Antibacterial Efficacy of Vernonia Amygdalina Against Bacteria Strains Recovered from Hospital Fomites, Nigeria

Volume 2 - Issue 2

Thonda Oluwakemi Abike¹*, Okorie Debbie¹, Ogidi Clement Olusola², Aladejana Oluwatoyin Modupe¹, Olowookere Boyede D³ and Olawoye Abimbola A¹

Received: October 14, 2020;   Published: November 02, 2020

DOI: 10.32474/CTBM.2020.02.000131

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Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the occurrence of bacteria from hospital fomites and the antibacterial activity extract from Vernonia amygdalina against bacteria isolates. The colonies obtained were subjected to colonial characteristics and conventional biochemical test with reference to Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was performed using the Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion methods while the antimicrobial activity of the extract was performed by using well diffusion method. Proteus species (18%) were the most prevalent bacteria followed by Staphylococcus spp (16%) while Actinobacter spp and Photobacterium spp have the least of 1%. All the isolates showed high resistant (100%) to various antibiotics tested while they are sensitive to ofloxacin. The bioactive extract of Vernonia amygdalina revealed the presence of some active medicinal constituent. The antibacterial activity of the extract against the organisms produced a zone of inhibition which ranged between 4.5-15mm at 100mg/ml concentration while it ranged between 2.0-12.1mm at 50mg/ml. In conclusion, this study showed that hospital fomites harbour highly pathogenic bacteria which have the potentials of causing epidemics in the nearest future. Therefore, the efficacy of Vernonia amygdalina against clinical resistant isolates could be explored for further pharmaceutical use and should be encouraged in the formulation and production of new antibiotics.

Keywords: Fomites; Phytochemicals; Vernonia amygdalina; Hospital acquired infections; Resistance; Antibacterial

Abstract| Introduction| Materials and Methods| Antibacterial Assay| Results| Discussion| Conclusion| References|