Basic Understanding Anticipation Gene, Lead to
Manifestation Oral Disease: A Review Article.
Volume 4 - Issue 4
Nanda Rachmad Putra Gofur1*, Aisyah Rachmadani Putri Gofur2, Soesilaningtyas3, Rizki Nur Rachman Putra
Gofur4, Mega Kahdina4 and Hernalia Martadila Putri4
- 1Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- 2Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- 3Department of Dental Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes, Surabaya, Indonesia
- 4Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Received: February 12, 2021 Published: February 16, 2021
Corresponding author: Nanda Rachmad Putra Gofur, Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
DOI: 10.32474/MADOHC.2021.04.000193
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Abstract
Introduction: Anticipation of genes in genetics is a phenomenon that genetic disorders are passed from one generation to the
next. The symptoms of this genetic disorder become clearer with early age with each generation. In many cases, the increase in
symptom severity also occurs in later generations. Gene anticipation is common in diseases with trinucleotide repetition disorders,
such as Huntington’s disease and myotonic dystrophy. This disease occurs quite dynamic mutase in DNA. All of these diseases also
have neurological symptoms. Anticipation of genes is still debated, including biological phenomena or earlier diagnosis related to
increased awareness of disease symptoms in the family. There are two disease manifestation related oral disease, such as hutington
and bechet disease. This article aims to review basic understanding anticipation gene, lead to manifestation oral disease.
Discussion: Genetic anticipation is the phenomenon of an earlier age of onset or an increase in the severity of the clinical
picture of genetic disorders as they are passed on to the next generation. The molecular mechanisms underlying anticipation are
largely unknown but are typically associated with repeated trinucleotide expansions in several genetic diseases. In cancer, genetic
anticipation has previously been described in several hereditary cancer syndromes, such as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal
Cancer (HNPCC), leukemia, Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and also in breast and ovarian cancer. Evidence suggests that short telomeres
and subsequent genomic instability contribute to the anticipation of malignant transformation genes. Telomere shortening has
been described as a genetic anticipatory mechanism in congenital dyskeratosis and Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Women who carry
mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, and part of the BRCAX family, are characterized by short telomeres. In this case, genetic
anticipation, successive cancer baseline age, in this family was associated with a decrease in telomere length in the affected girls
compared to their mothers.
Conclusion: Huntington’s disease shows anticipation and expansion of repeated CAG trips. All repeat triplets in genetic diseases
identified to date show anticipation. Several other diseases also show anticipation including spinocerebellar ataxia type 2, bipolar
affective disorder, Bechet’s syndrome and spastic heratitis paraparesis (Strumpell’s disease).
Keywords: Anticipation Gene; Mutation; Oral disease; Bechet; Hutington
Abstract|
Introduction|
Discussion|
Mechanism Anticipation Gene|
Expansion (Repetition) and Deletion in Anticipation of Genes|
Anticipation Gene Related to Oral Disease|
Conclusion|
References|