Physico-Chemical Analysis and Modelling of
Ground Water Quality Parameters Using Water
Quality Index Method (WQI) and Principal
Component Analysis (PCA)
Volume 2 - Issue 2
Ilaboya IR* and Kayode Ojo N
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- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Benin, Nigeria
*Corresponding author:
Ilaboya IR, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Benin, P.M.B 1154, Benin City, Edo
State, Nigeria
Received: April 30, 2018; Published: May 11, 2018
DOI: 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000134
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Abstract
Groundwater is one of the major sources of water. It is affected by a number of natural and anthropogenic factors. As groundwater
use has increased, issue associated with the quality of groundwater resources have likewise grown in importance. In this study,
mathematical modelling technique for water quality index computation and multivariate statistical using Principal Component
Analysis (PCA) were employed to evaluate and analyze the variability of ground water quality in parts of Benin City, Edo State,
Nigeria. Various ground water quality parameters such as pH, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), Electrical Conductivity (EC),
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), phosphate, nitrate, sulphate, total solids (TS), sodium, potassium, calcium,
magnesium, iron, lead, cadmium, zinc and chloride from twelve boreholes of known coordinates were investigated. Results of the
computed water quality index indicate a latent variation in ground water quality of the study area. Although the index revealed
an adequate ground water quality in the study area, a variation of 85.610% to 94.204% was observed. In addition, results of the
principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that; phosphate, chloride and total dissolved solids are the three most important
variables affecting the quality of the borehole water within the study area.
Keywords: Principal component analysis; Water quality index; Ground water; Electrical conductivity; Total dissolved solids
Abbrevations: PCA: Principal Component Analysis; WQI: Water Quality Index; GA: Ground Water; EC: Electrical Conductivity;
TDS: Total Dissolved Solids; DO: Dissolved Oxygen; TSS: Total Suspended Solids
Abstract|
Introduction|
Research Methodology|
Result and Discussion|
Conclusion|
Appendix|
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