D-Dimer; A Potential Clinical Marker for Predicting
Metastasis & Stages in Lung Cancer
Volume 1 - Issue 2
Faiz Ahmed Faiz1, Muhammad Tayyab2, Khalid Aftab3*, Muhammad Aslam4 and Muhammad Fahad Faiz1
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- 1Department of Pathology, Islam Medical College, Sialkot, Pakistan
- 2Department of Pathology, Sialkot Medical College, Sialkot, Pakistan
- 3Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Sialkot Medical College, Sialkot, Pakistan
- 4Department of Pathology, MIMC Mirpur, Pakistan
*Corresponding author:
Khalid Aftab, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Sialkot Medical College, Pakistan
Received: January 16, 2019 Published: January 25, 2019
DOI:
10.32474/LOJPCR.2019.01.000108
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Abstract
The relationship between plasma D-dimer level and the prognosis of advanced lung cancer is close to each other. This study
investigated the role of plasma D-dimer as a prognostic factor in advanced lung cancer: a) The aim of the current study was to
investigate the association of D dimer plasma level with the development of stages in lung cancer. b) D-dimers levels as predictor of
fibrinolysis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). The subjects were selected from oncology department, Ghulab Devi
Hospital and Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Total 45 subjects were included in the present study. The selected subjects were divided into
two groups. Group A included 15 normal, healthy, age and sex matched controls and group B included 30 patients, histologically
diagnosed cases of lung cancer. The patients had no history of coagulation disorders or on anti-coagulant therapy. The plasma D-dimer
was measured in normal, heathy Controls and 30 histologically diagnosed cases of lung cancer by enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay. The median age of the patients (18 males and 12 females ) was 39.433± 5.11 and 13.3% had stage lb, 20% had llb, 6.7 % llla,
36.11 lllb, 23.3 % had lV disease. Histologic sub-type was Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) 30 %, Small cell lung carcinoma
(SCLC) were 10 %, Squamous cell carcinoma were 10 %, adenocarcinoma 16.7 % and large cells carcinoma were 10%.In the present
study. The Mean ± SD value of D-dimer level of the patients was 1068.70±441.86ng/dl, which was significantly higher than that of
the control group. The plasma levels of D-dimer were significantly higher in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma as compared
with healthy controls. Plasma D-dimer level was significantly higher in metastatic disease (P <0.01). D dimer levels were positively
associated with clinical cancer stage (P<0.05) and metastasis (P<0.05). These findings suggested that the plasma D dimer level may
be use as marker for predicting cancer metastasis and staging in lung cancer.
Keywords: Lung Cancer; Malignancies; Haemostatic System; Coagulation; Tumor Cells; Hyper coagulopathy; D Dimer
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