Oral Hygiene Habits and Dental Treatment Needs of Children with Dental Fluorosis and Those Without Dental Fluorosis Aged 12-15 Years In in a High Fluoride Area in North Kajiado Kenya

Volume 2 - Issue 2

Mildred ndoti Mavindu¹, Gladys N Opinya²*, Richard Owino² and Edith Ngatia¹

Received: April 13, 2018;   Published: May 07, 2018

DOI: 10.32474/MADOHC.2018.02.000133

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Abstract

Background: The dental disease identified as dental caries, periodontal, gingival lesions and dental fluorosis when diagnosed early and the treatment needs assessment with patients’ perception ensures the proper use of the physical facilitates, It also enhances planning for rational health resource allocation, utilization and personnel distribution so as to tackle the health problems in a holistic way.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the dental treatment needs among children aged 13-17 years affected by dental fluorosis and those not affected by dental fluorosis in Kajiado North District of Kenya

Materials and Methods: Study design this was a cross sectional comparative study of the dental treatment needs among two age matched population groups in primary school children. Sampling and Sample size. Stratified random sampling was used to select four primary schools out of the primary schools in North Kajiado. All children in the school with a full permanent dentin and whose parents had signed the consent form were recruited into the study. The study involved 248 children, 98(40%) males and 150(60%) females aged between 13 -17 years (mean age = 14.75±1.45) selected by simple random sampling from 9 schools in Kajiado North District which was purposively selected. They were all clinically examined under natural light for plaque and gingival scores using the Silness and Loe 1, Loe and Silness, dental caries was recrded using the decayed Missing Filedl teeth (DMFT), while gingivitis, periodontal disease and fluorosis using indices:- Silness and Loe 1, Loe and Silness, DMFT,CPITN and TFI.

Results: The treatment needs for gingivitis were similar, majority 218 (88%) children with fluorosis and 213 (86%) without required oral hygiene instructions and prophylaxis. There were 3(1.2%) children who had periodontitis in the group with dental fluorosis and required scaling and root planning. There were 50% children with caries in the fluorosis group who required one surface and 24.2% for two surface amalgam/composite restorations and for those without fluorosis, 76% required one surface and 15.2% two surface amalgam/composite restorations. There were 321(60.8%) teeth surfaces which required bleaching and microabrasion or composite masking and another 207(39.2%) for direct composite / porcelain veneers or crowns.

Conclusion: Children with dental fluorosis were burdened more by dental disease and had more treatment needs (dental caries, fluorosis, periodontal disease and gingivitis) when compared to those without dental fluorosis.

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