in the DNA sequence that lead to single amino acid substitutions in the globin moiety, resulting in the production of abnormal hemoglobin polymorphism and which are associated with a wide range of moderate to severe hemolytic anemia in pregnant women. Therefore, this study aims to examine hemoglobin genotype polymorphism among gravidas women in Yola.

Materials/Methods: 904 pregnant (i.e. gravida) women with age range of 18 to 41years in the antenatal ward of the hospital participated in this study and 2mls of venous blood were aseptically collected from each participant into EDTA vacutainer. The hemoglobin genotype was determined within 5hours of blood collection using Helena electrophoresis tank.

Results: 750.3(83%) of women had hemoglobin genotype of AA while 144.6(16%) women had hemoglobin genotype of AS. In addition, hemoglobin genotype AC was seen in 9(1%) of the gravida’s women while hemoglobin genotype SS and SC was not seen in this group of women within the study period.

Conclusion: Gene frequencies with regard to the hemoglobin genotype polymorphism in gravidas women has shown a general formula of AA > AS > AC indicating high prevalence of AA over AS and AC in Federal Medical Center Yola Nigeria.

Keywords:Hemoglobin polymorphism; gravidas women

Abstract| Introduction| Materials and Method| Results| Discussion| Conclusion| References|