Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension among Saudi Patients with Obesity

Khalid S Aljabri¹*, Samia A Bokhari¹, Muneera A Alshareef¹, Patan M Khan¹ and Bandari K. Aljabri²

Received: June 13, 2018;   Published: June 21, 2018

DOI: 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000110

Full Text PDF

To view the Full Article   Peer-reviewed Article PDF

Abstract

Background and Objective: Obesity is a major risk factor for non communicable diseases.

Obesity, diabetes and hypertension are so tightly linked. This study aims to determine the frequency of type 2 diabetes and hypertension among obese Saudi population.

Methods: We analyzed participants who are older than 18 years old. A total of 2452 cases with body mass index ≥30.0 kg/m² were selected to be enrolled for the present study. All patients were from the population of the Primary health and Diabetic Centres at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital.

Main results: A total of 2452 participants were studied. The mean age of the study population was 45.7±14.6 years, 46.9±15.3 years for males and 45.1±14.2 years for females. Moreover, the prevalence of males was 805(32.8%) and the prevalence of females was 1647(67.2%) with males to females ratio was 1.00: 2.01. Mean BMI was 34.9±4.4. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension had been diagnosed in 930(37.9%) and 538(21.9%) respectively. In the study population, 1502(61.3%) were obese Grade I, 671 (27.4%) were obese Grade II while 279 (11.4%) were morbidly obese (obese Grade III). Moreover, increased body mass index were strongly linked to females, 61.8%, 72.7% and 82.8% respectively and this was found to be statistically significant (p<0.0001). Moreover, increased with body mass index categories were strongly linked to females and this was found to be statistically significant (p<0.0001). There were no significant differences between different with body mass index grades and mean age, frequency of type 2 diabetes and hypertension. The peaks for all mean and body mass index categories were at age 30–34 years and 50-54 years with higher mean and body mass index categories for females. There were nonsignificant associations between obesity and hypertension or diabetes. In regard to the relationship between body mass index categories and type 2 diabetes and hypertension in different age ranges, it was observed that type 2 diabetes, hypertension and type 2 diabetes associated with hypertension are increasing among 45-49 years and 50-54 years age ranges, with female predominance in those age groups.

Conclusion: This study found the frequency of type 2 diabetes and hypertension was not associated differently between different obesity subclasses. Indeed, weight gain associated with aging seems to further constitutes a threat to public health status in developing societies. Clearly, despite the small sample size, this study has posed important public health issues that require immediate attention from the health authority.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes; Hypertension and obesity

Abstract| Introduction| Methods| Statistical Analysis| Results| Discussion| Conclusion| Acknowledgment| References|