Pharmacosomes and Emulsomes: An Emerging Novel Vesicular Drug Delivery System Volume 3 - Issue 4

Uzma Afreen and Krishna Shailaja A*

• Department of Pharmaceutics, RBVRR Women’s College of Pharmacy, Affiliated to Osmania University, Barkatpura, India

Received: July 01, 2020;  Published: July 30, 2020

Corresponding author: Krishna Shailaja A, Department of Pharmaceutics, RBVRR Women’s College of Pharmacy, Affiliated to Osmania University, Barkatpura, Hyderabad Osmania University-500027, India

DOI: 10.32474/GJAPM.2020.03.000166

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Abstract

Novel drug delivery attempts to either sustain drug action at a predetermined rate, or by maintaining a relatively constant, effective drug level in the body with concomitant reduction of undesirable side effects. In vesicular drug delivery system drug binds covalently to the lipid molecule by which the drug release in a controlled manner and also drugs which are of hydrophilic or lipophilic nature can be delivered by using the vesicular drug delivery systems. The release of drug from the vesicles depends on the physicochemical characteristic of both the drug and carrier. Vesicular drug delivery system contains liposomes, niososmes, transferosomes, pharmacosomes, emulsomes, electrosomes, ethosomes etc. Pharmacosomes are amphiphilic phospholipids complexes of drugs bearing active hydrogen that bind to phospholipids. Like further vesicular systems pharmacosomes provide an effective method for delivery of drug directly to the site of infection, leading to minimization of drug toxicity with no adverse effects. They also decrease the cost of therapy by enhancing bioavailability of medication, particularly in case of poorly soluble drugs. Emulsomes is a novel lipoidal vesicular system with an inner solid fat core surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer. Emulsomal formulations composed of solid lipid core material and stimulated by cholesterol and soya lecithin. The drug is loaded accompanied by sonication to produce emulsomes of small size. This review discourse the concept of emulsome and pharmacosome drug delivery system, summarize the success of emulsomes and pharmacosomes for the delivery of small molecules, and special concentration has been paid to its formulation design, merits, biopharmaceutical aspects, stability aspects, and various different aspects associated to the drug delivery system including future aspects. Hence, pharmacosomes and emulsomes opens new challenges and opportunities for improved novel vesicular drug delivery system.

Keywords: Controlled oral drug delivery; vesicular drug delivery; emulsomes; pharmacosomes; oral bioavailability

Abstract| Introduction| Pharmacosomes| Advantages of Pharmacosomes [3,7,10]| Disadvantages of Pharmacosomes [7,11]| Limitations of Pharmacosomes [3,12]| Salient Features of Pharmacosomes [7]| Components of Pharmacosomes| Preparation of Pharmacosomes| Evaluation of Pharmacosomes| Applications of Pharmacosomes [3,7]| Emulsomes| Advantages of Emulsomes [26,27]| Disadvantages of Emulsomes| Mechanism of Emulsomes Absorption| Emulsomal Formulation| Methods of Preparation [26,27]| Applications of Emulsomes| Conclusion| References|