Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease

Jayme Sack² and Hari Tunuguntla¹*

Received:May 08, 2019;   Published: May 13, 2019

DOI: 10.32474/CTGH.2018.02.000137

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Abstract

The Gut Microbiome is an integral component to the mental and physical wellbeing of humans. The symbiosis of various microbacteria in cohabitation with our organs is crucial for daily function. In this review article, we reference current literature to demonstrate how important the link between the feelings of our gut is with the rest of our body. We detail critical points of how the gut microbiome affects other systems. The role of maternal microbiome in fetal development diversifies gut flora and enhances defense against stress. The enteric nervous system is intertwined with brain signals and hormonal impulses, which effectively connects two independent systems. The neuropsychiatric involvement with the gut and modulation of psychological disorders can influence gut dysbiosis- a term we define as shifts away from “normal gut microbiota diversity.” Lastly, we conclude with solutions to impaired gut-brain axes. Healthier lifestyle decisions with diet, exercise, and meditation are critical to positive influence of the intestinal microbiota. We discuss one such practice, Shivyog, which chooses a whole-body approach to fighting stress, while increasing physical stamina. We hope to shed light on how improvement in gut flora allows the systems of the human body to function synchronously.

Keywords: Gut; Microbiome; Symbiosis; Dysbiosis; Shivyog

Abbreviations: CNS: Central Nervous System; ENS: Enteric Nervous System; FGIDs: Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders; IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease; IBS: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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