Bone Marrow Edema and Joint Overuse in Athletes: a Mini-Review Volume 4 - Issue 2

Calvin L. Cole^1,2, Kostantinos Vasalos^1,2, Gregg Nicandri^1,2, Cameron Apt^1,2, Emmalyn Osterling^1,2, Zachary Ferrara^1,2 Michael D Maloney^1,2, Edward M Schwarz^1,2 and Katherine Rizzone^1,2*

• ¹Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA
• ²Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA

Received: June 16, 2020;   Published: July 10, 2020

Corresponding author: Katherine Rizzone, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA

DOI: 10.32474/OSMOAJ.2020.04.000184

 

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Abstract

A marginal number of adolescents meet the recommended guidelines of 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous daily physical activity, and even fewer underrepresented minority females achieve this metric as compared to their male and white counterparts. While potential interventions exist to address these low levels of activity, which is a known risk for acute injuries and chronic disease, there is lack of consensus on the devices used to measure the intensity of daily activity levels. Wearable activity trackers such as FitbitTM have been utilized to quantify human motion and exercise intensity, but there is little precedence for these measures being assessed in adolescent wearers. Thus, our objective was to assess the feasibility of using Fitbit to assess daily physical activity levels in underrepresented minority adolescent females, who attend an economically challenged urban high school, over the course of a physical activity intervention. We also aimed to identify candidate Fitbit outcome measures for future prospective studies.
A 10-week physical activity intervention was implemented in a cohort of 24 high school female athletes. From within this cohort, a sample of five students was provided FitbitTM devices, from which we obtained data sets from three students. Activity on the days of the exercise intervention was measured and compared to activity on non-intervention days. Post-hoc assessments were performed based on individual heart rate reserves, the predefined levels set by the Inspire FitbitTM device and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) 2009 guidelines.
The results showed that while compliance is challenging, wearable devices can be used to assess daily physical activity levels and intensities in underrepresented minority high school female athletes during an extended physical activity intervention. Of the Fitbit outcomes currently available, assessment of moderate-vigorous activity (min/day) appeared to be the best as a measure of global physical activity. Prospective research is now warranted to validate these thresholds, and to test novel interventions for their ability to transition inactive adolescents at risk of sports-related injuries and long-term chronic disease, into a more active lifestyle.

Keywords: Fitbit; Physical Activity Recommendations; Physical Activity Intensity Levels

Abstract| Introduction| Materials and Methods| Results| Discussion| Acknowledgements| References|