Transfusion Practice in Surgical Resuscitation Department of a University Hospital, Antananarivo (Madagascar)

Rakotonomenjanahary Sidonie¹*, Razafindrainibe Tanjonirina², Rahanitriniaina Nadia Marie Philibertine³, Randriamandrato Tantely Anjarahaingo Voahangiarivola³ and Rajaonera Tovohery Andriambelo³

Received: October 15, 2019   Published: October 23, 2019

DOI: 10.32474/SCSOAJ.2019.03.000166

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Abstract

Introduction: Given the frequency of blood transfusion in the intensive care unit, it must be performed according to the recommendations to ensure transfusion safety. The aim of our study is to describe the practice of transfusion in a surgical resuscitation service.

Methods: This is a 21-month retrospective and descriptive study (January 2015 - September 2016) in the Department of Surgical Resuscitation of the University Hospital JRA Antananarivo Madagascar. All patients over 15 years old and transfused during the study period are included.

Results: 937 patients were transfused, with a transfusion rate of 25.3%. A male predominance (sex ratio = 2.21) was found with an average age of 45.93 (± 17.74) years. Digestive haemorrhage and postoperative cases are common reasons for transfusion. The blood count and the haemostasis assessment were performed in 58.38% and 50.48% of pre-transfusion patients, respectively. The red blood cell (RBC) is the most used (54.72%), followed by Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) (28.68%) and then there have been cases of use of Platelet – Rich Plasma (PRP) (12.93%) and Whole Blood (2.67%). The transfusion event occurred only in 0.43% of patients.

Conclusion: The realities of the country explain the insufficiency of biological arguments for transfusion. And the absence of a well-defined haemovigilance system makes transfusion accidents unrecognized and undeclared. Hence the interest of a transfusion protocol adapted to the Malagasy context.

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