Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Complications in Obesity and Diabetes Volume 3 - Issue 3

Naranjan S Dhalla¹*, Paramjit S Tappia² and Anureet K Shah³

• ¹Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre & Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
• ²Asper Clinical Research Institute, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, Canada
• ³Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Los Angeles, USA

Received:April 22, 2021;   Published: April 29, 2021

Corresponding author: Naranjan S Dhalla, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Canada

DOI: 10.32474/ADO.2021.03.000163

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Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global incidence of obesity has nearly tripled since 1975; more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight and 650 million of those were obese in 2016. The WHO has defined obesity as an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that may impair health [1]. On the other hand, the number of people with diabetes rose from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014. Between 2000 and 2016, there was a 5% increase in premature mortality from diabetes and in 2019, an estimated 1.5 million deaths were directly caused by diabetes. Another 2.2 million deaths were attributable to high blood glucose in 2012

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