Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and its Interplay with Various Metabolic Disorders

Ishimwe Steven Papy¹, Xiang-Rong Cheng^1,2,3*, Guo-Wei Le^1,2,3 and Md. Serajul Islam²

Received: February 20, 2020;   Published: March 03, 2020

DOI: 10.32474/CTGH.2020.03.000151

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Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is described as exposition of multiplex liver metabolic disturbance interconnected with obesity. NAFLD is depicted by steatosis, excessive accumulation of fats in liver, due to triglycerides export and oxidation of fatty acid from plasma and de novo synthesis. Hepatic steatosis can therefore be explained as biochemical outcome of inconsistency between interfused mechanisms of lipid biotransformation. This condition is allied to a range of various modifications in lipoproteins, fatty acids, and glucose metabolisms in organism. So, above metabolic disfunctions are suspected to be the origin of possibility for adverse cardiometabolic risk agents related to NAFLD, like dyslipidemia, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and insulin resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation participates as known inducer of inflammation and oxidative stress, that exacerbate this disease. These disorders are hallmarks that worsen NAFLD complications, so far participate in developing advanced stages of NAFLD and incline the body to CVD and T2D. The reciprocal risks exist among these diseases. Given the sharp growing prevalence and persistence of NAFLD, and its complexity that provoke additional metabolic syndrome, this review discusses various mechanisms of developing NAFLD, interaction with other associated hallmarks, aiming to clarify beneficial mechanisms for improvement.

Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; oxidative stress; Type 2 diabetes; noncoding RNAs; cardiovascular disease

Abstract| Introduction| Prevalence of NAFLD| NAFLD Pathogenesis| Hallmarks in NAFLD| Non-Coding Rnas Improve NAFLD| Conclusion| Acknowledgement| References|