Diabetes Mellitus: Classification, Genetic Association and Herbal Treatment

Zainab Feroz¹, Sivakumar Vijayaraghavalu², Noohu Abdulla Khan³, Narasimman Gurusamy^, Girish C Shukla⁵ and Munish Kumar¹*

Received:July 29, 2019;   Published:August 06, 2019

DOI: 10.32474/ADO.2018.01.000136

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Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM; chronic metabolic disorder) is turning out to be pandemic with India (2nd most populous country) as its epicenter; preying on health and economy of people of all ages, sex, and ethnicity. It affects all the major systems of the human body and is an underlying factor for all the other ailments, including cancers. Available anti-diabetic drugs are only able to reduce the detrimental effects of diabetes and its related complications, but still, the complete cure is unabated. Additionally, in low-middle-income countries, the economic burden of drugs on the common man is a major hindering issue in the management of disease outcome. Among the general population, the most commonly known types of this disease are type I and type II DM. Despite strenuous efforts taken by governments throughout the world, including India; due to asymptomatic nature and lack of awareness, there is still lag in understanding and management of other less commonly known DM’s. This review highlights the detailed classification of DM’s and the underlying genetic factors. As well as enlist few cost-effective herbal therapies to combat the disease.

Keywords:Diabetes Mellitus; Gestational Diabetes; Classification; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Genes; Herbal Therapy; Diabetic complications

Abbreviations:DM: Diabetes Mellitus; GDM: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; DKA: Diabetic Ketoacidosis; MODY: Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young; FCPD: Fibrocalculous Pancreatic Diabetes; MIDD: Maternally Inherited Diabetes with Deafness; RAAS: Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System; eNOS: Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase

Abstract| Introduction| Genes Associated with DM| A Need for Herbal Treatment?| Conclusion/| References|