Cervical Cancer, Types of Diagnosis and Recent Treatment Methodologies

Anusha Sudulaguntla*¹, Jeffin Thomas², Aji KU², Gifty Merin Chacko² and Donamol Abraham²

Received: January 24, 2018;   Published: February 08, 2018

DOI: 10.32474/OAJBEB.2018.01.000106

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Abstract

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in developing countries. Human papilloma virus (HPV) with sexually transmitted infection is the major causative agent and risk factor for developing cervical cancer. Women aged between “21-65 years” are the major risk group for cervical cancer. Increase in incidence and mortality rate due to cervical cancer, led to interventions for preventing and screening of this disease. Pap smear and HPV test are the two major screening techniques. According to National Cancer Institute, HPV vaccines can prevent cancerous and pre-cancerous cases infected by high risk HPV. Recent advancement by targeting specific genes provides new scope in the treatment of cervical cancer.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; HPV (human papilloma virus); Pap smear; HPV vaccines

Abbrevations: CDC: Center for Disease Control and Prevention, FIGO: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer, HPV: Human papilloma Virus, CIN: Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, DES: Diethylstilbestrol, LEEP: Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure.

Abstract| Introduction| Cervical Cancer Disease Rate| Procedure| New Screening Algorithm for Cervical Cancer (Figure 2)| Recent Advancement In Cervical Cancer| Conclusion| References|