The Effects of Use Probiotics in Feed Supplement for Mountain female goats on the most important productive indicators Volume 9 - Issue 1

Ali Al-Hawrain, Jawad Sharaf, Iyad Al-Khaled, Rana Al-Shohuf, Wathiq Al-Taqee, Moamen Al-Shamndi and Safwan Abuo Assaf*

• Erra Station, Agriculture Scientific Research Center in Swaida, General Commission for Scientific and Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria

Received: September 29, 2020;   Published: October 05, 2020

Corresponding author: Safwan Abuo Assaf, Agricultural Engineering, Socio-Economic Researcher- Swaida Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria

DOI: 10.32474/CIACR.2020.09.000304

Abstract PDF

Abstract

This study was carried out at the Era Research Station for Improvement of the Mountain goats - the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria. During the seasons (2019-2020), in order to determine the effects of use probiotic growth factor on the most important productive indicators. 40 female milky goats were used in this study divided into two groups; the first one contained 20 animals as control while the second where treated by using 0.1% probiotic from the total feed diet. The results showed a highly significant effect for the use of probiotic in the diet at the level of 0.001 comparing with control for the following indicators: Milk consumed/kg, head production/kg , Milk value/SP, feed cost/ SP, profit margin/SP, where the mean was about 103.48±18.0 2, 0.81±0.02, 181.31±20.32, 141.90±1.03, 39.4±21.03, respectively, the Relative increases above control were 31.82%, 25.38%, 25.38%, 5.36% and 31.46% respectively.
The study recommended studying the effects of use probiotics in Feed for Mountain female goats in the breeders’ farms, as well as the effect of its use on the other strains of goats in Syria.

Keywords: Mountain Goat; The probiotic; Milk production; Feed Diet; Yield Indicators

Introduction

Goats are considered among the productive agricultural animals, which are suitable for breeding in Syria, as the average number of heads of milking goats, the total number of goats, and milk production amounted to about 1330851 heads, 1995 208/ head, 131592.3 tons respectively, for the average of the period 2014-2018 (Ministry of Agriculture And agrarian reform-Syria). Despite the suitability of the climatic conditions and the nature of the Syrian lands for this type of activity, the great pressure on pastures, the unavailability of fodder materials and the high prices of them necessitate the search for non-traditional alternatives in nutrition, and natural products to combat diseases, among which were probiotic growth stimuli Basavaraju et al. [1]. Probiotics are live bacteria and yeasts beneficial to health, especially for the digestive system in which they are originally present Faujdar et al. [2]. Putting the biological promoter in feed mixtures to different animals as nutritional additives shows a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract, and inhibition of other pathological microorganisms Anuradha et al. [3]. Probiotics are used to improve productivity indicators by improving the digestive process by affecting the balance of rumen flora, and they help demonstrate the genetic potential of the animal feeding on it Ghorbani et al.[4]. Probiotics increase the production of volatile fatty acids, short and medium chain fatty acids, and thus an increase in the energy available to the agricultural animal Rombeau et al. [5]. It has been found that adding microbial nutrition (probiotics) increases body weight and feed consumption in agricultural animals Emanuelle et al. [6].Lema et al. [7]. There was no effect of adding probiotics on red and white blood cell counts and protein in the blood of agricultural animals Sadieket al. [8]. Sayed [9] found an increase in hemoglobin and protein concentrations, and both leukocyte counts and AST (aminotransferase steroids) were not affected in the goats. WhileAntonovic et al. [10] observed a decrease in the concentration of glucose, urea, ALT, and AST (aminotransferase aspartate) in lambs, and an increase in both bilirubin and triglycerides. The study Al-Rubeii et al. [11], included adding different percentages of probiotics (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%) to the diet of Awassi lambs, with the aim of finding out the extent of their effect on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of meat. The results of the experiment showed the superiority of all biological reinforced treatments over the control treatment, related to carcass characteristics, physical composition, muscle and bone distribution and fat distribution pattern, and the treatment was 0.4% higher than the rest of the treatments in all measurements.

Research Goal

The research aims to find out the effect of growth stimuli/ probiotics/on the diets of dairy mountain goat females on productivity indicators.

Materials and Methods

Location

The experiment was carried out at the Erra Research Station to improve the mountain goat breed at the Syrian General Authority for Scientific Agricultural Research for the seasons 2019-2020. The experiment was applied to forty females of milking mountain goats, which were divided into two parts, Control (20), and the experiment (20). A ratio of (0.010% probiotics) was added from the concentrated diet, in addition to the filling ration. Which lasted until the end of the milk production season for a period of 126 days, periodic milk control readings during the season were taken for each goat?

The fodder feed

Ingredients: (Table 1)shows the components of the fodder feed provided to milking mountain goats for both the control and the experiment.

The cost of the daily fodder

(Table 2) the cost of 1 kg daily fodder used for the experiment and control (SP/1 kg).

Chemical composition

(Table 3)shows the chemical composition of the feed ingredients as a percentage.The daily feed requirements for animals were calculated based on the American Dietary Needs tables (N R C. 1981) according to the average live weight and the production of 1 kg of milk. Feeding was done on two times at 7 am and 6 pm.

Data Analysis Method

The study relied on descriptive statistics methods to describe some of the study variables, such as the mean, standard deviation, and standard error.
Analysis of variance (One way ANOVA), in order to show whether there is a significant effect of using probiotics on productivity indicators, and thus the statistical assumptions are:(H0): There are no significant differences between the averages of the productive indicators. (H0: μ1 = μ2).
(H1): There are significant differences between the averages of the productive indicators. (H1: μ1 ≠μ2).

Results and Discussion

Productive indicators

(Table 4) Shows the average values of the productive indicators obtained from the experience and control groups.It was found the negative values of the profit margin in Syrian pounds in the control group, which means loss, and it reached an average of 8.06 SP/ kg. While the positive values were recorded in the experiment, it reached an average of 39.4 SP/kg [12].

The effect of using probiotics

(Table 5,6) shows the results of the analysis of variance and some descriptive indicators:

• There are significant statistically significant differences at the level of 0.001 between the control and the experiment for each of the average of the following indicators: milk consumed/ kg, Production per one goat/kg, milk value/SP, feed cost/SP, profit margin/SP.
• The use of the catalyst in the diet did not significantly affect the duration of lactation per day.

Conclusion

There is a positive effect of using a probiotic growth stimulator in fodder mixtures for female mountain goats on the most important productivity indicators of dairy goat females compared with the control, except for the milking period indicator, which is in agreement with Ghorbani et al. [4] that adding probiotics to the forage diets improves the level of Productive indicators through improving the digestion process, and also helps to show the inherent genetic potential of the animal fed on it, and Rombeau etal. [5] agrees that the addition of probiotics increases the production of volatile fatty acids and medium and short chain acids that are mainly involved in the composition of goat milk , As it was found that the use of probiotic growth stimulator in the feed had a significant effect on the 0.001 level in favor of the experiment for the control on each of the following indicators: milk consumed / kg, Production per goat/ kg, milk value/SP, cost of feed/SP. Profit margin/SP, where the average of these indicators in the experiment was estimated at about 103.48±18.02, 0.81±0.02, 181.31±20.32, 141.90±1.03, 39.4±21.03, respectively, and the percentage increase represented 31.82%, 25.38%, 25.38%, 5.36% and 31.46% respectively.

References

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