Micro X-Ray Spectral Analysis and in Vivo Studies of Complex-Modified Titanium Implants Volume 5 - Issue 2

UE Eshkulov¹, S Yu, Ivanov^1,2, AI Shaikh Liev², AB Dymnikov¹ and EA Gosteva^3,4*

• ¹The Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, Russia
• ²First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health care of Russia, Sechenov University, Russia
• ³Academy of Engineering, RUDN University, Russia
• ⁴National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 4 Leninsky Prospekt, Russia

Received: February 3, 2022   Published: February 11, 2022

Corresponding author: EA Gosteva, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 4 Leninsky Prospekt, Russia

DOI: 10.32474/MADOHC.2022.05.000209

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Abstract

Currently, dental implantology continues to develop actively. There are more than a hundred manufacturers of dental implants (DI) and methods of processing their surfaces on the market. The traditional methods of modifying the DI surface include shot blasting with fractions (TiO2, Al2O3, SiO2, hydroxyapatite) followed by acid etching; anodizing method; laser treatment; spraying metals or salts on the surface of the DI. As a result, the surfaces of dental implants acquire macro- and micro-roughness, porosity to increase the area of contact with the bone tissue [1] . The cleanliness of the surface of a dental implant that has undergone preliminary processing and cleaning methods determines the quality of osseointegration and its stability during the functioning of the implant. However, a number of studies indicate that the contained metal impurities in titanium alloys, over time, are able to migrate into the surrounding tissues, leading to an interruption of osseointegration, bone resorption and, subsequently, to the loss of the implant. In addition, there is an opinion about a possible systemic negative effect of metal ions on the microorganism (Aluminum - Al, Vanadium - V, Iron - Fe) coming out of the titanium alloy. A number of authors have demonstrated the possibility of emission of nanosized metal particles from the surface of dental implants and metal meshes into the aqueous medium, identified them, and studied the response to basophils in the venous blood of patients [2-4].
The purpose of our study was to assess the effect of the developed method of complex modification of the surface of the DI, including sequential mechanical treatment and irradiation with PIB (powerful ion beams) of dental implants made of Grade 1 alloy. The proposed method made it possible to increase the physicomechanical properties of the titanium surface and, as a consequence, the bio inertness of the implant itself. A histomorphometric study of intraosseous dental implants treated with PIB in an experimental model of miniature pigs revealed high osseointegrative properties, comparable to other methods of surface treatment of the DI.

Keywords: Micro X-Ray Spectral Analysis; Irradiation with Powerful Ion Beams; Dental Implant; Osseointegration; Microroughness

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