Waste to Worth - Sludge Containing Calcium Carbonate into Useful Building Materials - an Indian Context

Volume 2 - Issue 2

Varinder S Kanwar*

Received: April 20, 2018;   Published: May 03, 2018

DOI: 10.32474/TCEIA.2018.02.000131

Full Text PDF

To view the Full Article   Peer-reviewed Article PDF

Abstract

Human activities on earth produce in considerable quantities of wastes more than 2,500 million tons per year, including industrial and agricultural wastes from rural and urban societies. This creates serious problems to the environment, health and also the land filling. Now a day the concrete and bricks are most used man made materials in the world. The Indian construction industry alone consumes approximately 400 million tons of concrete every year and the relative amount of bricks too. Therefore the demand of the concrete, bricks and the required raw materials are very high. This causes the hike in the costs and demand of cement, bricks fine and coarse aggregates. Environmental degradation, high energy consumption and financial constraints has forced various organizations in India and abroad to recommend various qualitative guidelines for generation, treatment, handling, transport, disposal and recycling of non-hazardous and hazardous wastes. On the other side due to exponential growth of population in recent years, there is great demand for construction and thus increasing pressure for use of natural resources causing their acute shortage. There is environmental problem due excessive use of topsoil in brick manufacturing. Natural materials being exhaustible in nature, its quantity is declining gradually. Also, cost of extracting good quality of natural material is increasing.

Opinion|