Studies on The Definition of Rodent Species at Farshut District, Qena Governorate Egypt Volume 4 - Issue 3

Ahmed A A Elrawy¹*, Nashaat A Mahmoud¹, Saudi A S Baghdadi¹ and Abd El-Aleem SS Desoky²

• ¹Department of Agric Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agric, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
• ²Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Sohag University, Egypt

Received: March 16, 2021;   Published: March 26, 2021

Corresponding author: Ahmed A A Elrawy, Agric Zoology and Nematology Department, Faculty of Agric, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

DOI: 10.32474/CDVS.2021.04.000186

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Abstract

This study was carried out to identify rodent species in the old areas of Al-Dahsa village in Farshout district, Qena governorate, in field crops and buildings during two consecutive years (2018 and 2019). The study revealed the presence of two rodent species (such as Arvicanthis Nilotic us and Rattus rattus frugivorous) in the field crops. While the study revealed the presence of three species of rodents (Mus musculus, Rattus Rattus frugivorous, and Rattus norvegicus) in the buildings. The study also revealed an increase in the density of rodents in field crops in the first and second years as follow: R. r. frugivorous (55.46 and 55.65%), A. Nilotic us (44.54 and 44.35%) for the first and second year, respectively. In buildings, the domestic mouse M. musculus was the most widespread species, accounting for 48.39% and 44.44% of the total rodents trapped for each of the first and second years. It is followed by Rattus norvegicus with 29.03% and 34.19%. R. r. frugivorus was the last species occurring 23.39% and 21.37%. This study is useful for choosing the most appropriate control methods for the rodent species spread in the study area.

Keywords: Field crops; buildings; arvicanthis nilotic us; rattus r frugivorous; rattus norvegicus; m musculus

Introduction

Rodents are global in their distribution and they constitute the largest group of mammals represent nearly 40% of all mammals living at the present time Bajomi [1] surveyed 51 species of rodent in Egypt, belonged to sub-order; Myomorph, eleven species fall under family Muridae, subfamily; Murinae (genera: Arvicanthis, Rattus, Acomys, Mus and Nesoke) are domestic and commensal animals found abundance, while five families are low abundance in desert and semi-desert. Many researchers found in Upper Egypt, Beni-Suif, El Minia, Assiut, Sohag and Qena Governorates the dominant rate species were, R. norvegicus, R. Rattus, A. cahirinus Nilotic’s, M. musculus, Gerbils spp. and Juculus spp. The dominant species and density related to habitats, crop installation, nearly reclamation land and abundance shelter and food and seasons, [2- 7]. The aim of the current study is to know the rodents scattered in the center of Farshout, Qena Governorate.

Materials and Methods

Survey of rodents in old areas at EL-Dahasa village (located at 76 km. North of Qena Governorate), Farshut district, Qena Governorate was carried out in the field crops and a building was carried out during two successive years (2018 and 2019). This area has been planted from a long period with isolated patches of vegetables, wheat, Egyptian clover, palm trees, cattle farm, alfalfa and different orchards as well as a building and a poultry farm. The total wire-box traps were 50 wire-box traps of the usual spring door (25×12×10 cm) in the month. Were baited and distributed at 6pm and examined each morning and the bait was replaced by fresh one. Trapped rodents were transferred to the laboratory for identified according to [8].

Results and discussion

The study revealed the occurrence of two rodent species in field crops (viz., Arvicanthis niloticus and Rattus rattus frugivorus) These rodents belong to family Muridae, Suborder Myomorpha, order Rodentia (Table 1) and (Figure 1). This viz., similar with [9] in sugar cane at Qena Governorate where found that the presence of species of rats included the white bellied rat, R.r. frugivorus, Nile grass rat, A.niloticus and RR Frugivorus the dominant species this may be due to the presence of attributed to the availability of food and shelter as well as prefers trees for nesting in houses. Also, this may be due to the inter-specific competition between this species and other species. The study revealed the occurrence of three rodent species in buildings (viz., Mus musculus, Rattus Rattus frugivorous and Rattus norvegicus) these rodents belong to family Muridae, Suborder Myomorph, order Rodentia (Table 1) and (Figure 2). This data agrees with that obtained by [10] in buildings at Qalubia Governorate (Tukh district) where found that the presence of species of rats included Mus musculus (The house mouse), Rattus rattus (The climb rat) and Rattus norvegicus (The Norway rat). The abundance of rodent species in field crops in the first and second year. Could be arranged quantitatively in the following descending order:

a) The White bellied rat, R. r. frugivorous (55.46and 55.65% for the first and second year, respectively).
b) The Nile grass rat, A. niloticus (44.54 and 44.35% for the first and second year, respectively).
In the buildings, the house mouse M. musculus was the most dominant species constituting 48.39% and 44.44% of the total trapped rodents for both first and second year. Followed by the Norway rat Rattus norvegicus 29.03% and 34.19%. The white bellied rat R. r. frugivorous was the last species of occurrence 23.39% and 21.37% (Table 1). It may be concluded that the availability of preferred food in both areas led the rats to feed, and produce higher reproduction rat in both areas, wholly in agreement with the findings obtained by [11-12].

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