Fake Popeye Muscles. Soft Tissue Granulomas Secondary to Intramuscular Synthetic Oil Injections in Bodybuilding. Case Series and a Literature Review.

Sultan AlShaqsi*, Mohammad A Qader Ali and Taimoor Albulushi

Received: July 16, 2018;   Published: July 23, 2018

DOI: 10.32474/OSMOAJ.2018.01.000120

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Abstract

The administration of Site Enhancing Oils (SEO) is a wellknown illegal practice in sports that require significant muscle bulk such as bodybuilding [1,2]. This practice has been associated with significant health effects. The side effects from such practices appear decades after the initial injections and the most destructive form is chronic granulomas. This paper reports five cases of pathological massive muscle granulomas that required extensive surgical excision among amateur bodybuilders in the Sultanate of Oman. The article reviews the history of SEO in bodybuilding, pathophysiology, clinical and radiological assessment and finally management. This case series exemplifies the significant health consequences from recreational sport practices.

Introduction| Case Reports| Discussion| Conclusion| References|