Statistical Significance: Reliability of P-Values Compared
to Other Statistical Summaries
Volume 2 - Issue 1
Jacqueline Zawada1, John Kolassa2* and Yodit Seifu3
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- 1University of Notre Dame, USA
- 2Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, USA
- 3Department of Statistics, Merck & Co of Kennilworth, NJ, USA
*Corresponding author:
John Kolassa, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA
Received: November 28, 2019; Published: December 09, 2019
DOI: 10.26717/CTBB.MS.ID.000128
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Abstract
Statistical inference has strongly relied on the use of p-values to draw conclusions. For over a decade this reliance on the p-value
has been questioned by researches and academics. The question of whether p-values are truly the best standard, and what other
possible statistics could replace p-values l has been discussed deeply. We set out to understand the amount of variation within
p-values, and to find if they really are as reliable as the frequency of their use would suggest. To answer this question, we studied a
set of clinical trials over the past two years. We also aim to describe the variety of information included in drag labels, and determine
whether this information conforms to FDA guidelines. We found a large variation in the presentation of clinical trial data, much
of which was not in line with the guidelines of the FDA. Our findings also show that among the clinical trials we studied there is
more variation among the p-values than among the estimates. From this, we can conclude that the estimates from clinical trials
should hold a heavy weight in the decision of whether or not to approve the drug. This finding suggests that there is validity to the
skepticism of the reliance on p-values, and that further studies need to be done to find a new, more reliable, standard in statistical
inference.
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