Cross-Sectional Study of Cerumen Impaction Among
Inmates of a Nigerian Correctional Facility
Volume 6 - Issue 1
Abdullahi Musa Kirfi1*, Mohammed Bello Fufore2, Oladeji Raheem Quadri3, Musa Emmanuel4, Aliyu Mohammed Kodiya5 and Onyekwere George Benjamin Nwaorgu6
- 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi, Nigeria
- 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Federal Medical Center Yola, Nigeria
- 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Gombe State University, Gombe Nigeria
- 4Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Maitama District Hospital, Federal Capital Territory Administration,
Nigeria
- 5Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maiduguri and University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital,
Nigeria
- 6Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Nigeria
Received: February 01, 2021 Published: February 10, 2021
Corresponding author: Abdullahi Musa Kirfi, Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Abubakar Tafawa
Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi, Bauchi Nigeria
DOI: 10.32474/SJO.2021.06.000227
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Abstract
Background: Prisoners are prone to many diseases and their complications. In most countries, prisoners are neglected, so also
their ear health. This study aimed to determine the pattern and prevalence of wax impaction among inmates of a prison in Kaduna
Nigeria.
Participants and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of prison inmates at the Kaduna convict prison and a control
population. All consented inmates aged 18 – 55years in the Kaduna convict prison were enrolled. Equal number of controls matched
for age and gender were enrolled from the communities in Kaduna North Local Government. Data was collected using a structured
questionnaire. Participants had thorough physical examination of the ear as well as otoscopy to assess the external auditory canal
for presence of impacted wax. Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 20.0 was used to analyse the data. Test of
significance was conducted with chi square test.
Results: Four hundred and thirty inmates and equal number of controls matched for age and gender were enrolled for the
study. The mean age for the inmates and controls were 29.7±8.1 years and 30.47±8.02 years respectively. In both groups 47 females
and 383 males were enrolled, with a F:M of 1:8.1. Prisoners had wax impaction in 56 (13.0%) right ears and 55(12.8%) left ears
while the general population had wax impaction in 56(13.0%) and 58(13.5%) right and left ears, respectively.
Conclusion: Wax impaction showed no preponderance between the inmates and the general population.
Keywords: Prison inmates; prevalence; ear canal; wax impaction
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