Incidence of Antenatally Detected Congenital Anomalies in A Tertiary Care Hospital in A Rural Setting-A Prospective Observational Study

Volume 2 - Issue 4

Gokul Krishnan R¹*, Nirmala P² and Chandrasekhar G³

Received: June 18, 2020   Published: July 01, 2020

DOI: 10.32474/PAPN.2020.02.000144

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Abstract

Background: Congenital anomalies are an important cause of neonatal and infant mortality, contribute upto 11% of neonatal deaths globally. With increasing use of routine prenatal ultrasound, early identification of these anomalies is possible in antenatal period and thereby adequate counselling could be done by the Neonatologists. The present study was done to know the incidence, pattern of congenital anomalies and various presentations, which may help for antenatal parents counselling and subsequent management after delivery.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of our study was to analyze the antenatal incidence of major congenital anomalies in our hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done in the Neonatal division, Department of Pediatrics at Narayana Medical College hospital, Nellore, India between January 2018 to December 2019 (Two years). All antenatal mothers attending the outpatient department of Obstetrics & Gynecology were included in the study and subjected to TIFFA Scans. All antenatal mothers who gave consent for the study were recruited. The study was started after obtaining the ethical committee approval from our institute. Ultrasound screening of 7588 fetuses were performed and Pregnancies with fetal congenital anomalies were studied and necessary antenatal counselling was given by the Neonatologist.

Results: A total of 7588 antenatal mothers were screened for congenital anomalies in the 2nd and 3rd trimester by ultrasonography (USG). Out of these 265 numbers of congenital anomalies were detected. Incidence of fetal congenital anomalies was 3.4 %. Among the fetal congenital anomalies, renal anomalies were the most common.

Conclusion: Antenatal ultrasound is a non-invasive, sensitive, and cost-effective imaging technique which gives good results in experienced hands. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies provides information for proper decisions during pregnancy, fetal intervention if necessary, parental counselling and appropriate perinatal treatment, thereby improving perinatal outcomes.

Keywords: Antenatal congenital anomalies; TIFFA; Renal anomalies; Neonatologist

Abstract| Introduction| Methods| Results| Discussion| Conclusion| Funding| Conflict of Interest| Ethical Approval| References|