A Native Assessment Respecting Incidence and Clinical
Characteristics of Neuroleptic Induced Malignant
Syndrome
Volume 3 - Issue 5
Saeed Shoja Shafti1*, Alireza Memarie2, Masomeh Rezaie3 and Masomeh Hamidi3
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- 1PHD Full Professor of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Iran
- 2DON, Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Iran
- 3MSN, Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Iran
*Corresponding author:
Full Professor of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Razi Psychiatric
Hospital, Iran
Received: September 03, 2019; Published: September 11, 2019
DOI: 10.32474/PRJFGS.2019.03.000172
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Abstract
Introduction: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening complication that can occur anytime during the course
of antipsychotic treatment. In the present assessment the incidence and clinical profile of NMS have been probed among a sample
of non-western psychiatric inpatients and compared with the available data in literature regarding prevalence and other associated
clinical physiognomies.
Methods: as a retrospective, record based evaluation, all cases that had been diagnosed absolutely as NMS during the last sixty-two
months, after ruling out other imaginable differential diagnosis, like encephalitis, meningitis and serotonin syndrome, had been
included in the present investigation. Clinical diagnosis, as well, was in essence based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Appraisal of independent variables had been analyzed by means of ‘Compression of proportions’.
Statistical significance as well, had been defined as p value ≤0.05.
Results: Among 19814 psychiatric patients hospitalized in Razi psychiatric hospital, during a sixty-two months’ period (April
of 2013- August 2018), eighteen cases (N=18) had been referred to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with diagnosis of NMS. The most
prevalent symptom was fever, which was present in 100% of cases and was significantly more frequent in comparison with. No
significant difference was evident between the remaining symptoms as regards incidence. Also, there was not any significant
difference between the first generation versus second generation antipsychotics. NMS was significantly more prevalent among
patients suffering from schizophrenia, and amongst male patients. Similarly, it was significantly more widespread amid 18-65 years
old age-group, especially age group of 30-39. Fatality was limited to only one patient.
Conclusion: While no significant difference was evident between first generation as opposed to second generation antipsychotics,
NMS was significantly more prevalent among young and male patients suffering from schizophrenia.
Keywords: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome; Typical Antipsychotic; Atypical antipsychotic; schizophrenia
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