Cutaneous Manifestations of Hypothyroidism: A Clinical Study Volume 6 - Issue 1

Mohammad Rahmat Ullah Siddique¹*, Monirul Islam², Md. Shahidullah Sikder³, MA Wahab⁴, Md Alauddin Khan⁵ and Nahid Pervez khan⁶

• ¹Research Assistant, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
• ²Research Assistant, Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
• ³Professor, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
• ⁴Professor, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
• ⁵Medical Officer, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
• ⁶Junior Consultant of Dermatology and Venereology, 250 Bed General Hospital Manikganj, Bangladesh

Received: September 4, 2021   Published: October 01, 2021

*Corresponding author: Mohammad Rahmat Ullah Siddique, Research Assistant, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh

DOI: 10.32474/LOJMS.2021.05.000226

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Abstract

Hypothyroidism commonly has dermatologic manifestations. The endocrinopathies that may have cutaneous findings, in hypothyroidism the physician most likely see the skin reflect the functional capacity of the thyroid gland. The aim of the study was to find out the cutaneous manifestations of the hypothyroid patients in tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. The descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, during the period of July 2017 to June 2018. In this study, 100 patients were enrolled who have skin complaints and symptoms of hypothyroidism and parameters were noted regarding history, cutaneous symptoms and signs. Among the 100 patients, 22% were male and 78% were female with mean age 41 yrs. Most common cutaneous symptom was pruritus (76%), followed by dry skin (72%), diffuse hair loss (44%), course/rough skin (32%), puffy oedema (27%), nail changes (23%), decrease sweating (6%) and delayed wound healing (4%). The most usual cutaneous sign was xerosis (72%), followed by hair changes (56%), alteration in skin texture (53%), pigmentary changes (32%), oedematous changes (29%) and keratoderma (24%). The most conventional pigmentary change was vitiligenous change (19%), followed by melasma (6%), periocular pigmentation (4%) and diffuse hyperpigmentation (3%). Present study also assessed nail and hair changes in those patients. Common nail change was onycholysis (14%), followed by leuconychia (11%), brittle nail (9%), cuticle loss (6%) and vertical striations (1%). And usual hair change was diffuse hair loss (29%), followed by thin scalp hair (19%), both thin scalp hair and hair loss (11%), madarosis (6%) and canitis (2%). Considering high prevalence of skin, hair and nail changes in patients with hypothyroidism, early diagnosis and treatment can be helpful to reduce disease burden in Bangladesh.

Abstract| Introduction| Material and Methods| Results| Discussion| Limitations of the Study| Conclusion| Conflict of Interest| Fund| Acknowledgement| Author’s Contribution| References|