Olfactory Outcome After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Volume 5 - Issue 4

Satish HS¹, Roopa Malali², Rinki J Pomson³, Deepika TM³, Athira Thampan³ and Borlingegowda Viswanatha⁴

Received: October 17, 2020;   Published:November 18, 2020

DOI: 10.32474/SJO.2020.05.000216

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Abstract

Background: Olfactory dysfunction is one of the major symptoms of CRS. Olfactory dysfunction affects the quality of life. Endoscopic sinus surgery is the surgical modality of treatment in cases of failed medial therapy. Assessment of olfaction in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery is essential to know the impact on olfaction.

Objective: To assess the olfaction before and after Endoscopic sinus surgery.

Methods: This is a prospective study. Total 45 Patients were included in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy and CT scan were done preoperatively. Olfaction was assessed in all patients preoperatively, postoperatively at 1month and 3 months using olfactory testing tool.

Results: There were 45 patients of both gender 57.78% were females and 42.22% were males. The mean age of patients in our study was found to be 39.82±6.264 years. Most of these patients were in fourth decade of life. Of 45 patients 75% had symptoms of hyposmia/anosmia before surgery. Average Lund Mackey score for CT scan findings was found to be 13.42 ± 3.1. The patients were assessed postoperatively at 1st month and 3rd month using olfactory testing tool. The mean composite olfactory score was 5.83±2.89 preoperatively increased to 8.28± 2.33 at 1 month and 10.12 ±1.11 at 3 months, this difference was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). All patients mean olfactory scores improved postoperatively. The mean composite olfactory scores improved following endoscopic sinus surgery by 3.5 in Anosmic patients, 2.22 in Hyposmic patients and 1.04 in Normosmic at 1 month. Whereas at 3 months, 6.65, 3.22 and 1.95 in Anosmic, Hyposmic and Normosmic patients, respectively. The study was an attempt to assess the olfaction preoperatively and postoperatively in patients undergoing ESS.

Conclusion: The evaluation of olfaction in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery showed improvement in olfactory outcome following the surgery in patients with CRS. 61% to 69% of CRS patients have a reduced sense of smell. Approximately two thirds of cases are due to the sinonasal disease. Olfactory dysfunction as result of sinonasal disease is unlikely to improve spontaneously without treatment.

Keywords: Olfaction; endoscopic sinus surgery; chronic rhino sinusitis

Abbreviations: CRS: Chronic Rhinosinusitis; ESS: Endoscopic Sinus Surgery; CCCRC: Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Centre

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