Pathophysiology and Gastrointestinal Impacts of
Parasitic Helminths in Human Being
Volume 6 - Issue 1
Firew Admasu Hailu1*, Geremew Tafesse1 and Tsion Admasu Hailu2
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- 1Dilla University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Department of Biology, Dilla, Ethiopia
- 2Addis Ababa Medical and Business College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
*Corresponding author:
Firew Admasu Hailu, Dilla University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Department of
Biology, Dilla, Ethiopia
Received: November 05, 2020; Published: November 20, 2020
DOI: 10.32474/RRHOAJ.2020.06.000226
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Abstract
Introduction: This study mainly focus on the major pathologic manifestations of human gastrointestinal impacts of parasitic
worms.
Background: Helminthes and protozoan are human parasites that can infect gastrointestinal tract of humans beings and reside
in intestinal wall. Protozoans are one celled microscopic, able to multiply in humans, contributes to their survival, permits serious
infections, use one of the four main modes of transmission (direct, fecal-oral, vector-borne, and predator-prey) and also helminthes
are necked multicellular organisms, referred as intestinal worms even though not all helminthes reside in intestines. However, in
their adult form, helminthes cannot multiply in humans and able to survive in mammalian host for many years due to their ability
to manipulate immune response.
Objectives: The objectives of this study is to assess the main pathophysiology and gastrointestinal impacts of parasitic worms
in human being.
Methods: Both primary and secondary data were collected using direct observation, books and articles, and also analyzed
quantitatively and qualitatively following standard scientific methods.
Results and conclusion: Parasites are organisms living temporarily in or on other organisms called host like human and other
animals. Gastrointestinal parasitic helminthes have medical importance and live as endoparasites of human and other animals
as host. Such pathogenic parasitic helminths are hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus), pinworm
(Enterobius vermicularis), roundworm [(Ascaris lumbricoides) and lymphatic filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia timori)],
whipworm (Trichuris trichiura), threadworm (Strongyloides stercoralis), heartworms (Dirofilaria immitis), and Guinea worm
(Drancunculus medinensis). In addition, intestinal worms can transmit via fecal-oral route, direct contact with infected persons,
zoonotic transmission, skin penetration, oral and anal sex, ingestion of contaminated food or water, etc and also factors that promote
its transmission includes hot and humid climate, high population density, poor personal hygiene, presence of insects as vectors
for carriers of parasites, limited economic resources and some social cultural habits. However, its prevention strategies include
use of proper sewage disposal methods, consumption of clean and treated safe drinking water and food, proper hygiene, etc and
the main treatment of antihelminthic medications include albendazole, metronidazole, diethylcarbamazine, etc as suggested by
physician. Therefore, due to intestinal parasites can be easily transmit and cause great economic, health and social problems, and so
prevention methods are greatly advisable.
Keywords: Gastrointestinal Impacts; Parasitic Helminthes; Pathophysiology
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