Association Between Hearing Loss with Site and Size of
Tympanic Membrane Perforation: A Retrospective Study
Volume 7 - Issue 1
Harshavardhan Annigeri1 and Borlingegowda Viswanatha2*
- 1Senior Resident, Department of ENT, Bangalore Medical College& Research Institute, India
- 2Professor and Head, Department of ENT, Bangalore Medical College& Research Institute, India
Received:June 18, 2021; Published:June 28, 2021
Corresponding author: Harshavardhan Annigeri, Senior Resident, Department of ENT, Bangalore Medical College& Research
Institute, Bangalore, India
DOI: 10.32474/SJO.2021.07.000251
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Abstract
Background: Perforation of tympanic membrane decreases surface area and allows the sound waves to pass through middle
ear directly. Size of perforation and severity of the hearing loss are related.
Aim: The present study was aimed to evaluate association between hearing loss with site and size of tympanic membrane
perforation.
Methods: All patients between 15-60 years of age with chronic otitis media safe type attending to outpatient clinic of ENT,
Bangalore Medical College over the period of one year were included in this hospital-based retrospective study. The patients with
unsafe CSOM, mixed hearing loss, and refusal to participate in the study, were excluded.
Results: 52% patients aged between 21 and 30 years. Male to female ratio was 1.7:1. 53% patients belonged to average
socioeconomic class. The most common symptom on presentation was decreased hearing present in all the patients followed by
otalgia (38%), and headache (31%). Unilateral ear was affected in 82 patients in our study. In 9 patients, both ears were affected.
Among 50% ears, size of perforation was 10-30 mm2 followed by 0-9 mm2 in 40% ears, and >30 mm2 in 10% patients. We also
observed that the patients with higher perforation have an increase in hearing loss on PTA examination (P<.0001). Among 100 ears,
the most common perforation site was central (70%) followed by antero-superior (19%), antero-inferior (15%), postero-inferior
(9%), and postero-superior (3%). We also observed that median PTA frequency on postero-superior site was significantly higher
than antero-superior, anterosuperior, and central site (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Hearing loss is directly related to the size of TM perforation, as the size increases hearing loss also increases.
Keywords:Chronic otitis media; tympanic membrane; hearing loss
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