Salinity and Sodicity Shock Quiona Plant Establishment

Muhammad Arshad Ullah¹*, Muhammad Rasheed², Imdad Ali Mahmood¹, Badar uz Zaman¹ and Syed Ishtiaq Hyder¹

Received: July 20, 2018;   Published: August 02, 2018

DOI: 10.32474/CIACR.2018.04.000179

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Abstract

A possible alternative to minimize the effects of salt stress is the introduction of species tolerating these conditions with a good adaptability in terms of growth and yield. So, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivar Titicaca was grown. In view of that a pot experiment was conducted to study the growth performance and ionic composition of Conocarpus erectus L. under saline – sodic conditions. Sixteen treatments i.e. (T₁=<4(dSm^-1)+<15 (mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₂= 20(dSm^-1) + 20 (mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₃= 20(dSm^-1)+40 (mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₄= 20 (dSm^-1)+60(mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₅= 20(dSm^-1)+80(mmolL^-1)^1/2, T₆= 20(dSm^-1)+100 (mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₇= 30(dSm^-1)+20(mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₈= 30(dSm^-1)+40(mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₉= 30 (dSm^-1)+60(mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₁₀=30(dSm^-1)+80(mmolL^-1)^1/2, T₁₁=30(dSm^-1)+100(mmolL^-1)^1/2, T₁₂=40(dSm^-1)+20(mmolL^-1)^1/2, T₁₃=40(dSm^-1)+40(mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₁₄=40 (dSm^-1)+ 60(mmol L^-1)^1/2, T₁₅=40 (dSm^-1)+80(mmol L^-1)^1/2 and T₁₆=40(dSm^-1)+100 (mmol L^-1)^1/2) were evaluated in order to investigate their effect on plant growth and yield. T₁ attained the highest plant height (80cm) due to having low saline sodic stress. Increased saline sodic stress decreased plant height (44.7cm) and got the bottom position. % decrease over control in plant height was also differed among treatments. This percentage was ranged from 1.25 to 44.12 due to variations in saline sodic stresses. The reduction in grain yield was addressed by the toxic effects of salts in saline sodic soils. 4.90 % decrease over control in grain yield by T₂ while T16 produced the increased % decrease over control in grain yield (73.06). Similar trend was also observed in straw yield

Keywords: Salinity/Sodicity; Quinoa; Growth; Yield

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