Crossability and Genetic Diversity Studies in Pea (Pisum sativum)

Dipen Nama Adhikari, VK Khanna* and K Noren Singh

Received: July 12, 2018;   Published: July 25, 2018

DOI: 10.32474/CIACR.2018.03.000174

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Abstract

Crossability of various accessions of pea on the basis of pollen development and fruit set was studied along with genetic diversity by SSR markers. This study was taken up with 37 pea accessions to analyze genetic diversity with the help of 17 SSR primers. From these accessions, 6 random accessions were selected for the crossability studies on the basis of their fruit set. Among the selfing, the maximum pollen fertility was observed in Pant-5 (98.31%) and minimum in VRP-228 (94.11%). Pollen germination after 24 hours in VRP-372 was maximum amongst parents (22.52%) and the least was found in AP-3 (17.73%). In crosses, maximum pollen germination after 24 hours was found in VRP-61 X Pant-5 (17.69 %) and the minimum in VRP-21 X VRP-372 (13.93 %). The longest pollen tubes after 24 hours were observed amongst parents in Pant-5 (895.67μm) and the smallest in VRP-372 (785.89μm). In the crosses the maximum pollen tube growth was in VRP-372 X Pant-228 (1000.44μm) and minimum in VRP-61 X VRP-21 (723.21μm). The maximum fruit set among parents was 95.22% in Pant-5 and the least in VRP-228 (83.22%) and in crosses it was recorded in VRP-61 X VRP-228 (87.50%) and the least in VRP-21 X VRP-228 (76.47%). The data was subjected to correlation studies which showed that there was non- significant correlation between pollen germination, pollen tube growth and fruit set. A total of 17 SSR primers were selected to assess genetic diversity of 37 accessions of pea. Based on the PIC value, SSR AA446 and SSR AA473were found to be more informative. The data obtained from SSR primers were subjected to generate Euclidean distance and clustered dendrogram was made [1], which indicated that Morana-2 and PS are more distinct from each other and VRP-262, GS-10, Parthana, VRP-176 and VRP-243 were found to be very less distinct.

Keywords: Crossability, Pisum sativum, Pollen tube, Fruit set, SSR

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