Methodical Bases of Creation of Maps for Determining the Potential Erosion Hazard of Scolon Lands of the South-East Part of Azerbaijan

In recent years, the development of agriculture comes increasing, due to the increasing population in various countries. Average annual growth for the last irrigated land of the TWENTIETH centuries was over 3 million hectares. Irrigated area on the globe exceeded 220 million hectares. The total area of the Republic is 8641.5 thousand ha. Of these, 3610thousand hectares, or 43.23% of the soil of the Republic Fund places in one or another degree were subjected to erosion. Here historically formed complexes with environmental problems [1-3]. In the most precarious status of land resources, which almost everywhere in varying degrees subjected to degradation, the intensity of which depending on terrain parameters morphometric climatic and soil-plant conditions, as well as economic activity degree often reach catastrophic proportions. This contributes to the destabilization of the ecological situation in the Republic. [3,4] In Azerbaijan, in addition there is the problem of salinization of soil degradation (Figure 1).

also threatens the stability and health of the Society of universal and sustainable rural development in particular in mountain regions of the Republic (as Shamakhi, Axsu, Ismailia, Gabala, etc.) soil erosion is the removal of topsoil than soil formation processes can replace it due to natural, animal and human activities such as overgrazing, cultivation, deforestation and more mechanical farming [3][4][5]. More than half of these grassy% 54-formations is located on slopes with a gradient 10-18% (6-10 0 ) and 22% with a slope of less than 6-10% (3-6 0 ). Steppe vegetation, often used as winter pastures, is observed in the lower altitudinal zones. In Axsu district, they are below 300 m above sea level. Almost 70% of the footprint is located below 100 meters above sea level and 98% on the gentle territories or lands with a slight slope from 0 to 6% (0-3 0 ). Areas covered with herbaceous vegetation formations are also dry river valleys [7].

Spatial Characteristics of Herbaceous Formations and Cropland in the Objects of Study
They occupy less than one per cent of the total area to be analyzed.
There are up to a height of 400 m above sea level and 95% on flat or gently sloping areas. [ Reduction of the intensity of agricultural production and, especially, the intensity of grazing animals, as well as adaptation to the conditions of grazing techniques habitats above the grassy formations will strengthen their anti-erosion value.   Figure 3: Maps of the potential erosion hazard in the eastern part of the Ishmailli region district created using GIS.

Methodological Framework Mapping of Soils from the Threat of Erosion
In the example of Ismailia district, because of its typical hilly topography, to map the potential erosion were accepted criteria relating to mountain territories. Data on mean annual precipitation were obtained from Atlas of Azerbaijan Republic for the year 2007. [1,3,7] Analysis of the threat from erosion for Agsu district showed a strong effect of land use on reduction of erosion. This is the greatest mountain refers to the territories in which the significant reduction of all degrees of erosion threat, sparked the growth of the territory, not exposed erosion, more than 81% (Table 3). In the area of lowlands erosion reduction is primarily concerned with 2, 3, 4, and 5 degrees. Area, subject to erosion threat 2 degrees was reduced from 5516 HA to 412 hectares. Territory subject to erosion threat 3 and 4 degrees, only 96 ha, and 5 degrees was reduction to 0. A higher percentage of territories with 1 degree of threat from erosion in the mountainous part of the region is associated with the presence of a small amount of forests and large crops of wheat (Table 2). [1,2,6]. Residents of the area placed in regions with a significant incline of the ground, which increases the percentage of the highest degree of potential danger from erosion. Almost 48% of the analyzed of Ismailia district is threatened by erosion, 3.4 and 5 degrees (Table 3).

Conclusion
A very big impact on the reduction of the intensity of surface water erosion raises some concerns about the sustainability of the advanced technologies used in the work methodology for the study area. In this regard, it would seem appropriate for field verification data, taking into account the impact of land use on washing away topsoil. Another issue not related to the influence of surface water erosion, is the development of the territory of landslides. They create a large loss for Azerbaijan's infrastructure and may be subject to further study, including the modelling [8].